Question 1

The posterior hypothalamus helps control temperature by

Accepted Answer

A)  Causing vasoconstriction. 
B)  Shunting blood to the skin and extremities. 
C)  Increasing sweat production. 
D)  Causing vasodilation. 
A)  Causing vasoconstriction. 
B)  Shunting blood to the skin and extremities. 
C)  Increasing sweat production. 
D)  Causing vasodilation. A

Question 2

Of the following mechanisms of heat loss by the body,identify the mechanism that transfers heat away by using air movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Radiation 
B)  Conduction 
C)  Convection 
D)  Evaporation 
A)  Radiation 
B)  Conduction 
C)  Convection 
D)  Evaporation C

Question 3

The thickness or viscosity of the blood affects the ease with which blood flows through small vessels.The nurse examines what value,which might help determine the amount of blood viscosity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hematocrit 
B)  Cardiac output 
C)  Arterial size 
D)  Blood volume 
A)  Hematocrit 
B)  Cardiac output 
C)  Arterial size 
D)  Blood volume A

Question 4

When focusing on temperature regulation of newborns and infants,the nurse understands that

Accepted Answer

A)  Temperatures are basically the same for infants and older adults. 
B)  Infants have well-developed temperature-regulating mechanisms. 
C)  The normal temperature range gradually increases as the person ages. 
D)  Newborns need to wear a cap to prevent heat loss. 
A)  Temperatures are basically the same for infants and older adults. 
B)  Infants have well-developed temperature-regulating mechanisms. 
C)  The normal temperature range gradually increases as the person ages. 
D)  Newborns need to wear a cap to prevent heat loss.

Question 5

The patient is admitted with shortness of breath and chest discomfort.Which of the following laboratory values could account for the patient's symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemoglobin level of 8.0 
B)  Hematocrit level of 45% 
C)  Red blood cell count of 5.0 million/mm3 
D)  Pulse oximetry of 90% 
A)  Hemoglobin level of 8.0 
B)  Hematocrit level of 45% 
C)  Red blood cell count of 5.0 million/mm3 
D)  Pulse oximetry of 90%

Question 6

The patient requires routine temperature assessment but is confused and easily agitated and has a history of seizures.The nurse's best option would be to take his temperature

Accepted Answer

A)  Orally. 
B)  Tympanically. 
C)  Rectally. 
D)  By the axillary method. 
A)  Orally. 
B)  Tympanically. 
C)  Rectally. 
D)  By the axillary method.

Question 7

One benefit of using a stationary automatic blood pressure device is that the cuff

Accepted Answer

A)  Fits over clothing. 
B)  Is extremely reliable. 
C)  Is the method of choice for irregular heart rhythms. 
D)  Is more reliable when pressure is less than 90 mm Hg systolic. 
A)  Fits over clothing. 
B)  Is extremely reliable. 
C)  Is the method of choice for irregular heart rhythms. 
D)  Is more reliable when pressure is less than 90 mm Hg systolic.

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a patient who is being discharged from the hospital after being treated for hypertension.The patient is instructed to take his blood pressure three times a day and to keep a record of the readings.The nurse recommends that the patient purchase a portable electronic blood pressure device.The nurse also instructs the patient that the

Accepted Answer

A)  Patient can apply the cuff in any manner he chooses because the machine is designed to be used by nonprofessionals. 
B)  Machine requires frequent calibration to ensure accuracy. 
C)  Cuff can be placed over clothing if necessary. 
D)  Machine is accurate when blood pressures are low. 
A)  Patient can apply the cuff in any manner he chooses because the machine is designed to be used by nonprofessionals. 
B)  Machine requires frequent calibration to ensure accuracy. 
C)  Cuff can be placed over clothing if necessary. 
D)  Machine is accurate when blood pressures are low.

