Question 1

Rolanda is studying for a quiz. She knows that #1 in this diagram is pointing to the

Accepted Answer

A)  SCN. 
B)  preoptic area (PO
A) . 
C)  optic chiasm. 
D)  LGN of the thalamus. 
A)  SCN. 
B)  preoptic area (PO
A) . 
C)  optic chiasm. 
D)  LGN of the thalamus.

Question 2

The origin of the SCN's rhythms may be

Accepted Answer

A)  exposure to the mother's rhythms in utero. 
B)  input from the retinohypothalamic tract. 
C)  exposure to melatonin. 
D)  oscillations of protein production and degradation. 
A)  exposure to the mother's rhythms in utero. 
B)  input from the retinohypothalamic tract. 
C)  exposure to melatonin. 
D)  oscillations of protein production and degradation.

Question 3

REM dreaming phenomena that precede actual sleep are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  myoclonia. 
B)  hypnogogic hallucinations. 
C)  hypnopompic hallucinations 
D)  sleep apnea. 
A)  myoclonia. 
B)  hypnogogic hallucinations. 
C)  hypnopompic hallucinations 
D)  sleep apnea.

Question 4

Research evidence suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep is not necessary or helpful for memory formation. 
B)  REM sleep, but not NREM sleep, appears to be essential for memory formation. 
C)  NREM sleep, but not REM sleep, appears to be essential for memory formation. 
D)  both REM and NREM appear to play important roles in memory formation. 
A)  sleep is not necessary or helpful for memory formation. 
B)  REM sleep, but not NREM sleep, appears to be essential for memory formation. 
C)  NREM sleep, but not REM sleep, appears to be essential for memory formation. 
D)  both REM and NREM appear to play important roles in memory formation.

Question 5

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) seems to be the result of atypical _____ functioning.

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine 
B)  serotonin 
C)  melatonin 
D)  histamine 
A)  dopamine 
B)  serotonin 
C)  melatonin 
D)  histamine

Question 6

REM sleep can first be observed in humans

Accepted Answer

A)  prior to birth. 
B)  about two weeks after birth. 
C)  about six weeks after birth. 
D)  at about one year of age. 
A)  prior to birth. 
B)  about two weeks after birth. 
C)  about six weeks after birth. 
D)  at about one year of age.

Question 7

The brain waves typical of NREM sleep appear to be the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  activity progressing from the pons to the lateral geniculate nucleus to the occipital cortex. 
B)  activity in the POA of the hypothalamus. 
C)  synchronization of cortical neurons by the thalamus. 
D)  desynchronization of cortical neurons by the thalamus. 
A)  activity progressing from the pons to the lateral geniculate nucleus to the occipital cortex. 
B)  activity in the POA of the hypothalamus. 
C)  synchronization of cortical neurons by the thalamus. 
D)  desynchronization of cortical neurons by the thalamus.

Question 8

The free-running daily cycle of human beings is _________ hours long.

Accepted Answer

A)  between 22 and 23 
B)  between 23 and 24 
C)  between 24 and 25 
D)  more than 30 
A)  between 22 and 23 
B)  between 23 and 24 
C)  between 24 and 25 
D)  more than 30

Question 9

Tom tells you that he has a history exam coming up in five days, and he has five chapters to read before the exam. He says he's going to wait and read them all the day before the exam, even if he has to stay up all night, so the material will be fresh in his mind. What advice should you give Tom, and why?

Accepted Answer

A)  That sounds like a great plan, but be sure to take notes on what you're reading so you'll remember it for the test. 
B)  Read the chapters as soon as possible, taking notes, and go over the notes every day before the exam. This is because the more often you sleep after learning information, the more apt you are to remember the information for the exam. 
C)  Borrow notes from someone else and study them for the first four days, then get up extra early on the morning of the exam, read the five chapters, and don't sleep again until after the exam, because sleeping after you learn something erases most of what you learned. 
D)  It's too late to try to learn the information in the textbook. Ask the instructor if you can take a later makeup exam. 
A)  That sounds like a great plan, but be sure to take notes on what you're reading so you'll remember it for the test. 
B)  Read the chapters as soon as possible, taking notes, and go over the notes every day before the exam. This is because the more often you sleep after learning information, the more apt you are to remember the information for the exam. 
C)  Borrow notes from someone else and study them for the first four days, then get up extra early on the morning of the exam, read the five chapters, and don't sleep again until after the exam, because sleeping after you learn something erases most of what you learned. 
D)  It's too late to try to learn the information in the textbook. Ask the instructor if you can take a later makeup exam.

