Question 1

Functional adaptations in humans during their lifetimes are usually associated with ________ .

Accepted Answer

A) human linguistic changes 
B) human genotypes 
C) environmental conditions 
D) contact between different populations 
A) human linguistic changes 
B) human genotypes 
C) environmental conditions 
D) contact between different populations

Question 2

Relative to people with a history of living in temperate climates, the Inuit and other cold-adapted populations

Accepted Answer

A) have lower basal metabolic rate. 
B) consume more carbohydrates. 
C) reduce peripheral body temperatures to maintain core temperatures. 
D) none of the above. 
A) have lower basal metabolic rate. 
B) consume more carbohydrates. 
C) reduce peripheral body temperatures to maintain core temperatures. 
D) none of the above.

Question 3

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach categorized humans into the following races

Accepted Answer

A) Negroids, Caucasoids, and Mongoloids. 
B) Mongoloids, Negroids, Inuit, and Caucasoids. 
C) Mongoloids, Malays, Ethiopians, American Indians, and Caucasoids. 
D) Mongoloids, Negroids, Malays, Europeans, and Caucasoids. 
A) Negroids, Caucasoids, and Mongoloids. 
B) Mongoloids, Negroids, Inuit, and Caucasoids. 
C) Mongoloids, Malays, Ethiopians, American Indians, and Caucasoids. 
D) Mongoloids, Negroids, Malays, Europeans, and Caucasoids.

Question 4

Results from anthropomorphic measurements of Turkana pastoralists indicate long limbs.This suggests which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) The population is one point on the continuum of variation observed in Allen's rule. 
B) The population represents the variability that results from Wolff's law of skeletal replacement. 
C) The population has body proportions that are not well adapted to warmer climates. 
D) According to Allen's rule, pastoralist populations are well adapted for life at high latitudes. 
A) The population is one point on the continuum of variation observed in Allen's rule. 
B) The population represents the variability that results from Wolff's law of skeletal replacement. 
C) The population has body proportions that are not well adapted to warmer climates. 
D) According to Allen's rule, pastoralist populations are well adapted for life at high latitudes.

Question 5

Which of the following can lead to cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

A) type 2 diabetes 
B) overnutrition 
C) undernutrition 
D) b and c only 
A) type 2 diabetes 
B) overnutrition 
C) undernutrition 
D) b and c only

Question 6

While conducting a study on hypoxia among individuals living in the Peruvian Andes, you have been able to show that individuals in the population have likely suffered hypoxia and/or resided there for long periods of time.You know this because

Accepted Answer

A) individuals in your sample have a smaller chest cavity than do individuals who live in the village at the base of the mountains. 
B) individuals who moved to the region as children have greater lung volumes than individuals who moved to the area as adults. 
C) individuals in the population have very low red blood cell counts. 
D) none of the above. 
A) individuals in your sample have a smaller chest cavity than do individuals who live in the village at the base of the mountains. 
B) individuals who moved to the region as children have greater lung volumes than individuals who moved to the area as adults. 
C) individuals in the population have very low red blood cell counts. 
D) none of the above.

Question 7

Children living at high altitudes develop a larger chest cavity by adulthood than children living at lower altitudes.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) developmental adaptations that occur at the population level. 
B) acclimatization at the individual level. 
C) developmental adaptations that occur at the level of the individual during critical life stages. 
D) none of the above. 
A) developmental adaptations that occur at the population level. 
B) acclimatization at the individual level. 
C) developmental adaptations that occur at the level of the individual during critical life stages. 
D) none of the above.

Question 8

________ states that heat-adapted mammals will have long limbs, which maximize the body's surface area.

Accepted Answer

A) Thermoregulation rule 
B) Darwin's rule 
C) Bergmann's rule 
D) Allen's rule 
A) Thermoregulation rule 
B) Darwin's rule 
C) Bergmann's rule 
D) Allen's rule

Question 9

Infancy ends

Accepted Answer

A) at 36 months. 
B) before deciduous dentition has completely erupted. 
C) with completion of brain growth. 
D) with weaning, which occurs at the same time across cultures. 
A) at 36 months. 
B) before deciduous dentition has completely erupted. 
C) with completion of brain growth. 
D) with weaning, which occurs at the same time across cultures.

Question 10

Reports show that in the last forty years, the average weight of six- to eleven-year-old children has gone from 65 to 74 pounds.We know that

Accepted Answer

A) a weight increase can lead to physiological conditions that put the children at greater risk of heart disease among other conditions. 
B) a weight increase of this amount is likely related to increased consumption of foods high in micronutrients. 
C) these children will have no adverse effect from being overweight or obese. 
D) none of the above. 
A) a weight increase can lead to physiological conditions that put the children at greater risk of heart disease among other conditions. 
B) a weight increase of this amount is likely related to increased consumption of foods high in micronutrients. 
C) these children will have no adverse effect from being overweight or obese. 
D) none of the above.

