Question 1

What is the purpose of adding the cap and tail to the mRNA prior to leaving the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) To prevent and/or delay the degradation of the mRNA by enzymes in the cytoplasm 
B) To attract and attach the translation machinery to the mRNA 
C) To prevent the ends from attaching to other mRNA and extending the transcript 
D) To prevent complementary RNA from binding to the mRNA and forming double stranded RNA 
A) To prevent and/or delay the degradation of the mRNA by enzymes in the cytoplasm 
B) To attract and attach the translation machinery to the mRNA 
C) To prevent the ends from attaching to other mRNA and extending the transcript 
D) To prevent complementary RNA from binding to the mRNA and forming double stranded RNA

Question 2

The type of mutation that alters the nucleotide sequence of a gene but does not alter the amino acid sequence of the protein produced from that gene is called ________ mutation.

Accepted Answer

A) missense 
B) silent 
C) nonsense 
D) frameshift 
A) missense 
B) silent 
C) nonsense 
D) frameshift

Question 3

Which is not a posttranscriptional modification to the mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Intron removal 
B) Promoter binding 
C) End capping 
D) Exon splicing 
A) Intron removal 
B) Promoter binding 
C) End capping 
D) Exon splicing

Question 4

What is the minimum amount of regular physical activity that has been shown to reduce the risk of cancer?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 hour per day,every other day 
B) 30 minutes at a time,3 times per week 
C) 15 minutes of intense exercise,every day 
D) None,physical activity has not been shown to reduce the risk of developing any form of cancer. 
A) 1 hour per day,every other day 
B) 30 minutes at a time,3 times per week 
C) 15 minutes of intense exercise,every day 
D) None,physical activity has not been shown to reduce the risk of developing any form of cancer.

Question 5

What is a "benign" tumor?

Accepted Answer

A) A mass of cancerous cells 
B) A single mutated cell that could potentially develop into cancer 
C) A mass of cells that grows out of control and spreads to other tissues 
D) A mass of cells that grows out of control but remains at the site of origin 
A) A mass of cancerous cells 
B) A single mutated cell that could potentially develop into cancer 
C) A mass of cells that grows out of control and spreads to other tissues 
D) A mass of cells that grows out of control but remains at the site of origin

Question 6

If DNA directs the production of RNA,what does RNA make?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA makes proteins. 
B) RNA makes more DNA. 
C) RNA makes membranes. 
D) RNA makes hereditary molecules. 
A) RNA makes proteins. 
B) RNA makes more DNA. 
C) RNA makes membranes. 
D) RNA makes hereditary molecules.

Question 7

How many nucleotides in sequence are required to code for 10 amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 30 
A) 3 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 30

Question 8

Is the number of nucleotides in a species' DNA an accurate predictor of the number of genes in their DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) No,there is no relationship to the number of nucleotides and the number of genes. 
B) No,while in general more nucleotides would imply more genes,this is not always the case. 
C) Yes,it is a one-to-one relationship as 20,000 nucleotides would equate to 20,000 genes. 
D) Yes,there is one gene for approximately every 1,000 nucleotides. 
A) No,there is no relationship to the number of nucleotides and the number of genes. 
B) No,while in general more nucleotides would imply more genes,this is not always the case. 
C) Yes,it is a one-to-one relationship as 20,000 nucleotides would equate to 20,000 genes. 
D) Yes,there is one gene for approximately every 1,000 nucleotides.

Question 9

What is the success rate of gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

A) Excellent,as many diseases are now successfully cured with gene therapy. 
B) Fair,as more than half the trials have been successful. 
C) Mediocre,as only about half the trials have been successful. 
D) Poor,as there have been few successes but many disappointments. 
A) Excellent,as many diseases are now successfully cured with gene therapy. 
B) Fair,as more than half the trials have been successful. 
C) Mediocre,as only about half the trials have been successful. 
D) Poor,as there have been few successes but many disappointments.

Question 10

Most genes are in the "off" state and are not expressed.How then are genes turned on?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA helicase must first bind to the promoter site of the DNA. 
B) RNA polymerase must first bind to the exons. 
C) MicroRNA binds to the DNA to initiate transcription. 
D) Transcription factors must first bind to the DNA. 
A) DNA helicase must first bind to the promoter site of the DNA. 
B) RNA polymerase must first bind to the exons. 
C) MicroRNA binds to the DNA to initiate transcription. 
D) Transcription factors must first bind to the DNA.

Question 11

Which of the following is a true statement?

Accepted Answer

A) All mutagens are carcinogens. 
B) All mutagens cause cancer. 
C) All mutations are caused by mutagens. 
D) None of these is a true statement. 
A) All mutagens are carcinogens. 
B) All mutagens cause cancer. 
C) All mutations are caused by mutagens. 
D) None of these is a true statement.

Question 12

What is a gene?

Accepted Answer

A) A discrete sequence of DNA nucleotides 
B) A section of DNA that codes for one or more proteins 
C) A section of DNA that codes for a portion of a protein 
D) All of these and more are part of the expanding definition of a gene. 
A) A discrete sequence of DNA nucleotides 
B) A section of DNA that codes for one or more proteins 
C) A section of DNA that codes for a portion of a protein 
D) All of these and more are part of the expanding definition of a gene.

Question 13

What separates the strands of DNA in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)technique?

Accepted Answer

A) Restriction enzymes 
B) Helicase 
C) Centrifuge 
D) Heat 
A) Restriction enzymes 
B) Helicase 
C) Centrifuge 
D) Heat

Question 14

How is translation initiated?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA helicase binds to the origins of replication. 
B) Two ribosomal subunits bind to the mRNA transcript. 
C) RNA polymerase binds to the promoter sequence. 
D) DNA ligase binds to the AUG start sequence. 
A) DNA helicase binds to the origins of replication. 
B) Two ribosomal subunits bind to the mRNA transcript. 
C) RNA polymerase binds to the promoter sequence. 
D) DNA ligase binds to the AUG start sequence.

Question 15

Why does transcription occur in the nucleus and not in the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA cannot exist in the cytoplasm. 
B) DNA cannot leave the nucleus. 
C) Ribosomes cannot leave the nucleus. 
D) Codons are only found in the nucleus. 
A) RNA cannot exist in the cytoplasm. 
B) DNA cannot leave the nucleus. 
C) Ribosomes cannot leave the nucleus. 
D) Codons are only found in the nucleus.

Question 16

While it is a standard rule of thumb to say information passes from DNA to RNA to protein,there are exceptions.What is the name of the enzyme that builds DNA out of RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase 
B) RNA polymerase 
C) Reverse transcriptase 
D) DNA synthase 
A) DNA polymerase 
B) RNA polymerase 
C) Reverse transcriptase 
D) DNA synthase

Question 17

What does "burn" refer to in the typical cancer treatment regime?

Accepted Answer

A) Chemotherapy 
B) Aromatherapy 
C) Radiation therapy 
D) Surgery 
A) Chemotherapy 
B) Aromatherapy 
C) Radiation therapy 
D) Surgery

What is the purpose of adding the cap and tail to the mRNA prior to leaving the nucleus?

The type of mutation that alters the nucleotide sequence of a gene but does not alter the amino acid sequence of the protein produced from that gene is called ________ mutation.

Which is not a posttranscriptional modification to the mRNA?

What is the minimum amount of regular physical activity that has been shown to reduce the risk of cancer?

What is a "benign" tumor?

If DNA directs the production of RNA,what does RNA make?

How many nucleotides in sequence are required to code for 10 amino acids?

Is the number of nucleotides in a species' DNA an accurate predictor of the number of genes in their DNA?

What is the success rate of gene therapy?

Most genes are in the "off" state and are not expressed.How then are genes turned on?

Which of the following is a true statement?

What is a gene?

What separates the strands of DNA in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)technique?

How is translation initiated?

Why does transcription occur in the nucleus and not in the cytoplasm?

While it is a standard rule of thumb to say information passes from DNA to RNA to protein,there are exceptions.What is the name of the enzyme that builds DNA out of RNA?

What does "burn" refer to in the typical cancer treatment regime?

An Introduction to the Science of Life

The Chemistry of Life

The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life

Energy and Life

Chromosomes and Inheritance

Darwinian Evolution

Biodiversity 1: Microscopic Organisms

Biodiversity 2: Fungi and Plants

Biodiversity 3: Animals

Human Body Systems

Ecology

Filters

Exam 6: DNA: The Molecule of Life

What is the purpose of adding the cap and tail to the mRNA prior to leaving the nucleus?

The type of mutation that alters the nucleotide sequence of a gene but does not alter the amino acid sequence of the protein produced from that gene is called ________ mutation.

Which is not a posttranscriptional modification to the mRNA?

What is the minimum amount of regular physical activity that has been shown to reduce the risk of cancer?

What is a "benign" tumor?

If DNA directs the production of RNA,what does RNA make?

How many nucleotides in sequence are required to code for 10 amino acids?

Is the number of nucleotides in a species' DNA an accurate predictor of the number of genes in their DNA?

What is the success rate of gene therapy?

Most genes are in the "off" state and are not expressed.How then are genes turned on?

Which of the following is a true statement?

What is a gene?

What separates the strands of DNA in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)technique?

How is translation initiated?

Why does transcription occur in the nucleus and not in the cytoplasm?

While it is a standard rule of thumb to say information passes from DNA to RNA to protein,there are exceptions.What is the name of the enzyme that builds DNA out of RNA?

What does "burn" refer to in the typical cancer treatment regime?

An Introduction to the Science of Life

The Chemistry of Life

The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life

Energy and Life

Chromosomes and Inheritance

Darwinian Evolution

Biodiversity 1: Microscopic Organisms

Biodiversity 2: Fungi and Plants

Biodiversity 3: Animals

Human Body Systems

Ecology

Filters