Question 9

The nurse is caring for a patient who has an elevated temperature.The nurse understands that

Accepted Answer

A)  Fever and hyperthermia are the same thing. 
B)  Hyperthermia occurs when the body cannot reduce heat loss. 
C)  Hyperthermia is an upward shift in the set point. 
D)  Hyperthermia occurs when the body cannot reduce heat production. 
A)  Fever and hyperthermia are the same thing. 
B)  Hyperthermia occurs when the body cannot reduce heat loss. 
C)  Hyperthermia is an upward shift in the set point. 
D)  Hyperthermia occurs when the body cannot reduce heat production.

Question 10

The nurse is assessing the patient and his family for probable familial causes of the patient's hypertension.The nurse begins by analyzing the patient's personal history,as well as family history and current lifestyle situation.Which of the following issues would be considered risk factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Obesity 
B)  Cigarette smoking 
C)  Recent weight loss 
D)  Heavy alcohol consumption 
E)  Low blood cholesterol levels 
A)  Obesity 
B)  Cigarette smoking 
C)  Recent weight loss 
D)  Heavy alcohol consumption 
E)  Low blood cholesterol levels

Question 11

When taking the pulse of an infant,the nurse notices that the rate is 145 beats/min and the rhythm is regular.The nurse realizes that his rate is

Accepted Answer

A)  Normal for an infant. 
B)  The proper rate for a toddler. 
C)  Too slow for an infant. 
D)  The same as that of a normal adult. 
A)  Normal for an infant. 
B)  The proper rate for a toddler. 
C)  Too slow for an infant. 
D)  The same as that of a normal adult.

Question 12

The nurse is caring for a patient who complains of feeling light-headed and "woozy." The nurse checks the patient's pulse and finds that it is irregular.The patient's blood pressure is 100/72.It was 113/80 an hour earlier.What should the nurse do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Call the physician immediately. 
B)  Perform an apical/radial pulse assessment. 
C)  Apply more pressure to the radial artery to assess the pulse. 
D)  Use his thumb to detect the patient's pulse. 
A)  Call the physician immediately. 
B)  Perform an apical/radial pulse assessment. 
C)  Apply more pressure to the radial artery to assess the pulse. 
D)  Use his thumb to detect the patient's pulse.

Question 13

Which artery is the most appropriate for assessing the pulse of a small child?

Accepted Answer

A)  Radial 
B)  Femoral 
C)  Brachial 
D)  Ulnar 
A)  Radial 
B)  Femoral 
C)  Brachial 
D)  Ulnar

Question 14

The patient is being encouraged to purchase a portable automatic blood pressure device so he can monitor his own blood pressure at home.What are some of the benefits of this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood pressures can be obtained if pulse rates become irregular. 
B)  Patients can provide information about patterns to health care providers. 
C)  Patients can actively participate in their treatment. 
D)  Self-monitoring helps with compliance and treatment. 
E)  The risk of obtaining an inaccurate reading is decreased. 
A)  Blood pressures can be obtained if pulse rates become irregular. 
B)  Patients can provide information about patterns to health care providers. 
C)  Patients can actively participate in their treatment. 
D)  Self-monitoring helps with compliance and treatment. 
E)  The risk of obtaining an inaccurate reading is decreased.

Question 15

Of the following sites,which are used for obtaining a core temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oral 
B)  Rectal 
C)  Tympanic 
D)  Axillary 
E)  Pulmonary artery 
A)  Oral 
B)  Rectal 
C)  Tympanic 
D)  Axillary 
E)  Pulmonary artery

Question 16

The nursing assistive person is taking vital signs and reports that a patient's blood pressure is abnormally low.The nurse should

Accepted Answer

A)  Have the nursing assistive person retake the blood pressure. 
B)  Ignore the report and have it rechecked at the next scheduled time. 
C)  Retake the blood pressure herself and assess the patient's condition. 
D)  Have the nursing assistive person assess the patient's other vital signs. 
A)  Have the nursing assistive person retake the blood pressure. 
B)  Ignore the report and have it rechecked at the next scheduled time. 
C)  Retake the blood pressure herself and assess the patient's condition. 
D)  Have the nursing assistive person assess the patient's other vital signs.

