Question 1

Amacrine and ________ cells facilitate or inhibit communication between photoreceptors and ganglion cells.

Accepted Answer

A) bipolar 
B) ganglion 
C) nuclear 
D) hair 
E) horizontal 
A) bipolar 
B) ganglion 
C) nuclear 
D) hair 
E) horizontal

Question 2

Which of the following produces a lipid-rich secretion that prevents the upper and lower eyelids from sticking together at their edges?

Accepted Answer

A) palpebra 
B) lacrimal caruncle 
C) chalazion 
D) tarsal gland 
E) conjunctiva 
A) palpebra 
B) lacrimal caruncle 
C) chalazion 
D) tarsal gland 
E) conjunctiva

Question 3

Trace the pathway of a nerve impulse from the eye to the cortex.

Accepted Answer

ganglion cell → optic nerve (c

Question 4

The senses of equilibrium and hearing are provided by receptors in the

Accepted Answer

A) membranous endolymph. 
B) organ of Schlemm. 
C) Organ of Corti. 
D) bony labyrinth. 
E) perilymph. 
A) membranous endolymph. 
B) organ of Schlemm. 
C) Organ of Corti. 
D) bony labyrinth. 
E) perilymph.

Question 5

Figure 17-2 The Ear
Use Figure 17-2 to answer the following questions:
-Which structure is known as the vestibule?

Accepted Answer

A) 6 
B) 8 
C) 9 
D) 10 
E) 11 
A) 6 
B) 8 
C) 9 
D) 10 
E) 11

Question 6

The auditory ossicles connect the

Accepted Answer

A) tympanic membrane to the oval window. 
B) tympanic membrane to the round window. 
C) oval window to the round window. 
D) stapedius to the tympanic membrane. 
E) otitis to the media. 
A) tympanic membrane to the oval window. 
B) tympanic membrane to the round window. 
C) oval window to the round window. 
D) stapedius to the tympanic membrane. 
E) otitis to the media.

Question 7

A typical gustatory cell survives for only about ________ day(s)before it is replaced.

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 1 
C) 60 
D) 30 
E) 365 
A) 10 
B) 1 
C) 60 
D) 30 
E) 365

Question 8

When light encounters a medium of different density,it is

Accepted Answer

A) refracted. 
B) diffracted. 
C) reflected. 
D) angled. 
E) absorbed. 
A) refracted. 
B) diffracted. 
C) reflected. 
D) angled. 
E) absorbed.

Question 9

The ________ is a region of dense bone that surrounds and protects the membranous labyrinth.

Accepted Answer

A) sella turcica 
B) ossicle 
C) auditory canal 
D) membranous labyrinth 
E) bony labyrinth 
A) sella turcica 
B) ossicle 
C) auditory canal 
D) membranous labyrinth 
E) bony labyrinth

Question 10

Olfactory organs are located in the nasal cavity inferior to the perforated bony structure known as the

Accepted Answer

A) cribriform plate. 
B) sphenoid bone. 
C) sella turcica. 
D) vomer. 
E) zygomatic process. 
A) cribriform plate. 
B) sphenoid bone. 
C) sella turcica. 
D) vomer. 
E) zygomatic process.

Question 11

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term otoliths?

Accepted Answer

A) move up and down when the stapes moves back and forth 
B) transmit movement of the tympanic membrane to the inner ear 
C) bending these produces receptor potential in hair cells 
D) tiny weights necessary for the static sense of equilibrium 
E) seal the oval window 
A) move up and down when the stapes moves back and forth 
B) transmit movement of the tympanic membrane to the inner ear 
C) bending these produces receptor potential in hair cells 
D) tiny weights necessary for the static sense of equilibrium 
E) seal the oval window

Question 12

A young child has been diagnosed with a recessive hereditary disease that results in destruction of the geniculate nucleus.The result of this would be

Accepted Answer

A) inability to change the focus with your lens. 
B) excessive light bouncing around within the posterior portion of the eyeball. 
C) total blindness. 
D) no production of rhodopsin. 
E) partial loss of vision. 
A) inability to change the focus with your lens. 
B) excessive light bouncing around within the posterior portion of the eyeball. 
C) total blindness. 
D) no production of rhodopsin. 
E) partial loss of vision.

