Exam 13: Social Cognition

Phineas Gage was a famous neurological patient who suffered damage to the orbitofrontal cortex.

The term theory of mind refers to

If a stroke patient was better at answering abstract conditional logic questions that evaluate rule violations than at answering equivalent logic questions that evaluate rule violations involving people, this would indicate that the person's stroke most likely had

What do mentalizing tasks have in common with attentional cuing tasks?

Which brain region is the most susceptible to coup-contrecoup injury?

Experimental economics research has often assumed that humans behave as rational agents, always making choices that will maximize gains and minimize losses. What is problematic about this assumption from a psychological or neuroscientific perspective?

When reading a series of statements such as "At the party, he was the first to start dancing on the table," the ________ is more active when making a personality inference as opposed to remembering the order of the statements.

Which of the following resulted in the significant personality changes observed in Phineas Gage?

In an experiment by William Kelley and colleagues (2002), participants judged personality adjectives in relation to either themselves or the U.S. president. The results suggested that memory for words processed in relation to the self was ________ than that for words processed in relation to the U.S. president, and that the former condition resulted in greater neural activity in the ________ cortex.

Autistic children are likely to report that ________ when performing the Sally-Anne task.

Phineas Gage, who suffered injury to the orbitofrontal cortex, experienced changes in all of the following areas as a result of his injury EXCEPT

The anterior cingulate cortex is important for distinguishing positive self-relevant information from negative self-relevant information.

The trolley problem described in your text has many variations. One of them goes as follows: "You are a surgeon and have five patients who each need a different organ transplant. No acceptable donor for any of them can be found, until one day a healthy traveler comes to your office and is the perfect donor for all five patients. Are there any circumstances under which it would be morally acceptable to kill this person to save the lives of five others?" Based on the study of Greene and colleagues, which areas of your brain did you likely use when thinking about this ethical dilemma?

Neuroimaging studies suggest that the medial prefrontal cortex activates more relative to a baseline when people make self-referential judgments than when they make other kinds of judgments.

Stanley Klein and colleagues (2002) found that after rating a personality adjective for self-descriptiveness, participants were ________ to recall a time in which they exhibited the characteristic, suggesting that self-characteristics ________ linked to recall of specific past behaviors.

To engage in joint attention, a child will pay attention to

Which of the following statements best characterizes our ability to modulate our empathic responses?

When deciding whether an adjective describes ________, we rely on ________.

Studies using fMRI have found that neural activity in the medial prefrontal cortex ________ when people make self-referential judgments compared to other judgments, suggesting that when we are "at rest" we are engaging in a number of self-referential processes.

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays a strong role in forming impressions about the internal states of other people.