Exam 5: Civil Rights

What are the strict scrutiny standard and the rational basis (or minimum rationality)standard? What sort of classification would cause the Supreme Court to apply each standard to determine if a discriminatory law is constitutionally permissible? Under what circumstances would it apply an intermediate standard? Give an example of a law that would be subject to each standard of review.Do you agree with this three-tiered approach? Why or why not?

Which of the following dissuaded some states from ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment?

How has the Equal Rights Amendment affected women's civil rights?

The admissions office at a public university could likely establish a permissible affirmative action policy that awards minority applicants by bumping up their SAT score by 100 points.

What were Black Codes?

The federal government has mismanaged trust funds related to American Indian lands.

In the 1970s,which of the following critiques were given by opponents of the Equal Rights Amendment?

If you thought you were getting an inferior public education because of your ethnicity,which part of the Constitution would you rely on most heavily to justify your case?

What was Reconstruction? How did its ending open the door for the adoption of Jim Crow laws?

Which of the following books helped inspire abolitionists?

The __________ Amendment guarantees African Americans the right to vote.

Outline an affirmative action program for public university admissions that would pass constitutional muster.

Which of the following arguments would most likely be made by an opponent of affirmative action policies?

Critics argue that the Supreme Court's decision in Korematsu v.U.S.infringed on the civil rights of __________.

What did the Supreme Court decide in Korematsu v.U.S.? What was the basis for its decision? Do you think the Court correctly interpreted the Constitution in this case? Why or why not?

Even though the Hispanic population is fairly small,they earned their civil rights earlier and more completely than did African Americans.

The NAACP is most likely to fight to reduce which of the following?

Gender classifications are evaluated by the Supreme Court using the strict scrutiny standard,which determines whether the classification is necessary to accomplish a permissible state goal and whether that is the least restrictive way to reach the goal.

Why did southern states enact poll taxes?

In 2013,the Supreme Court overturned the federal Defense of Marriage Act,which had defined marriage as between one man and one woman.