Question 1

What happens if the right ventricular preload is increased too much?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cardiac output is optimized. 
B)  The myocardium loses efficiency. 
C)  Oxygen consumption decreases. 
D)  Deadspace ventilation increases. 
A)  The cardiac output is optimized. 
B)  The myocardium loses efficiency. 
C)  Oxygen consumption decreases. 
D)  Deadspace ventilation increases. B

Question 2

The thermistor on the pulmonary artery catheter at the thermistor lumen is used to measure the __________________

Accepted Answer

A)  central venous pressure. 
B)  dicrotic notch. 
C)  pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. 
D)  cardiac output. 
A)  central venous pressure. 
B)  dicrotic notch. 
C)  pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. 
D)  cardiac output. D

Question 3

The hemodynamic data are recorded from a pulmonary artery catheter on a patient who is being mechanically ventilated.
$ \begin{array}{lc}\text { Cardiac Output } & 6.0 \mathrm{~L} / \mathrm{min} \ \mathrm{PAP} & 44 / 22 \mathrm{mmHg} \ \text { PCWP } & 18 \mathrm{mmHg} \ \text { CVP } & 7 \mathrm{mmHg} \ \mathrm{HR} & 105 / \mathrm{min}\end{array} $
How would the practitioner interpret this data and what treatment should be recommended?

Accepted Answer

The data is normal except for the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP),central venous pressure (CVP),heart rate (HR),and the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP).The treatment should include the use of diuretics to reduce the intravascular fluid volume.High levels of oxygen or PEEP should also be included in the treatment since the high PCWP pulmonary edema has developed.

Question 4

Mixed venous samples are important clinically in that they are used to determine ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen consumption. 
B)  cardiac output. 
C)  the clinical shunt fraction. 
D)  a and c 
A)  oxygen consumption. 
B)  cardiac output. 
C)  the clinical shunt fraction. 
D)  a and c

Question 5

Once the pressure in the pulmonary artery equals the pressure in the right ventricle,the pulmonic valve closes,causing a small dip in the pressure tracing called the _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  central venous pressure. 
B)  diastolic pressure. 
C)  dicrotic notch. 
D)  pulmonary artery pressure. 
A)  central venous pressure. 
B)  diastolic pressure. 
C)  dicrotic notch. 
D)  pulmonary artery pressure.

Question 6

What is defined as a device that converts one form of energy to another?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transducer 
B)  Thermister 
C)  Phlebostatic axis 
D)  Catheter 
A)  Transducer 
B)  Thermister 
C)  Phlebostatic axis 
D)  Catheter

Question 7

During diastole when the ventricles are filling,the tricuspid valve is open,allowing the pressure in the right ventricle to be reflected back to the vena cava.Which law does this represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Starling's law 
B)  Pousieille's law 
C)  Dalton's law 
D)  Pascal's law 
A)  Starling's law 
B)  Pousieille's law 
C)  Dalton's law 
D)  Pascal's law

Question 8

Where in the vascular system does the distal tip of a central venous catheter rest when placed properly?

Accepted Answer

A)  Right ventricle or pulmonary artery 
B)  Vena cava or right atrium 
C)  Left ventricle or aorta 
D)  Right or left carotid artery 
A)  Right ventricle or pulmonary artery 
B)  Vena cava or right atrium 
C)  Left ventricle or aorta 
D)  Right or left carotid artery

Question 9

Common causes of increased pulmonary artery pressures include _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  left atrial failure. 
B)  left ventricular failure. 
C)  hypovolemia. 
D)  reduced venous return. 
A)  left atrial failure. 
B)  left ventricular failure. 
C)  hypovolemia. 
D)  reduced venous return.

Question 10

Where should the distal tip of the pulmonary artery catheter rest when properly placed in the vascular system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary artery 
B)  Vena cava or right atrium 
C)  Left ventricle 
D)  Coronary artery 
A)  Pulmonary artery 
B)  Vena cava or right atrium 
C)  Left ventricle 
D)  Coronary artery

Question 11

Hemodynamic monitoring provides important clinical information regarding all of the following EXCEPT___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cardiac preload and afterload 
B)  Blood pressure 
C)  Heart rate 
D)  Fluid volume 
A)  Cardiac preload and afterload 
B)  Blood pressure 
C)  Heart rate 
D)  Fluid volume

Question 12

What are the most commonly used veins or arteries for the insertion of a central venous catheter?
I.Antecubital fossa
II.Basilic vein
III.Internal jugular vein
IV.Subclavian vein

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, III, and IV 
B)  III and IV 
C)  I and II 
D)  I, III, and IV 
A)  I, II, III, and IV 
B)  III and IV 
C)  I and II 
D)  I, III, and IV

Question 13

Increased pulmonary artery pressure can be caused by: I.Hypervolemia
II.Left ventricular failure
III.Mitral stenosis

Accepted Answer

A)  I only 
B)  II and III only 
C)  I and II only 
D)  I, II, and III 
A)  I only 
B)  II and III only 
C)  I and II only 
D)  I, II, and III

Question 14

PEEP _________________________________

Accepted Answer

A)  increases the PCWP reading. 
B)  Increases the CVP reading. 
C)  increases cardiac output. 
D)  increases the CVP and PCWP reading. 
A)  increases the PCWP reading. 
B)  Increases the CVP reading. 
C)  increases cardiac output. 
D)  increases the CVP and PCWP reading.

