Question 1

The early hominids from Chad (Sahelanthropus tchadensis) are very important because they

Accepted Answer

A) span a nearly 3-million-year period. 
B) provide evidence of hominid evolution 2,000 km (1,243 mi) from the Rift Valley. 
C) were small-brained, bipedal creatures. 
D) lived in savanna environments. 
A) span a nearly 3-million-year period. 
B) provide evidence of hominid evolution 2,000 km (1,243 mi) from the Rift Valley. 
C) were small-brained, bipedal creatures. 
D) lived in savanna environments.

Question 2

Rodman and McHenry's hypothesis to account for the success of the bipedal adaptation in early hominids involves mainly

Accepted Answer

A) keeping cool in the heat of the day out on the savanna. 
B) males provisioning females and young. 
C) energetic efficiency in moving between patches of forest. 
D) freeing of the hands to make stone tools. 
A) keeping cool in the heat of the day out on the savanna. 
B) males provisioning females and young. 
C) energetic efficiency in moving between patches of forest. 
D) freeing of the hands to make stone tools.

Question 3

Which of the following hominids had a brain significantly larger than a chimpanzee's?

Accepted Answer

A) Australopithecus afarensis 
B) Sahelanthropus tchadensis 
C) Kenyanthropus platyops 
D) none of the above 
A) Australopithecus afarensis 
B) Sahelanthropus tchadensis 
C) Kenyanthropus platyops 
D) none of the above

Question 4

Fossils attributed to Australopithecus garhi were found at the Bouri site, in Ethiopia, along with

Accepted Answer

A) abundant stone tools. 
B) animal bones with cut marks. 
C) evidence for early Homo. 
D) fossil footprints. 
A) abundant stone tools. 
B) animal bones with cut marks. 
C) evidence for early Homo. 
D) fossil footprints.

Question 5

The oldest recognizable artifacts are simple stone tools dating to about 2.6 mya and are referred to as the ________ .

Accepted Answer

A) Acheulan complex 
B) Mousterian complex 
C) Oldowan complex 
D) Clovis complex 
A) Acheulan complex 
B) Mousterian complex 
C) Oldowan complex 
D) Clovis complex

Question 6

Among living nonhuman primates, which is Homo sapiens' closest relative?

Accepted Answer

A) baboon 
B) gorilla 
C) orangutan 
D) chimpanzee 
A) baboon 
B) gorilla 
C) orangutan 
D) chimpanzee

Question 7

The first hominids appeared in Africa about ________ .

Accepted Answer

A) 20-25 mya 
B) 10-15 mya 
C) 7-6 mya 
D) 3-5 mya 
A) 20-25 mya 
B) 10-15 mya 
C) 7-6 mya 
D) 3-5 mya

Question 8

The Laetoli footprints demonstrate that the foot of Australopithecus afarensis was humanlike in having

Accepted Answer

A) a rounded heel. 
B) a nondivergent big toe. 
C) a double arch. 
D) all of the above. 
A) a rounded heel. 
B) a nondivergent big toe. 
C) a double arch. 
D) all of the above.

Question 9

The only early hominid that lacks the thick enamel coating on its teeth typical of other hominids is

Accepted Answer

A) Australopithecus. 
B) Sahelanthropus. 
C) Ardipithecus. 
D) Orrorin. 
A) Australopithecus. 
B) Sahelanthropus. 
C) Ardipithecus. 
D) Orrorin.

Question 10

Which of the following traits characterize hominids as a group?

Accepted Answer

A) large canines 
B) s-shaped spine 
C) thinner tooth enamel 
D) foramen magnum set back on the skull 
A) large canines 
B) s-shaped spine 
C) thinner tooth enamel 
D) foramen magnum set back on the skull

Question 11

Name and briefly describe five key traits of modern humans that the living great apes do not display.

Accepted Answer

• Humans have a complex spoken language,

Question 12

You find a fossil that you are sure shows evidence of bipedalism.You know this because which of the following anatomical traits are present?

Accepted Answer

A) a narrow pelvis 
B) posterior position of the foramen magnum 
C) opposable hallux 
D) thigh bones that angle in toward the knees 
A) a narrow pelvis 
B) posterior position of the foramen magnum 
C) opposable hallux 
D) thigh bones that angle in toward the knees

Question 13

The australopithecine lineage went extinct about

Accepted Answer

A) 0.5 mya. 
B) 1 mya. 
C) 2 mya. 
D) 3 mya. 
A) 0.5 mya. 
B) 1 mya. 
C) 2 mya. 
D) 3 mya.

Question 14

A pre-australopithecine most likely has which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A) nonhoning chewing, vestigial apelike traits, increased brain size 
B) modified honing chewing, vestigial apelike traits, increased brain size 
C) modified honing chewing, vestigial apelike traits, small brain size 
D) nonhoning chewing, loss of apelike traits, small brain size 
A) nonhoning chewing, vestigial apelike traits, increased brain size 
B) modified honing chewing, vestigial apelike traits, increased brain size 
C) modified honing chewing, vestigial apelike traits, small brain size 
D) nonhoning chewing, loss of apelike traits, small brain size

Question 15

The Laetoli site, in Tanzania, is most famous for

Accepted Answer

A) the discovery of "Lucy." 
B) preserving fossil hominid footprints. 
C) huge caches of stone tools. 
D) a collection of robust australopithecine fossils. 
A) the discovery of "Lucy." 
B) preserving fossil hominid footprints. 
C) huge caches of stone tools. 
D) a collection of robust australopithecine fossils.

