Question 1

Under what circumstance is there a mixed Nash equilibrium for the hawk-dove game?

Accepted Answer

A) When the cost of fighting equals the benefit of a victory 
B) When the cost of fighting is greater than the benefit of a victory 
C) When the strategy of the other player is unpredictable 
D) When all members of the population play hawk exclusively 
A) When the cost of fighting equals the benefit of a victory 
B) When the cost of fighting is greater than the benefit of a victory 
C) When the strategy of the other player is unpredictable 
D) When all members of the population play hawk exclusively

Question 2

An alarm call benefits multiple individuals,both related and unrelated (r = 0).Can this behavior still evolve according to Hamilton's rule? (There are 1,2,…,A individuals that are related to the donor by r₁,r₂,…,rA and receive benefits b₁,b₂,…,bA)

Accepted Answer

A) No, unrelated individuals will automatically set the benefits to 0, as Hamilton's rule for multiple individuals is   . 
B) No, this case no longer addresses inclusive fitness, and Hamilton's rule does not apply. 
C) Yes, if there are more related individuals benefiting than unrelated individuals, as Hamilton's rule for multiple individuals is   . 
D) Yes, as long as the benefits to related individuals satisfy   . 
A) No, unrelated individuals will automatically set the benefits to 0, as Hamilton's rule for multiple individuals is   . 
B) No, this case no longer addresses inclusive fitness, and Hamilton's rule does not apply. 
C) Yes, if there are more related individuals benefiting than unrelated individuals, as Hamilton's rule for multiple individuals is   . 
D) Yes, as long as the benefits to related individuals satisfy   .

Question 3

Assume that the cost of fighting is four times greater than the benefit gained from the resource that is being fought over.What is the probability with which an individual should play dove in the mixed Nash equilibrium of the hawk-dove game?

Accepted Answer

p of playing hawk = benefits o

Question 4

The model below predicts that the begging level of full offspring (F)should essentially be zero,whereas hungry (H)and starving (S)offspring show intermediate and high levels of begging,respectively.Under what circumstances would we expect full offspring to start begging?

Accepted Answer

A) When the fitness costs of begging are higher. 
B) When the fitness costs of begging are lower. 
C) Only when the fitness costs of begging increase in a nonlinear fashion with begging level. 
D) Under no circumstances; the full (F) individuals are by definition at begging level zero. 
A) When the fitness costs of begging are higher. 
B) When the fitness costs of begging are lower. 
C) Only when the fitness costs of begging increase in a nonlinear fashion with begging level. 
D) Under no circumstances; the full (F) individuals are by definition at begging level zero.

Question 5

Which of the following statements illustrates the free-rider problem?

Accepted Answer

A) By reliably reciprocating a cooperative behavior, all individuals in the population increase their fitness. 
B) Some daughters forego having offspring of their own as they help their mother with brood care. 
C) An individual spends only half an hour grooming others for each hour of grooming it has received. 
D) Some individuals forgo reproduction to avoid overpopulation of a species' habitat. 
A) By reliably reciprocating a cooperative behavior, all individuals in the population increase their fitness. 
B) Some daughters forego having offspring of their own as they help their mother with brood care. 
C) An individual spends only half an hour grooming others for each hour of grooming it has received. 
D) Some individuals forgo reproduction to avoid overpopulation of a species' habitat.

Question 6

In order for a game to be a true prisoner's dilemma,which of the following conditions must be met? P = Punishment for mutual defection,R = Reward for mutual cooperation,S = "Sucker's" payoff,T = Temptation to defect

Accepted Answer

A) T > R > P > S 
B) R > P > S > T 
C) S > P > T > R 
D) R > P > T > S 
A) T > R > P > S 
B) R > P > S > T 
C) S > P > T > R 
D) R > P > T > S

Question 7

Imagine you are studying horns in male deer,and you hypothesize that horns are costly honest signals that help to prevent male fights.What three predictions should you use to test your hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Males with large horns will be able to a

Question 8

Name the three familial conflicts.

Accepted Answer

Sexual conflict,pare

Question 9

Consider Trivers's parent-offspring conflict model.How do you expect the zone of conflict between parent and offspring to differ when the future offspring is a half instead of a full sibling?

Accepted Answer

A) The zone of conflict will become wider. 
B) The zone of conflict will become narrower. 
C) The zone of conflict will remain of the same width but shift toward higher parental investment. 
D) The zone of conflict will become wider and shift toward higher parental investment. 
A) The zone of conflict will become wider. 
B) The zone of conflict will become narrower. 
C) The zone of conflict will remain of the same width but shift toward higher parental investment. 
D) The zone of conflict will become wider and shift toward higher parental investment.

Question 10

What gametes will survive after meiosis of the following chromosome pair? Sd = active segregation distorter allele,Sd⁺ = inactive segregation distorter allele,Rspˢ = response sensitive responder gene allele,Rspᶦ = response insensitive responder genes allele.