Question 15

What are the 2 main concepts in Pascal's law?
I.Cardiac output = stroke volume X rate.
II.The pressure of a fluid in a closed container is equal at all points within the container.
III.The pressure acts perpendicularly against the walls of the container.
IV.The pressure of the systemic vessels is proportional to the viscosity of the fluid.

Accepted Answer

A)  II and IV 
B)  I and III 
C)  I and IV 
D)  II and III 
A)  II and IV 
B)  I and III 
C)  I and IV 
D)  II and III

Question 16

Normal pulmonary artery wedge pressure is ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  6-12 mmHg 
B)  10-22 mmHg 
C)  0-6 mmHg 
D)  80-120 mmHg 
A)  6-12 mmHg 
B)  10-22 mmHg 
C)  0-6 mmHg 
D)  80-120 mmHg

Question 17

Normal mean pulmonary artery pressure is _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  6-12 mmHg 
B)  10-22 mmHg 
C)  0-6 mmHg 
D)  80-120 mmHg 
A)  6-12 mmHg 
B)  10-22 mmHg 
C)  0-6 mmHg 
D)  80-120 mmHg

Question 18

The hemodynamic data are recorded from a pulmonary artery catheter on a patient who is being mechanically ventilated.
$ \begin{array}{lc}\text { Cardiac Output } & 2.5 \mathrm{~L} / \mathrm{min} \ \text { PAP } & 22 / 10 \mathrm{mmHg} \ \text { PCWP } & 2 \mathrm{mmHg} \ \text { CVP } & 1 \mathrm{mmHg} \ \text { HR } & 125 / \mathrm{min}\end{array} $
How should the practitioner interpret this data and what treatment should be recommended?

Accepted Answer

The cardiac output (Qt)is low,the pulmon

Question 19

When should the pulmonary artery pressure be measured?

Accepted Answer

A)  Measured at end diastole 
B)  Measured during systole 
C)  Measured at end exhalation 
D)  Measured during a premature ventricular contraction 
A)  Measured at end diastole 
B)  Measured during systole 
C)  Measured at end exhalation 
D)  Measured during a premature ventricular contraction

Question 20

The pulmonary artery should always be measured _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  at end diastole. 
B)  during systole. 
C)  during a premature ventricular contraction. 
D)  at end exhalation. 
A)  at end diastole. 
B)  during systole. 
C)  during a premature ventricular contraction. 
D)  at end exhalation.

Exam 9: Hemodynamic Monitoring

What happens if the right ventricular preload is increased too much?

The thermistor on the pulmonary artery catheter at the thermistor lumen is used to measure the __________________

The hemodynamic data are recorded from a pulmonary artery catheter on a patient who is being mechanically ventilated. Cardiac Output 6.0/ 44/22 PCWP 18 CVP 7 105/ How would the practitioner interpret this data and what treatment should be recommended?

Mixed venous samples are important clinically in that they are used to determine ______________

Once the pressure in the pulmonary artery equals the pressure in the right ventricle,the pulmonic valve closes,causing a small dip in the pressure tracing called the _____________.

What is defined as a device that converts one form of energy to another?

During diastole when the ventricles are filling,the tricuspid valve is open,allowing the pressure in the right ventricle to be reflected back to the vena cava.Which law does this represent?

Where in the vascular system does the distal tip of a central venous catheter rest when placed properly?

Common causes of increased pulmonary artery pressures include _________________.

Where should the distal tip of the pulmonary artery catheter rest when properly placed in the vascular system?

Hemodynamic monitoring provides important clinical information regarding all of the following EXCEPT___________.

What are the most commonly used veins or arteries for the insertion of a central venous catheter? I.Antecubital fossa II.Basilic vein III.Internal jugular vein IV.Subclavian vein

Increased pulmonary artery pressure can be caused by: I.Hypervolemia II.Left ventricular failure III.Mitral stenosis

PEEP _________________________________

Normal pulmonary artery wedge pressure is ______________.

Normal mean pulmonary artery pressure is _________________.

The hemodynamic data are recorded from a pulmonary artery catheter on a patient who is being mechanically ventilated. Cardiac Output 2.5/ PAP 22/10 PCWP 2 CVP 1 HR 125/ How should the practitioner interpret this data and what treatment should be recommended?

When should the pulmonary artery pressure be measured?

The pulmonary artery should always be measured _____________.

Basics of Asepsis

Basic Patient Assessment: Vital Signs and Breath Sounds

Advanced Patient Assessment: Inspection, Palpation, and Percussion

Radiologic Assessment

Pulmonary Function Testing

Electrocardiography

Phlebotomy

Arterial Blood Gas Sampling

Noninvasive Monitoring

Documentation and Goals Assessment

Oxygen Supply Systems

Oxygen Administration

Introduction to Respiratory Care Pharmacology

Humidity and Aerosol Therapy

Bronchial Hygiene Therapy

Hyperinflation Therapy

Bronchoscopy Assisting

Equipment Processing and Surveillance

Emergency Airway Management

Artificial Airway Care

Chest Tubes

Insertion and Maintenance of Intravenous Lines

Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation

Continuous Mechanical Ventilation

Advanced Modes of Mechanical Ventilation

Wave Form Analysis

Weaning and Discontinuance of Mechanical Ventilation

Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation

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