Exam 14: Juvenile Justice

The range of behaviors that are considered status offenses varies greatly among the states.

A __________ is a long-term non-secure facility that allows juveniles to attend school and maintain employment in the community.

A __________ is a short-term secure facility that holds juveniles awaiting adjudication,disposition,or placement in an institution.

The adjudication process for juveniles is a less complicated than it is for adults because a juvenile can be dealt with in less ways than an adult.

__________ have not been very useful in the study of juvenile delinquency.This is because most delinquent acts are victimless crimes

__________ are undesirable behaviors that are unlawful only for juveniles,including habitual truancy,curfew violations,repeated running away,and ungovernability or incorrigibility in failing to respond to the reasonable requests of parents.

A training school is a long-term secure facility for adjudicated juveniles.

The disposition hearing in juvenile court is analogous to a sentencing hearing in criminal court.It is here that the judge determines the best way to resolve the case.

"___________" from juvenile to adult court are often based entirely on the nature of the crime charged.If the crime is serious enough,juveniles are very likely to be tried and punished as adults,regardless of the juvenile's age.

A juvenile is typically held in __________ whereas an adult is typically held in a jail.

Comparisons of self-report surveys and official statistics provide information about the types of juveniles who engage in delinquency.Although official statistics indicate that males engage in delinquency at a rate of four to eight times that of females,self-reports have shown the actual rate of male offenses to be only about twice the female rate (depending on the crime).Why do you think this disparity exists?

A constitutional provision that a person cannot be criminally prosecuted twice for the same offense is called __________.

A _________ is a short-term non-secure facility that operates like a detention center but within a physically unrestricted environment.

The Supreme Court's decision in the In re Winship case was not unanimous,however,because of differing views regarding the philosophy and purpose of the juvenile court.Justice Harlan,for example,hoped that the higher burden of proof would not impede the rehabilitative functions of the juvenile court.He hoped that procedural constraints in juvenile court hearings would not __________.

Searches of students in public schools are justified when there are "__________" that evidence will be found of violations of law or school rules.

The use of the death penalty for juveniles was clarified in 2005 in Roper v.Simmons,when the Supreme Court held that the Eighth Amendment prohibits imposition of the death penalty for crimes committed when offenders are under eighteen years of age.

A ranch,forestry camp,or farm is a long-term non-secure setting for juvenile offenders.

The typical juvenile delinquent is serving time for a __________ crime.

Secure facilities are characterized by __________ and the movement of juveniles within the institution is monitored closely.

A decreasing number of delinquents are being placed in institutions or other residential facilities for juveniles.