Question 13

The optic disc is a blind spot because

Accepted Answer

A) there are no photoreceptors in that area. 
B) the retina lacks nerves in the optic disc. 
C) humans are unable to focus light on that area of the retina. 
D) the vitreous body is too thick in this area for the passage of light. 
E) the fovea prevents light from striking the optic disc. 
A) there are no photoreceptors in that area. 
B) the retina lacks nerves in the optic disc. 
C) humans are unable to focus light on that area of the retina. 
D) the vitreous body is too thick in this area for the passage of light. 
E) the fovea prevents light from striking the optic disc.

Question 14

Olfactory receptors send axons through the cribriform plate.They synapse on neurons in the

Accepted Answer

A) medulla oblongata. 
B) medial geniculate. 
C) cerebral cortex. 
D) olfactory bulb. 
E) olfactory tract. 
A) medulla oblongata. 
B) medial geniculate. 
C) cerebral cortex. 
D) olfactory bulb. 
E) olfactory tract.

Question 15

Which of the following description applies to the term myopia?

Accepted Answer

A) farsightedness 
B) nearsightedness 
C) normal vision 
D) astigmatism 
E) age-related decline in accommodation 
A) farsightedness 
B) nearsightedness 
C) normal vision 
D) astigmatism 
E) age-related decline in accommodation

Question 16

The following steps occur in rods when they are excited by photons of light.What is the proper sequence for these steps?
1)Membrane sodium channels close.
2)Increased phosphodiesterase breaks down cGMP.
3)Retinal changes from the 11-cis form to the 11-trans form.
4)The membrane hyperpolarizes and the rate of neurotransmitter release declines.
5)Opsin activates transducin.
6)Opsin activation occurs.

Accepted Answer

A) 1,6,5,2,4,3 
B) 3,6,5,2,1,4 
C) 6,3,5,2,1,4 
D) 3,6,5,1,2,4 
E) 1,3,4,5,6,2 
A) 1,6,5,2,4,3 
B) 3,6,5,2,1,4 
C) 6,3,5,2,1,4 
D) 3,6,5,1,2,4 
E) 1,3,4,5,6,2

Question 17

Stimulation of nociceptive receptors within the trigeminal nerve might produce a perception of

Accepted Answer

A) intensely sweet. 
B) intensely sour. 
C) quite salty. 
D) peppery hot. 
E) bitter. 
A) intensely sweet. 
B) intensely sour. 
C) quite salty. 
D) peppery hot. 
E) bitter.

Question 18

An irregularity in curvature in the cornea or lens,called ________,causes a reduction in visual acuity.

Accepted Answer

A) astigmatism 
B) glaucoma 
C) a cataract 
D) macular degeneration 
E) cornela atrophy 
A) astigmatism 
B) glaucoma 
C) a cataract 
D) macular degeneration 
E) cornela atrophy

Question 19

The secretion commonly called earwax is produced by ________ glands.

Accepted Answer

A) lacrimal 
B) tarsal 
C) ceruminous 
D) sebaceous 
E) eccrine 
A) lacrimal 
B) tarsal 
C) ceruminous 
D) sebaceous 
E) eccrine

Question 20

Visual pigments are derivatives of the compound

Accepted Answer

A) retinal. 
B) opsin. 
C) rhodopsin. 
D) transducin. 
E) cGMP. 
A) retinal. 
B) opsin. 
C) rhodopsin. 
D) transducin. 
E) cGMP.

Exam 17: The Special Senses

Amacrine and ________ cells facilitate or inhibit communication between photoreceptors and ganglion cells.

Which of the following produces a lipid-rich secretion that prevents the upper and lower eyelids from sticking together at their edges?

Trace the pathway of a nerve impulse from the eye to the cortex.

The senses of equilibrium and hearing are provided by receptors in the

Figure 17-2 The Ear Use Figure 17-2 to answer the following questions: -Which structure is known as the vestibule?

The auditory ossicles connect the

A typical gustatory cell survives for only about ________ day(s)before it is replaced.

When light encounters a medium of different density,it is

The ________ is a region of dense bone that surrounds and protects the membranous labyrinth.

Olfactory organs are located in the nasal cavity inferior to the perforated bony structure known as the

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term otoliths?

A young child has been diagnosed with a recessive hereditary disease that results in destruction of the geniculate nucleus.The result of this would be

The optic disc is a blind spot because

Olfactory receptors send axons through the cribriform plate.They synapse on neurons in the

Which of the following description applies to the term myopia?

Stimulation of nociceptive receptors within the trigeminal nerve might produce a perception of

An irregularity in curvature in the cornea or lens,called ________,causes a reduction in visual acuity.

The secretion commonly called earwax is produced by ________ glands.

Visual pigments are derivatives of the compound

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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