Exam 12: Defining Psychological Disorders

Barbara and Jeffrey are both psychologists. Barbara believes that biology is the sole cause for psychological disorders. Jeffrey believes that while biology plays a large role, psychological and social factors should also be considered. Barbara practices from the _____ perspective, whereas Jeffrey practices from the _____ perspective.

Placebo-controlled studies have shown that the drugs used to treat attention-deficit disorder _____

____ disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders that interfere with children's communication s and ability to engage in normal social relationships.

The diagnostic system for describing and classifying psychological disorders that is used by mental health professionals in the United States and much of the world is commonly known as the _____, which stands for _____

Because there is a 46% chance that if one identical twin has schizophrenia, the other twin will, too, we know that there is a _____ component to schizophrenia.

To which of the following disorders can the addition of agoraphobia be attached?

As opposed to chronic, free-floating, and pervasive anxiety, those who are diagnosed with _____ experience fairly brief but intense episodes of anxiety. This disorder includes episodes of anxiety that tend to surface as physical symptoms such as a racing heart, shaking, sweating, and sensations of choking. The sufferers typically change their every day routine for fear that another episode may occur.

Katie has an anxiety disorder and recently sought treatment for it. The therapist explained that the anxiety stemmed from her early childhood experiences. When Katie was young, her parents divorced. Her anxiety increased when her dad abandoned Katie, and when her mom decided to start another family with her new husband. According to Katie's therapist, Katie has unresolved unconscious conflicts involving fear of abandonment in addition to aggression toward her father. From which psychological perspective is this explanation?

Children who have fits of rage so intense and so frequent that their ability to function in social and academic settings is seriously impaired may be diagnosed with which of the following?

In the past, children with frequent, intense episodes of uncontrollable rage were most likely to have been diagnosed as having _____ disorder.

Dissociative _____ disorder involves the existence of two or more distinct personalities in the same individual, along with severe memory disruption.

It was long assumed that early _____ played a key role in the development of dissociative identity disorder. However, we now know this has not happened in most cases.

One type of somatic disorder, called _____ disorder, involves a loss of motor or sensory functioning in some part of the body.

The category of mental disorder with the highest prevalence is _____ disorders.

Martha always has drama in her life. When she has a boyfriend, she is at first head over heels in love. Her boyfriends get tired of her demanding reassurance that they love her just as much. Eventually they do some little thing that she perceives as abandonment. She has even cut on herself to show them how hurt she is. Her moods change often in a day and she is frequently impulsive. Martha best fits the description of which of the following disorders?

An intense fear of being humiliated or criticized by others in social situations is characteristic of _____

Sally is well known around town. People refer to her as the town's "favorite crazy person." She seldom interacts with others and always has on some outlandish outfit. When people try to speak to her, she tells them they have to stay at least 6 feet away so they don't exchange any parts of their soul with her. She seems to get along okay in life but has lots of weird ideas. Sally might be diagnosed with which of the following?

Dr. Lowe treats anxiety disorders. She believes they are caused by faulty brain activity. Dr. Lowe is taking a _____ view of anxiety disorders.

A somatic disorder involves _____ symptoms with no known medical cause, thought to be due to _____

Jim has been breaking the law for some time now and has been arrested several times for hurting other people. The court has ordered that he undergo psychological therapy, in addition to jail time, to eliminate these behaviors. The therapist working with him feels strongly that Jim engages in these behaviors because he grew up watching his parents engage in a life of crime. In fact, Jim was often rewarded when he was young for stealing from the neighbors. Unfortunately, Jim never had the chance to learn appropriate ways of thinking and acting. Which psychological perspective best describes the cause Jim's psychological disorder?