Question 1

The most common cause of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients is:

Accepted Answer

A)  sepsis. 
B)  fluid overload. 
C)  medications. 
D)  hemodynamic instability. 
A)  sepsis. 
B)  fluid overload. 
C)  medications. 
D)  hemodynamic instability.

Question 2

The patient is in need of immediate hemodialysis,but has no vascular access.The nurse prepares the patient for insertion of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a percutaneous catheter at the bedside. 
B)  a percutaneous tunneled catheter at the bedside. 
C)  an arteriovenous fistula. 
D)  an arteriovenous graft. 
A)  a percutaneous catheter at the bedside. 
B)  a percutaneous tunneled catheter at the bedside. 
C)  an arteriovenous fistula. 
D)  an arteriovenous graft.

Question 3

A normal glomerular filtration rate is:

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 80 mL/min. 
B)  80 to 125 mL/min 
C)  125 to 180 mL/min 
D)  more than 189 mL/min 
A)  less than 80 mL/min. 
B)  80 to 125 mL/min 
C)  125 to 180 mL/min 
D)  more than 189 mL/min

Question 4

The most common reasons for initiating dialysis in acute kidney injury include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Acidosis 
B)  Hypokalemia 
C)  Volume overload 
D)  Hyperkalemia 
E)  Uremia 
A)  Acidosis 
B)  Hypokalemia 
C)  Volume overload 
D)  Hyperkalemia 
E)  Uremia

Question 5

In calculating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)results for women,the creatinine clearance is usually:

Accepted Answer

A)  the same as for men. 
B)  greater than that for men. 
C)  multiplied by 0.85. 
D)  multiplied by 1.15. 
A)  the same as for men. 
B)  greater than that for men. 
C)  multiplied by 0.85. 
D)  multiplied by 1.15.

Question 6

A normal urine output is considered to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  80 to 125 mL/min. 
B)  180 L/day. 
C)  80 mL/min. 
D)  1 to 2 L/day. 
A)  80 to 125 mL/min. 
B)  180 L/day. 
C)  80 mL/min. 
D)  1 to 2 L/day.

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a temporary percutaneous dialysis catheter in place.In caring for this patient,the nurse should:

Accepted Answer

A)  apply a sterile gauze dressing to maintain sterility. 
B)  replace the transparent dressing every 10 days to prevent manipulation. 
C)  assess the catheter site for redness and/or swelling. 
D)  use the catheter for drawing blood samples to reduce patient discomfort. 
A)  apply a sterile gauze dressing to maintain sterility. 
B)  replace the transparent dressing every 10 days to prevent manipulation. 
C)  assess the catheter site for redness and/or swelling. 
D)  use the catheter for drawing blood samples to reduce patient discomfort.

Question 8

The nurse is assessing a patient with a new arteriovenous fistula,but does not hear a bruit or feel a thrill.Pulses distal to the fistula are not palpable.The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

A)  reassess the patient in an hour. 
B)  raise the arm above the level of the patient's heart. 
C)  notify the provider immediately. 
D)  apply warm packs to the fistula site and reassess. 
A)  reassess the patient in an hour. 
B)  raise the arm above the level of the patient's heart. 
C)  notify the provider immediately. 
D)  apply warm packs to the fistula site and reassess.

Question 9

The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone major abdominal surgery.The nurse notices that the patient's urine output has been less than 20 mL/hour for the past 2 hours.It is 0200 in the morning.The patient's blood pressure is 100/60 mm Hg,and the pulse is 110 beats per minute.Previously,the pulse was 90 beats per minute with a blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg.The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

A)  contact the provider and expect an order for a normal saline bolus. 
B)  wait until 0900 when the provider makes rounds to report the assessment findings. 
C)  continue to evaluate urine output for 2 more hours. 
D)  ignore the urine output, as this is most likely postrenal in origin. 
A)  contact the provider and expect an order for a normal saline bolus. 
B)  wait until 0900 when the provider makes rounds to report the assessment findings. 
C)  continue to evaluate urine output for 2 more hours. 
D)  ignore the urine output, as this is most likely postrenal in origin.

Question 10

Daily weights are being recorded for the patient.His urine output has been less than his intravenous and oral intake.His weight yesterday was 97.5 kg.This morning it is 99 kg.The nurse understands that this corresponds to a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid retention of 1.5 liters. 
B)  fluid loss of 1.5 liters. 
C)  equal intake and output due to insensible losses. 
D)  fluid loss of 0.5 liters. 
A)  fluid retention of 1.5 liters. 
B)  fluid loss of 1.5 liters. 
C)  equal intake and output due to insensible losses. 
D)  fluid loss of 0.5 liters.

The most common cause of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients is:

The patient is in need of immediate hemodialysis,but has no vascular access.The nurse prepares the patient for insertion of:

A normal glomerular filtration rate is:

The most common reasons for initiating dialysis in acute kidney injury include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

In calculating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)results for women,the creatinine clearance is usually:

A normal urine output is considered to be:

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a temporary percutaneous dialysis catheter in place.In caring for this patient,the nurse should:

The nurse is assessing a patient with a new arteriovenous fistula,but does not hear a bruit or feel a thrill.Pulses distal to the fistula are not palpable.The nurse should:

Daily weights are being recorded for the patient.His urine output has been less than his intravenous and oral intake.His weight yesterday was 97.5 kg.This morning it is 99 kg.The nurse understands that this corresponds to a(n):

Overview of Critical Care Nursing

Patient and Family Response to the Critical Care Experience

Ethical and Legal Issues in Critical Care Nursing

End-Of-Life Care in the Critical Care Unit

Comfort and Sedation

Nutritional Support

Dysrhythmia Interpretation and Management

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Ventilatory Assistance

Rapid Response Teams and Code Management

Shock, sepsis, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

Cardiovascular Alterations

Nervous System Alterations

Acute Respiratory Failure

Hematological and Immune Disorders

Gastrointestinal Alterations

Endocrine Alterations

Trauma and Surgical Management

Burns

Solid Organ Transplantation

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Exam 15: Acute Kidney Injury

The most common cause of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients is:

The patient is in need of immediate hemodialysis,but has no vascular access.The nurse prepares the patient for insertion of:

A normal glomerular filtration rate is:

The most common reasons for initiating dialysis in acute kidney injury include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

In calculating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)results for women,the creatinine clearance is usually:

A normal urine output is considered to be:

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a temporary percutaneous dialysis catheter in place.In caring for this patient,the nurse should:

The nurse is assessing a patient with a new arteriovenous fistula,but does not hear a bruit or feel a thrill.Pulses distal to the fistula are not palpable.The nurse should:

Daily weights are being recorded for the patient.His urine output has been less than his intravenous and oral intake.His weight yesterday was 97.5 kg.This morning it is 99 kg.The nurse understands that this corresponds to a(n):

Overview of Critical Care Nursing

Patient and Family Response to the Critical Care Experience

Ethical and Legal Issues in Critical Care Nursing

End-Of-Life Care in the Critical Care Unit

Comfort and Sedation

Nutritional Support

Dysrhythmia Interpretation and Management

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Ventilatory Assistance

Rapid Response Teams and Code Management

Shock, sepsis, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

Cardiovascular Alterations

Nervous System Alterations

Acute Respiratory Failure

Hematological and Immune Disorders

Gastrointestinal Alterations

Endocrine Alterations

Trauma and Surgical Management

Burns

Solid Organ Transplantation

Filters