Question 16

The hyoid bone of the juvenile Australopithecus afarensis fossil suggests that this species probably could not

Accepted Answer

A) speak like a modern human. 
B) walk on two legs over long distances. 
C) climb trees very effectively. 
D) eat tough, fibrous foods. 
A) speak like a modern human. 
B) walk on two legs over long distances. 
C) climb trees very effectively. 
D) eat tough, fibrous foods.

Question 17

The oldest known possibly bipedal hominid genus is

Accepted Answer

A) Sahelanthropus. 
B) Australopithecus. 
C) Homo. 
D) Ardipithecus. 
A) Sahelanthropus. 
B) Australopithecus. 
C) Homo. 
D) Ardipithecus.

Question 18

Some australopithecines are referred to as "robust" because

Accepted Answer

A) their cranial capacity had increased dramatically. 
B) they were much taller than their ancestors. 
C) they were probably much hairier than their ancestors. 
D) they possessed very large molar teeth and chewing muscles. 
A) their cranial capacity had increased dramatically. 
B) they were much taller than their ancestors. 
C) they were probably much hairier than their ancestors. 
D) they possessed very large molar teeth and chewing muscles.

Question 19

Early hominids display a relatively lower level of sexual dimorphism in body size than living gorillas and living orangutans do.What could be inferred from this finding?

Accepted Answer

A) that early hominids were more competitive 
B) that early hominids were more cooperative 
C) that early hominids ate meat 
D) that early hominids existed in large sedentary groups 
A) that early hominids were more competitive 
B) that early hominids were more cooperative 
C) that early hominids ate meat 
D) that early hominids existed in large sedentary groups

Question 20

At which site would you be most likely to find fossil remains of Australopithecus africanus?

Accepted Answer

A) Sterkfontein, South Africa 
B) Hadar, Ethiopia 
C) Laetoli, Tanzania 
D) Swartkrans, South Africa 
A) Sterkfontein, South Africa 
B) Hadar, Ethiopia 
C) Laetoli, Tanzania 
D) Swartkrans, South Africa

The early hominids from Chad (Sahelanthropus tchadensis) are very important because they

Rodman and McHenry's hypothesis to account for the success of the bipedal adaptation in early hominids involves mainly

Which of the following hominids had a brain significantly larger than a chimpanzee's?

Fossils attributed to Australopithecus garhi were found at the Bouri site, in Ethiopia, along with

The oldest recognizable artifacts are simple stone tools dating to about 2.6 mya and are referred to as the ________ .

Among living nonhuman primates, which is Homo sapiens' closest relative?

The first hominids appeared in Africa about ________ .

The Laetoli footprints demonstrate that the foot of Australopithecus afarensis was humanlike in having

The only early hominid that lacks the thick enamel coating on its teeth typical of other hominids is

Which of the following traits characterize hominids as a group?

Name and briefly describe five key traits of modern humans that the living great apes do not display.

You find a fossil that you are sure shows evidence of bipedalism.You know this because which of the following anatomical traits are present?

The australopithecine lineage went extinct about

A pre-australopithecine most likely has which of the following characteristics?

The Laetoli site, in Tanzania, is most famous for

The hyoid bone of the juvenile Australopithecus afarensis fossil suggests that this species probably could not

The oldest known possibly bipedal hominid genus is

Some australopithecines are referred to as "robust" because

Early hominids display a relatively lower level of sexual dimorphism in body size than living gorillas and living orangutans do.What could be inferred from this finding?

At which site would you be most likely to find fossil remains of Australopithecus africanus?

What Is Physical Anthropology?

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Biology in the Present: The Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and Biology

Filters

Exam 10: Early Hominid Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

The early hominids from Chad (Sahelanthropus tchadensis) are very important because they

Rodman and McHenry's hypothesis to account for the success of the bipedal adaptation in early hominids involves mainly

Which of the following hominids had a brain significantly larger than a chimpanzee's?

Fossils attributed to Australopithecus garhi were found at the Bouri site, in Ethiopia, along with

The oldest recognizable artifacts are simple stone tools dating to about 2.6 mya and are referred to as the ________ .

Among living nonhuman primates, which is Homo sapiens' closest relative?

The first hominids appeared in Africa about ________ .

The Laetoli footprints demonstrate that the foot of Australopithecus afarensis was humanlike in having

The only early hominid that lacks the thick enamel coating on its teeth typical of other hominids is

Which of the following traits characterize hominids as a group?

Name and briefly describe five key traits of modern humans that the living great apes do not display.

You find a fossil that you are sure shows evidence of bipedalism.You know this because which of the following anatomical traits are present?

The australopithecine lineage went extinct about

A pre-australopithecine most likely has which of the following characteristics?

The Laetoli site, in Tanzania, is most famous for

The hyoid bone of the juvenile Australopithecus afarensis fossil suggests that this species probably could not

The oldest known possibly bipedal hominid genus is

Some australopithecines are referred to as "robust" because

Early hominids display a relatively lower level of sexual dimorphism in body size than living gorillas and living orangutans do.What could be inferred from this finding?

At which site would you be most likely to find fossil remains of Australopithecus africanus?

What Is Physical Anthropology?

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Biology in the Present: The Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and Biology

Filters