Question 17

A nurse is caring for a patient who smokes and drinks caffeine.Which point is important for the nurse to understand before she assesses the patient's blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neither caffeine nor smoking affects blood pressure. 
B)  She needs to insist that the patient stop smoking for at least 3 hours. 
C)  The nurse should have the patient perform mild exercises. 
D)  Caffeine and smoking can cause false BP elevations. 
A)  Neither caffeine nor smoking affects blood pressure. 
B)  She needs to insist that the patient stop smoking for at least 3 hours. 
C)  The nurse should have the patient perform mild exercises. 
D)  Caffeine and smoking can cause false BP elevations.

Question 18

The physician order reads "Lopressor (metoprolol)50 mg PO daily.Do not give if blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg systolic." The patient's blood pressure is 92/66.The nurse does not give the medication and

Accepted Answer

A)  Does not tell the patient what the blood pressure is. 
B)  Documents only what the blood pressure was. 
C)  Documents that the medication was not given owing to low blood pressure. 
D)  Does not need to inform the health care provider that the medication was held. 
A)  Does not tell the patient what the blood pressure is. 
B)  Documents only what the blood pressure was. 
C)  Documents that the medication was not given owing to low blood pressure. 
D)  Does not need to inform the health care provider that the medication was held.

Question 19

The nurse is caring for an infant and is obtaining the patient's vital signs.The best site for the nurse to obtain the infant's pulse would be the _____ artery.

Accepted Answer

A)  Radial 
B)  Brachial 
C)  Femoral 
D)  Popliteal 
A)  Radial 
B)  Brachial 
C)  Femoral 
D)  Popliteal

Question 20

The patient's blood pressure is 140/60.The nurse realizes that this equates to a pulse pressure of

Accepted Answer

A)  140. 
B)  60. 
C)  80. 
D)  200. 
A)  140. 
B)  60. 
C)  80. 
D)  200.

Exam 77: Vital Signs

The posterior hypothalamus helps control temperature by

Of the following mechanisms of heat loss by the body,identify the mechanism that transfers heat away by using air movement?

The thickness or viscosity of the blood affects the ease with which blood flows through small vessels.The nurse examines what value,which might help determine the amount of blood viscosity?

When focusing on temperature regulation of newborns and infants,the nurse understands that

The patient is admitted with shortness of breath and chest discomfort.Which of the following laboratory values could account for the patient's symptoms?

The patient requires routine temperature assessment but is confused and easily agitated and has a history of seizures.The nurse's best option would be to take his temperature

One benefit of using a stationary automatic blood pressure device is that the cuff

The nurse is caring for a patient who has an elevated temperature.The nurse understands that

The nurse is assessing the patient and his family for probable familial causes of the patient's hypertension.The nurse begins by analyzing the patient's personal history,as well as family history and current lifestyle situation.Which of the following issues would be considered risk factors?

When taking the pulse of an infant,the nurse notices that the rate is 145 beats/min and the rhythm is regular.The nurse realizes that his rate is

The nurse is caring for a patient who complains of feeling light-headed and "woozy." The nurse checks the patient's pulse and finds that it is irregular.The patient's blood pressure is 100/72.It was 113/80 an hour earlier.What should the nurse do?

Which artery is the most appropriate for assessing the pulse of a small child?

The patient is being encouraged to purchase a portable automatic blood pressure device so he can monitor his own blood pressure at home.What are some of the benefits of this?

Of the following sites,which are used for obtaining a core temperature?

The nursing assistive person is taking vital signs and reports that a patient's blood pressure is abnormally low.The nurse should

A nurse is caring for a patient who smokes and drinks caffeine.Which point is important for the nurse to understand before she assesses the patient's blood pressure?

The physician order reads "Lopressor (metoprolol)50 mg PO daily.Do not give if blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg systolic." The patient's blood pressure is 92/66.The nurse does not give the medication and

The nurse is caring for an infant and is obtaining the patient's vital signs.The best site for the nurse to obtain the infant's pulse would be the _____ artery.

The patient's blood pressure is 140/60.The nurse realizes that this equates to a pulse pressure of

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