Exam 2: Business Ethics

Through his observation of human behavior, psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg developed a model of moral development.Describe the stages of moral development that were studied and developed by Kohlberg and the relevance of this model for ethical business behavior.

An ethical relativist looks to a central authority, such as the Bible, to guide her in ethical decision making.

Nineteen-year-old Martin was raised in a good, Christian home and attended parochial school through eighth grade.Martin is a good student and citizen who conforms to the expectations of his church, family, and peers.He does so because he loves his family and church, is loyal to them, and trusts them.Under Kohlberg's schematic analysis, Martin is most likely at what stage of moral development?

Which of the following is a common criticism of ethical relativism?

The "Television Test" is a test that is generally rejected by adherents of intuitionism.

How does Immanuel Kant's approach to ethical decision-making differ from that of an ethical fundamentalist?

An auto designer chooses to devote his efforts to design an automobile that is the safest vehicle possible.He does so because he wishes to save lives and prevent disabling injuries.He believes he and his employer have a duty to provide the public with the safest possible vehicle.The designer's approach to ethical decision-making is best characterized as:

Ethics can be defined broadly as the study of what is good or right for human beings.

A factor demanding the ethical and social responsibility of business is:

Compare the social ethics theories of distributive justice, libertarianism, and Marxism.How are they alike? How are they different? Explain your answer.

Is telling a lie unethical? Analyze whether telling a lie is unethical in terms of each of the following ethical theories. a.The deontological approach. b.Utilitarianism. c.Intuitionism and the "Television Test." d.Ethical relativism. e.Ethical fundamentalism.

To a libertarian, it is not unjust for some people to accumulate fortunes while others live in poverty.

True cost-benefit analysis as a social theory:

Like legal analyses, analyses of ethics have a central authority and follow clear-cut, universal standards.

Harvard philosopher, Robert Nozick, stressed liberty, not justice, as the most important obligation that society owes its members.

Social egalitarians believe:

In a classic study published in 1932, Adolf Berle and Gardner Means concluded that great amounts of economic power had been:

How many stages are there in Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development?

To a libertarian, it is unjust for a society to take wealth earned by one citizen and to distribute it to others who did not earn it.

Which arguments oppose business involvement in socially responsible activities?