Exam 19: Orthopedic Surgery

MATCHING Match the skeletal structure with its appropriate description. a.Ligaments b.Tendons c.Cartilage -Remodeling

A long bone fracture in a child can have devastating consequences in terms of the child's skeletal maturity and potential for limb shortening and malformation when the fracture line involves the:

Open reduction and internal fixation is a method of providing exposure of the fracture site and using pins,wire,screws,a plate and screw combination,rods,or nails to correct the fracture.Surgeons use open reduction and internal fixation when they are unable to reduce a fracture by closed methods and skeletal traction is not indicated.What would be an advantage for an open rather than a closed fracture reduction technique?

The rotator cuff consists of which group of muscles?

A cancellous bone graft consists of spongy bone usually taken from the anterior or posterior crest of the ilium.A cortical bone graft,consisting of hard,dense bone,is removed from the crest of the ilium or the tibia.Why is the ilium a desirable site for graft harvest? Select all that apply.

The term hammer toe is most often used to describe an abnormal flexion posture of the proximal interphalangeal joint of one of the four lesser toes.A bunion (hallux valgus)is a soft tissue or bony mass at the medial side of the first metatarsal head.Both of these deformity conditions of the feet share similar surgical positions,instrumentation for fixation,and recovery plans.What nursing consideration is also shared by both procedures?

Revision arthroplasty may be indicated if the patient's original knee replacement wears out or loosens,or fails as a result of repeated dislocation,infection,or trauma.Total joint revision can be a very demanding and complicated procedure.Attention to detail,anticipation,and preparation are essential.Following the induction of anesthesia,the surgeon performs an exam under anesthesia (EUA)to determine the approach.The most difficult aspect of revision surgery is that there is:

MATCHING Match the skeletal structure with its appropriate description. a.Ligaments b.Tendons c.Cartilage -Bands of dense connective tissue that hold bone to bone

The vertebral bodies are connected by several cartilaginous joints.What purpose does this connection enable?

Marissa Blanca,a 48-year-old woman with degenerative rheumatoid arthritis,is having a two-joint metacarpophalangeal implant of her left hand.The pneumatic tourniquet is applied to Marissa's upper left arm and has been inflated to 280 mm Hg for 38 minutes.The surgery is advancing as planned and the surgeon is preparing to insert the second implant.Celeste,the perioperative nurse circulator,has set the time threshold for 60 minutes.During her preoperative assessment with Marissa,she noted no contraindications to pneumatic tourniquet use.While the surgery is going well and Celeste is confident that the second implant will be inserted and the wound closed before the tourniquet alarms,what risk reduction strategy would be appropriate for Celeste to employ?

Before surgery,the perioperative nurse reviews the patient record,noting relevant aspects of the history and physical examination;the nature of the problem and its onset;and results of radiographic studies,laboratory data,and other findings.The nurse assesses the patient's range of motion,neurovascular status,and general condition.The patient's perception and understanding of the surgical procedure and postoperative rehabilitation is determined,and patient education is begun.Such activities reflect which important part of the nursing process?

An objective assessment of the patient's condition,in terms of assigning an appropriate preoperative surgical diagnosis and plan of care,would be obtained from:

Osteomalacia is a metabolic bone disease characterized by inadequate mineralization of bone,which leads to a reduced absorption of calcium and phosphorus.This malabsorptive condition is due to a deficiency of __ that can be treated by __.