Exam 3: Biological Processes

Todd and Lisa were walking down a dark street late one night when two dangerous- looking individuals suddenly emerged from an alleyway.Both Todd and Lisa felt their stomachs tighten and their hearts start to pound.These whole-body reactions were created because the hypothalamus signaled their endocrine systems to release:

After four hours of running in a marathon, Hyacinth was completely exhausted and every muscle in her legs ached.She didn't think she could continue, but then she felt a sudden rush of relief as all her muscle aches seemed to disappear.This "runner's high" that Hyacinth experienced was most likely the result of her brain triggering the release of:

An individual's phenotype:

Drugs that produce effects that mimic the action of specific neurotransmitters are called:

Describe how researchers use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) to understand the brain.What does each technique allow the researcher to learn about brain function? Is one technique better than the other? If so, please explain.

When levels of testosterone in the bloodstream increase, performance on:

When sodium ions flow into the neuron:

The tiny electrical charge that exists when a neuron is neither receiving nor sending information is called:

Individuals with Parkinson's disease are sometimes given the drug L-Dopa which decreases the symptoms of the disease by increasing levels of:

Damage to mirror neurons may be partly responsible for:

Afferent nerve pathways:

Some drugs, called ____________________, serve to block or oppose the action of neurotransmitters.

In the body, the ____________________ system consists of nerves that transmit sensory information toward the brain.

An action potential jumps across the axon in a process called:

In the body, the term ____________________ refers to the brain and the spinal cord.

The process that occurs whenever a neuron's electrical potential becomes even more negative is called:

Both sodium and potassium ions:

Computerized tomography scans (CT scans) are used to:

When identical twins are raised together in the same home, and they show different susceptibilities to a given psychological disorder, it indicates that:

Neurons that become active when watching another person perform a behavior are called ____________________.