Question 1

Artificial sweeteners

Accepted Answer

A) are naturally similar to sugars. 
B) are always some form of carbohydrate. 
C) are usually not broken down by the body. 
D) are inorganic sugar substitutes. 
E) provide the same number of calories as an equivalent amount of sucrose. 
A) are naturally similar to sugars. 
B) are always some form of carbohydrate. 
C) are usually not broken down by the body. 
D) are inorganic sugar substitutes. 
E) provide the same number of calories as an equivalent amount of sucrose.

Question 2

During ionization,water molecules disrupt the ionic bonds of a salt to produce a mixture of ions.These ions can carry a current and so are called

Accepted Answer

A) cations. 
B) anions. 
C) acids. 
D) electrolytes. 
E) counterions. 
A) cations. 
B) anions. 
C) acids. 
D) electrolytes. 
E) counterions.

Question 3

Molecules that do not readily interact with water are called

Accepted Answer

A) inert. 
B) stable. 
C) hydrophobic. 
D) unstable. 
E) hydrophilic. 
A) inert. 
B) stable. 
C) hydrophobic. 
D) unstable. 
E) hydrophilic.

Question 4

Fructose is

Accepted Answer

A) a hexose. 
B) an isomer of glucose. 
C) found in male reproductive fluids. 
D) a carbohydrate. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) a hexose. 
B) an isomer of glucose. 
C) found in male reproductive fluids. 
D) a carbohydrate. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 5

If an isotope of oxygen has 8 protons,10 neutrons,and 8 electrons,its mass number is

Accepted Answer

A) 26. 
B) 16. 
C) 18. 
D) 8) 
E) 12. 
A) 26. 
B) 16. 
C) 18. 
D) 8) 
E) 12.

Question 6

The hydrolysis of ATP yields ADP,phosphate ion,and

Accepted Answer

A) AMP. 
B) H2O. 
C) energy. 
D) adenosine 
E) nuclease. 
A) AMP. 
B) H2O. 
C) energy. 
D) adenosine 
E) nuclease.

Question 7

The molecule CO₂ is known as

Accepted Answer

A) carbonized oxygen. 
B) carbonated oxygen. 
C) carbon monoxide. 
D) carbon oxide. 
E) carbon dioxide. 
A) carbonized oxygen. 
B) carbonated oxygen. 
C) carbon monoxide. 
D) carbon oxide. 
E) carbon dioxide.

Question 8

When placed in water,an inorganic compound dissociates 99 percent,forming hydrogen ions and anions.This compound would be a

Accepted Answer

A) strong base. 
B) weak base. 
C) strong acid. 
D) weak acid. 
E) salt. 
A) strong base. 
B) weak base. 
C) strong acid. 
D) weak acid. 
E) salt.

Question 9

An amino acid is to a protein as a ________ is to a nucleic acid.

Accepted Answer

A) purine 
B) nucleotide 
C) protein 
D) proton 
E) neutron 
A) purine 
B) nucleotide 
C) protein 
D) proton 
E) neutron

Question 10

Each amino acid differs from another in the

Accepted Answer

A) number of central carbon atoms. 
B) size of the amino group. 
C) number of carboxyl groups. 
D) nature of the side chain. 
E) number of peptide bonds in the molecule. 
A) number of central carbon atoms. 
B) size of the amino group. 
C) number of carboxyl groups. 
D) nature of the side chain. 
E) number of peptide bonds in the molecule.

Question 11

A dust particle floating on a water surface illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) surface tension. 
B) chemical tension. 
C) static electricity. 
D) heat capacity. 
E) hydrophilic attraction. 
A) surface tension. 
B) chemical tension. 
C) static electricity. 
D) heat capacity. 
E) hydrophilic attraction.

Question 12

Many lipids are composed of fatty acids and

Accepted Answer

A) glycerol. 
B) amino acids. 
C) sugars. 
D) monosaccharides. 
E) polypeptides. 
A) glycerol. 
B) amino acids. 
C) sugars. 
D) monosaccharides. 
E) polypeptides.

Question 13

Alaska Natives have a lower incidence of heart disease even though their diets are high in fat and cholesterol.This may be due to the large amount of ________ in their diets.

Accepted Answer

A) vitamins 
B) triglycerides 
C) prostaglandins 
D) omega-3 fatty acids 
E) oleic acid 
A) vitamins 
B) triglycerides 
C) prostaglandins 
D) omega-3 fatty acids 
E) oleic acid

Question 14

The molecule DNA contains a five-carbon sugar called

Accepted Answer

A) glucose. 
B) fructose. 
C) maltose. 
D) ribose. 
E) deoxyribose. 
A) glucose. 
B) fructose. 
C) maltose. 
D) ribose. 
E) deoxyribose.

Question 15

AMP + P →

Accepted Answer

A) ADP. 
B) 2ADP. 
C) DNA. 
D) ATP. 
E) adenine. 
A) ADP. 
B) 2ADP. 
C) DNA. 
D) ATP. 
E) adenine.

Question 16

The pyrimidine bases found in DNA are ________ and cytosine.

Accepted Answer

A) cytosine 
B) adenine 
C) thymine 
D) uracil 
E) niacin 
A) cytosine 
B) adenine 
C) thymine 
D) uracil 
E) niacin

Question 17

Molecules that store and process genetic information are the

Accepted Answer

A) proteins. 
B) nucleic acids. 
C) carbohydrates. 
D) lipids. 
E) steroids. 
A) proteins. 
B) nucleic acids. 
C) carbohydrates. 
D) lipids. 
E) steroids.

Question 18

The three structural components of a nucleotide are a pentose,a phosphate group,and a ________ base.

Accepted Answer

A) nucleic 
B) hydrophilic 
C) hydrochloric 
D) nitrogenous 
E) sulfuric 
A) nucleic 
B) hydrophilic 
C) hydrochloric 
D) nitrogenous 
E) sulfuric

Question 19

Which of the following are organic substances?

Accepted Answer

A) lipids 
B) nucleic acids 
C) proteins 
D) lipids and proteins 
E) lipids,nucleic acids,and proteins 
A) lipids 
B) nucleic acids 
C) proteins 
D) lipids and proteins 
E) lipids,nucleic acids,and proteins

Question 20

A solution containing equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is

Accepted Answer

A) acidic. 
B) basic. 
C) neutral. 
D) alkaline. 
E) in equilibrium. 
A) acidic. 
B) basic. 
C) neutral. 
D) alkaline. 
E) in equilibrium.

Exam 2: The Chemical Level of Organization

Artificial sweeteners

During ionization,water molecules disrupt the ionic bonds of a salt to produce a mixture of ions.These ions can carry a current and so are called

Molecules that do not readily interact with water are called

Fructose is

If an isotope of oxygen has 8 protons,10 neutrons,and 8 electrons,its mass number is

The hydrolysis of ATP yields ADP,phosphate ion,and

The molecule CO₂ is known as

When placed in water,an inorganic compound dissociates 99 percent,forming hydrogen ions and anions.This compound would be a

An amino acid is to a protein as a ________ is to a nucleic acid.

Each amino acid differs from another in the

A dust particle floating on a water surface illustrates

Many lipids are composed of fatty acids and

Alaska Natives have a lower incidence of heart disease even though their diets are high in fat and cholesterol.This may be due to the large amount of ________ in their diets.

The molecule DNA contains a five-carbon sugar called

AMP + P →

The pyrimidine bases found in DNA are ________ and cytosine.

Molecules that store and process genetic information are the

The three structural components of a nucleotide are a pentose,a phosphate group,and a ________ base.

Which of the following are organic substances?

A solution containing equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters