Question 1

Which statement best describes osmosis?

Accepted Answer

A) active transport of water across the cell membrane 
B) diffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration 
C) movement of water into a solute 
D) diffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane 
E) random movement of water due to kinetic energy 
A) active transport of water across the cell membrane 
B) diffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration 
C) movement of water into a solute 
D) diffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane 
E) random movement of water due to kinetic energy

Question 2

During mitosis,chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes during

Accepted Answer

A) prophase. 
B) metaphase. 
C) interphase. 
D) telophase. 
E) anaphase. 
A) prophase. 
B) metaphase. 
C) interphase. 
D) telophase. 
E) anaphase.

Question 3

An impermeable carbohydrate that is often administered to patients suffering blood loss is

Accepted Answer

A) saline solution. 
B) salt solution. 
C) glucose. 
D) isotonic saline. 
E) dextran. 
A) saline solution. 
B) salt solution. 
C) glucose. 
D) isotonic saline. 
E) dextran.

Question 4

The process of duplicating chromosomes prior to cell division is called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of duplicating chromosomes prior to...

Question 5

Changes in the transmembrane potential of a cell are involved in

Accepted Answer

A) movement. 
B) thought. 
C) glandular secretion. 
D) nerve cell communication. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) movement. 
B) thought. 
C) glandular secretion. 
D) nerve cell communication. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

mRNA is needed to synthesize ________ in the cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates 
B) lipids 
C) proteins 
D) phospholipids 
E) salts 
A) carbohydrates 
B) lipids 
C) proteins 
D) phospholipids 
E) salts

Question 7

Assume that the transport of a particular amino acid across the plasmalemma is observed (1)to occur only down its concentration gradient and (2)to slow when a similar amino acid is added to the extracellular fluid.The movement of the amino acid through the membrane is most likely by

Accepted Answer

A) osmosis. 
B) diffusion. 
C) facilitated diffusion. 
D) active transport. 
E) pinocytosis. 
A) osmosis. 
B) diffusion. 
C) facilitated diffusion. 
D) active transport. 
E) pinocytosis.

Question 8

If a cell has 18 chromosomes and undergoes mitosis how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have?

Accepted Answer

A) cannot be determined 
B) 9 
C) 36 
D) 23 
E) 18 
A) cannot be determined 
B) 9 
C) 36 
D) 23 
E) 18

Question 9

There is a direct correlation between the potency of a general anesthetic such as ether and its ability to

Accepted Answer

A) dissolve in water. 
B) dissolve in lipids. 
C) bind to proteins. 
D) interact with carbohydrates. 
E) bind to DNA. 
A) dissolve in water. 
B) dissolve in lipids. 
C) bind to proteins. 
D) interact with carbohydrates. 
E) bind to DNA.

Question 10

Tubulin is to microtubules as actin is to

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomes. 
B) microfilaments. 
C) intermediate filaments. 
D) flagella. 
E) microvilli. 
A) ribosomes. 
B) microfilaments. 
C) intermediate filaments. 
D) flagella. 
E) microvilli.

Question 11

When activated,lysosomes function in

Accepted Answer

A) formation of new cell membranes. 
B) synthesis of proteins. 
C) digestion of foreign material. 
D) synthesis of lipids. 
E) cell division. 
A) formation of new cell membranes. 
B) synthesis of proteins. 
C) digestion of foreign material. 
D) synthesis of lipids. 
E) cell division.

Question 12

________ are responsible for identifying and digesting damaged or denatured proteins.(Note: Be sure to capitalize the first letter of your answer).

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ are responsible for identifying and digesting...

Question 13

The duplication of DNA is called ________,the copying of DNA to mRNA is called ________, and the reading of the mRNA by the cell to make a protein is called ________ .

Accepted Answer

A) replication,transcription,translation 
B) interphase,replication,active transport 
C) replication,translation,transcription 
D) mitosis,duplication,protein synthesis 
E) reproduction,duplication,initiation 
A) replication,transcription,translation 
B) interphase,replication,active transport 
C) replication,translation,transcription 
D) mitosis,duplication,protein synthesis 
E) reproduction,duplication,initiation

Question 14

Which of the following terms is not used to define the structure that separates the contents of a human cell from its surrounding medium?