Accepted Answer

Only Sd⁺Rs

Question 11

Researchers manipulated the tail length in male widowbirds and compared female preferences for males with different tail lengths.Do the results illustrated in the figure below show that male tail length is an honest signal of male quality?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, otherwise females would not prefer males with longer tails. 
B) Yes, the longer the tail the more energy males need to spend on growing it. 
C) No, just putting a longer tail on a male does not increase its quality. 
D) No, this study did not test whether birds with naturally long tails were of higher quality than birds with naturally short tails. 
A) Yes, otherwise females would not prefer males with longer tails. 
B) Yes, the longer the tail the more energy males need to spend on growing it. 
C) No, just putting a longer tail on a male does not increase its quality. 
D) No, this study did not test whether birds with naturally long tails were of higher quality than birds with naturally short tails.

Under what circumstance is there a mixed Nash equilibrium for the hawk-dove game?

An alarm call benefits multiple individuals,both related and unrelated (r = 0).Can this behavior still evolve according to Hamilton's rule? (There are 1,2,…,A individuals that are related to the donor by r₁,r₂,…,rA and receive benefits b₁,b₂,…,bA)

Assume that the cost of fighting is four times greater than the benefit gained from the resource that is being fought over.What is the probability with which an individual should play dove in the mixed Nash equilibrium of the hawk-dove game?

The model below predicts that the begging level of full offspring (F)should essentially be zero,whereas hungry (H)and starving (S)offspring show intermediate and high levels of begging,respectively.Under what circumstances would we expect full offspring to start begging?

Which of the following statements illustrates the free-rider problem?

In order for a game to be a true prisoner's dilemma,which of the following conditions must be met? P = Punishment for mutual defection,R = Reward for mutual cooperation,S = "Sucker's" payoff,T = Temptation to defect

Imagine you are studying horns in male deer,and you hypothesize that horns are costly honest signals that help to prevent male fights.What three predictions should you use to test your hypothesis?

Name the three familial conflicts.

Consider Trivers's parent-offspring conflict model.How do you expect the zone of conflict between parent and offspring to differ when the future offspring is a half instead of a full sibling?

What gametes will survive after meiosis of the following chromosome pair? Sd = active segregation distorter allele,Sd⁺ = inactive segregation distorter allele,Rspˢ = response sensitive responder gene allele,Rspᶦ = response insensitive responder genes allele.

Researchers manipulated the tail length in male widowbirds and compared female preferences for males with different tail lengths.Do the results illustrated in the figure below show that male tail length is an honest signal of male quality?

An Overview of Evolutionary Biology

Early Evolutionary Ideas and Darwins Insight

Natural Selection

Phylogeny and Evolutionary History

Inferring Phylogeny

Transmission Genetics and the Sources of Genetic Variation

The Genetics of Populations

Evolution in Finite Populations

Evolution at Multiple Loci

Genome Evolution

The Origin and Evolution of Early Life

Major Transitions

Evolution and Development

Species and Speciation

Extinction and Evolutionary Trends

The Evolution of Sex

Sexual Selection

Coevolution

Evolution and Medicine

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Exam 18: The Evolution of Sociality

Under what circumstance is there a mixed Nash equilibrium for the hawk-dove game?

An alarm call benefits multiple individuals,both related and unrelated (r = 0).Can this behavior still evolve according to Hamilton's rule? (There are 1,2,…,A individuals that are related to the donor by r₁,r₂,…,rA and receive benefits b₁,b₂,…,bA)

Assume that the cost of fighting is four times greater than the benefit gained from the resource that is being fought over.What is the probability with which an individual should play dove in the mixed Nash equilibrium of the hawk-dove game?

The model below predicts that the begging level of full offspring (F)should essentially be zero,whereas hungry (H)and starving (S)offspring show intermediate and high levels of begging,respectively.Under what circumstances would we expect full offspring to start begging?

Which of the following statements illustrates the free-rider problem?

In order for a game to be a true prisoner's dilemma,which of the following conditions must be met? P = Punishment for mutual defection,R = Reward for mutual cooperation,S = "Sucker's" payoff,T = Temptation to defect

Imagine you are studying horns in male deer,and you hypothesize that horns are costly honest signals that help to prevent male fights.What three predictions should you use to test your hypothesis?

Name the three familial conflicts.

Consider Trivers's parent-offspring conflict model.How do you expect the zone of conflict between parent and offspring to differ when the future offspring is a half instead of a full sibling?

What gametes will survive after meiosis of the following chromosome pair? Sd = active segregation distorter allele,Sd⁺ = inactive segregation distorter allele,Rspˢ = response sensitive responder gene allele,Rspᶦ = response insensitive responder genes allele.

Researchers manipulated the tail length in male widowbirds and compared female preferences for males with different tail lengths.Do the results illustrated in the figure below show that male tail length is an honest signal of male quality?

An Overview of Evolutionary Biology

Early Evolutionary Ideas and Darwins Insight

Natural Selection

Phylogeny and Evolutionary History

Inferring Phylogeny

Transmission Genetics and the Sources of Genetic Variation

The Genetics of Populations

Evolution in Finite Populations

Evolution at Multiple Loci

Genome Evolution

The Origin and Evolution of Early Life

Major Transitions

Evolution and Development

Species and Speciation

Extinction and Evolutionary Trends

The Evolution of Sex

Sexual Selection

Coevolution

Evolution and Medicine

Filters