Question 10

Research comparing rates of major depressive disorder with seasonal pattern in Canada and Iceland has demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)  all populations living at high latitudes are equally likely to experience the condition. 
B)  more Canadians experience the condition than Icelanders, suggesting that Icelanders may have developed some genetic protections against the condition. 
C)  more Icelanders experience the condition than Canadians, suggesting that Canadians may have developed some genetic protections against the condition. 
D)  native Icelanders or Canadians were unlikely to experience the condition, but people who migrate to those countries are more vulnerable to the condition. 
A)  all populations living at high latitudes are equally likely to experience the condition. 
B)  more Canadians experience the condition than Icelanders, suggesting that Icelanders may have developed some genetic protections against the condition. 
C)  more Icelanders experience the condition than Canadians, suggesting that Canadians may have developed some genetic protections against the condition. 
D)  native Icelanders or Canadians were unlikely to experience the condition, but people who migrate to those countries are more vulnerable to the condition.

Question 11

Paul has been working the night shift for a long time. He likely has

Accepted Answer

A)  developed shift maladaptation syndrome. 
B)  developed a reduced need for sleep. 
C)  increases in NREM. 
D)  no observable symptoms. 
A)  developed shift maladaptation syndrome. 
B)  developed a reduced need for sleep. 
C)  increases in NREM. 
D)  no observable symptoms.

Question 12

Cholinergic activity is high during wakefulness and REM sleep but lower during NREM sleep.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

During an attack of cataplexy, the person

Accepted Answer

A)  falls into a full NREM sleep episode. 
B)  falls into a full REM sleep episode. 
C)  experiences REM dreaming without paralysis. 
D)  is awake but experiences REM paralysis. 
A)  falls into a full NREM sleep episode. 
B)  falls into a full REM sleep episode. 
C)  experiences REM dreaming without paralysis. 
D)  is awake but experiences REM paralysis.

Question 14

Acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the brain are high during _______________ sleep but lower during ______________ sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  REM; wakefulness and NREM 
B)  NREM; wakefulness and REM 
C)  wakefulness and REM; NREM 
D)  wakefulness and NREM; REM 
A)  REM; wakefulness and NREM 
B)  NREM; wakefulness and REM 
C)  wakefulness and REM; NREM 
D)  wakefulness and NREM; REM

Question 15

Ryan's little brother frequently wakes up screaming a few hours after going to bed and complains about a "bear" sitting on him. It is likely that Ryan's brother is experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  myoclonia. 
B)  a sleep terror. 
C)  a nightmare. 
D)  lucid dreaming. 
A)  myoclonia. 
B)  a sleep terror. 
C)  a nightmare. 
D)  lucid dreaming.

Question 16

The emotional quality of our dreams is most likely a result of the _________ during REM sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  activity of the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex 
B)  increased activity of the frontal lobes 
C)  suppression of the primary visual cortex 
D)  increased activity of the hippocampus 
A)  activity of the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex 
B)  increased activity of the frontal lobes 
C)  suppression of the primary visual cortex 
D)  increased activity of the hippocampus

Question 17

Barbara suffers from multiple sclerosis, and one of her symptoms is severe insomnia. Her neurologist has decided to prescribe zolpidem (Ambien) but has a serious conversation with her about the potential side effects of taking the drug. Which of the following would NOT come up in this conversation?

Accepted Answer

A)  sleepwalking 
B)  binge eating 
C)  driving while she is asleep 
D)  increased nightmares 
A)  sleepwalking 
B)  binge eating 
C)  driving while she is asleep 
D)  increased nightmares

Question 18

If sleep is a way to preserve energy, we would expect

Accepted Answer

A)  larger animals to sleep more, due to their high metabolic rates. 
B)  smaller animals to sleep more, due to their high metabolic rates. 
C)  hibernation to be accompanied by increased body temperature. 
D)  animals with smaller appetites to sleep more. 
A)  larger animals to sleep more, due to their high metabolic rates. 
B)  smaller animals to sleep more, due to their high metabolic rates. 
C)  hibernation to be accompanied by increased body temperature. 
D)  animals with smaller appetites to sleep more.