Accepted Answer

A) cell wall 
B) cell membrane 
C) plasma membrane 
D) plasmalemma 
E) both a cell wall and a plasmalemma 
A) cell wall 
B) cell membrane 
C) plasma membrane 
D) plasmalemma 
E) both a cell wall and a plasmalemma

Question 15

The potential difference across the cell membrane is due to the separation of

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrate molecules. 
B) water molecules. 
C) cations and anions. 
D) acids and bases. 
E) phospholipids and proteins. 
A) carbohydrate molecules. 
B) water molecules. 
C) cations and anions. 
D) acids and bases. 
E) phospholipids and proteins.

Question 16

Before a cell divides,its DNA must be replicated to

Accepted Answer

A) provide a backup copy of DNA in case the original DNA is damaged during mitosis. 
B) replace the DNA lost during transcription. 
C) supply each new cell with a full set of the genetic material. 
D) replace genetic instructions used by the original cell. 
E) use as an energy source during cytokinesis. 
A) provide a backup copy of DNA in case the original DNA is damaged during mitosis. 
B) replace the DNA lost during transcription. 
C) supply each new cell with a full set of the genetic material. 
D) replace genetic instructions used by the original cell. 
E) use as an energy source during cytokinesis.

Question 17

The tails of a phospholipid molecule are

Accepted Answer

A) hydrophilic. 
B) composed of amino acids. 
C) hydrophobic. 
D) facing the cytosol. 
E) interlocked to provide membrane strength. 
A) hydrophilic. 
B) composed of amino acids. 
C) hydrophobic. 
D) facing the cytosol. 
E) interlocked to provide membrane strength.

Question 18

When is DNA replicated?

Accepted Answer

A) interphase 
B) anaphase 
C) metaphase 
D) telophase 
E) interkinesis 
A) interphase 
B) anaphase 
C) metaphase 
D) telophase 
E) interkinesis

Question 19

Most of a cell's DNA is located in its

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomes. 
B) lysosomes. 
C) Golgi apparatus. 
D) nucleus. 
E) nucleolus. 
A) ribosomes. 
B) lysosomes. 
C) Golgi apparatus. 
D) nucleus. 
E) nucleolus.

Question 20

The watery component of the cytoplasm is called

Accepted Answer

A) cytosol. 
B) protoplasm. 
C) extracellular fluid. 
D) interstitial fluid. 
E) a colloidal gel. 
A) cytosol. 
B) protoplasm. 
C) extracellular fluid. 
D) interstitial fluid. 
E) a colloidal gel.

Exam 3: The Cellular Level of Organization

Which statement best describes osmosis?

During mitosis,chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes during

An impermeable carbohydrate that is often administered to patients suffering blood loss is

The process of duplicating chromosomes prior to cell division is called _______.

Changes in the transmembrane potential of a cell are involved in

mRNA is needed to synthesize ________ in the cytoplasm.

Assume that the transport of a particular amino acid across the plasmalemma is observed (1)to occur only down its concentration gradient and (2)to slow when a similar amino acid is added to the extracellular fluid.The movement of the amino acid through the membrane is most likely by

If a cell has 18 chromosomes and undergoes mitosis how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have?

There is a direct correlation between the potency of a general anesthetic such as ether and its ability to

Tubulin is to microtubules as actin is to

When activated,lysosomes function in

________ are responsible for identifying and digesting damaged or denatured proteins.(Note: Be sure to capitalize the first letter of your answer).

The duplication of DNA is called ________,the copying of DNA to mRNA is called ________, and the reading of the mRNA by the cell to make a protein is called ________ .

Which of the following terms is not used to define the structure that separates the contents of a human cell from its surrounding medium?

The potential difference across the cell membrane is due to the separation of

Before a cell divides,its DNA must be replicated to

The tails of a phospholipid molecule are

When is DNA replicated?

Most of a cell's DNA is located in its

The watery component of the cytoplasm is called

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

Neural Integration Ii: the Autonomic Nervous System and

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

The duplication of DNA is called ,the copying of DNA to mRNA is called , and the reading of the mRNA by the cell to make a protein is called .