Question 19

Which of the following is an accurate description of the effects of zeitgebers on the body's internal clocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both the SCN and peripheral clocks are affected more by light than any other type of zeitgeber. 
B)  The SCN is more affected by light, whereas the peripheral clocks are more affected by feeding patterns. 
C)  The peripheral clocks are more affected by light, whereas the SCN is more affected by physical activity. 
D)  Both the SCN and peripheral clocks are affected more by physical activity and feeding patterns than by light. 
A)  Both the SCN and peripheral clocks are affected more by light than any other type of zeitgeber. 
B)  The SCN is more affected by light, whereas the peripheral clocks are more affected by feeding patterns. 
C)  The peripheral clocks are more affected by light, whereas the SCN is more affected by physical activity. 
D)  Both the SCN and peripheral clocks are affected more by physical activity and feeding patterns than by light.

Question 20

Which is the correct order of brain waves associated with the highest to lowest levels of alertness?

Accepted Answer

A)  gamma band, beta, alpha, theta, delta 
B)  alpha, beta, gamma band, theta, delta 
C)  alpha, beta, delta, gamma band, theta 
D)  delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma band 
A)  gamma band, beta, alpha, theta, delta 
B)  alpha, beta, gamma band, theta, delta 
C)  alpha, beta, delta, gamma band, theta 
D)  delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma band

Rolanda is studying for a quiz. She knows that #1 in this diagram is pointing to the

The origin of the SCN's rhythms may be

REM dreaming phenomena that precede actual sleep are known as

Research evidence suggests that

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) seems to be the result of atypical _____ functioning.

REM sleep can first be observed in humans

The brain waves typical of NREM sleep appear to be the result of

The free-running daily cycle of human beings is _________ hours long.

Research comparing rates of major depressive disorder with seasonal pattern in Canada and Iceland has demonstrated that

Paul has been working the night shift for a long time. He likely has

Cholinergic activity is high during wakefulness and REM sleep but lower during NREM sleep.

During an attack of cataplexy, the person

Acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the brain are high during _ sleep but lower during sleep.

Ryan's little brother frequently wakes up screaming a few hours after going to bed and complains about a "bear" sitting on him. It is likely that Ryan's brother is experiencing

The emotional quality of our dreams is most likely a result of the _________ during REM sleep.

Barbara suffers from multiple sclerosis, and one of her symptoms is severe insomnia. Her neurologist has decided to prescribe zolpidem (Ambien) but has a serious conversation with her about the potential side effects of taking the drug. Which of the following would NOT come up in this conversation?

If sleep is a way to preserve energy, we would expect

Which of the following is an accurate description of the effects of zeitgebers on the body's internal clocks?

Which is the correct order of brain waves associated with the highest to lowest levels of alertness?

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

Exam 11: Sleep and Waking

Rolanda is studying for a quiz. She knows that #1 in this diagram is pointing to the

The origin of the SCN's rhythms may be

REM dreaming phenomena that precede actual sleep are known as

Research evidence suggests that

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) seems to be the result of atypical _____ functioning.

REM sleep can first be observed in humans

The brain waves typical of NREM sleep appear to be the result of

The free-running daily cycle of human beings is _________ hours long.

Research comparing rates of major depressive disorder with seasonal pattern in Canada and Iceland has demonstrated that

Paul has been working the night shift for a long time. He likely has

Cholinergic activity is high during wakefulness and REM sleep but lower during NREM sleep.

During an attack of cataplexy, the person

Acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the brain are high during _______________ sleep but lower during ______________ sleep.

Ryan's little brother frequently wakes up screaming a few hours after going to bed and complains about a "bear" sitting on him. It is likely that Ryan's brother is experiencing

The emotional quality of our dreams is most likely a result of the _________ during REM sleep.

Barbara suffers from multiple sclerosis, and one of her symptoms is severe insomnia. Her neurologist has decided to prescribe zolpidem (Ambien) but has a serious conversation with her about the potential side effects of taking the drug. Which of the following would NOT come up in this conversation?

If sleep is a way to preserve energy, we would expect

Which of the following is an accurate description of the effects of zeitgebers on the body's internal clocks?

Which is the correct order of brain waves associated with the highest to lowest levels of alertness?

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

Acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the brain are high during _ sleep but lower during sleep.