Question 11

The life stage of senescence in humans is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive transitions in increased ability to learn. 
B) a growth spurt. 
C) the end of the reproductive years. 
D) none of the above. 
A) cognitive transitions in increased ability to learn. 
B) a growth spurt. 
C) the end of the reproductive years. 
D) none of the above.

Question 12

The strength and mass of bone

Accepted Answer

A) do not affect the tendency to fracture. 
B) are entirely genetically determined. 
C) vary with an individual's level of physical activity. 
D) none of the above. 
A) do not affect the tendency to fracture. 
B) are entirely genetically determined. 
C) vary with an individual's level of physical activity. 
D) none of the above.

Question 13

Which of the following is key to maintaining internal homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A) Bergmann's rule 
B) Allen's rule 
C) mutations 
D) adaptations 
A) Bergmann's rule 
B) Allen's rule 
C) mutations 
D) adaptations

Question 14

Sweating evolved in humans as a response to what?

Accepted Answer

A) humans learning how to use fire 
B) humans migrating to warmer climates 
C) changes in human cultural behavior to include wearing clothing 
D) thermoregulatory adaptation to hair loss in humans 
A) humans learning how to use fire 
B) humans migrating to warmer climates 
C) changes in human cultural behavior to include wearing clothing 
D) thermoregulatory adaptation to hair loss in humans

Question 15

For women with very low body weight, high amounts of exercise can result in

Accepted Answer

A) increased female fertility. 
B) increased ovarian function. 
C) reduced ability to conceive relative to women who do not exercise. 
D) higher rates of conception than in women who do not exercise. 
A) increased female fertility. 
B) increased ovarian function. 
C) reduced ability to conceive relative to women who do not exercise. 
D) higher rates of conception than in women who do not exercise.

Question 16

How does human life history (prenatal stage, infancy, childhood, juvenile stage, adolescence, adulthood, old age) shed light on the interaction between genes and environment?

Accepted Answer

During the prenatal stage, environmental

Question 17

Franz Boas

Accepted Answer

A) was a big supporter of the race concept. 
B) created racial categories based on living populations in the United States. 
C) showed that U.S.-born children had the same head shapes as their immigrant parents. 
D) showed that U.S.-born children had different head shapes than their immigrant parents. 
A) was a big supporter of the race concept. 
B) created racial categories based on living populations in the United States. 
C) showed that U.S.-born children had the same head shapes as their immigrant parents. 
D) showed that U.S.-born children had different head shapes than their immigrant parents.

Question 18

Research has shown that human growth and development

Accepted Answer

A) start off with a blueprint from an individual's DNA. 
B) are strongly influenced by the environment. 
C) are exactly the same as other primates. 
D) both a and b 
A) start off with a blueprint from an individual's DNA. 
B) are strongly influenced by the environment. 
C) are exactly the same as other primates. 
D) both a and b

Question 19

According to the text, females are less able to tolerate heat than males because

Accepted Answer

A) males have a higher body fat content. 
B) females have a higher body fat content. 
C) females are shorter. 
D) males sweat more. 
A) males have a higher body fat content. 
B) females have a higher body fat content. 
C) females are shorter. 
D) males sweat more.

Question 20

Inherited human adaptations include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) genetic adaptation at the population level. 
B) acclimatization. 
C) more efficient use of oxygen. 
D) none of the above. 
A) genetic adaptation at the population level. 
B) acclimatization. 
C) more efficient use of oxygen. 
D) none of the above.

Functional adaptations in humans during their lifetimes are usually associated with ________ .

Relative to people with a history of living in temperate climates, the Inuit and other cold-adapted populations

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach categorized humans into the following races

Results from anthropomorphic measurements of Turkana pastoralists indicate long limbs.This suggests which of the following?

Which of the following can lead to cardiovascular disease?

While conducting a study on hypoxia among individuals living in the Peruvian Andes, you have been able to show that individuals in the population have likely suffered hypoxia and/or resided there for long periods of time.You know this because

Children living at high altitudes develop a larger chest cavity by adulthood than children living at lower altitudes.This is an example of

________ states that heat-adapted mammals will have long limbs, which maximize the body's surface area.

Infancy ends

Reports show that in the last forty years, the average weight of six- to eleven-year-old children has gone from 65 to 74 pounds.We know that

The life stage of senescence in humans is characterized by

The strength and mass of bone

Which of the following is key to maintaining internal homeostasis?

Sweating evolved in humans as a response to what?

For women with very low body weight, high amounts of exercise can result in

How does human life history (prenatal stage, infancy, childhood, juvenile stage, adolescence, adulthood, old age) shed light on the interaction between genes and environment?

Franz Boas

Research has shown that human growth and development

According to the text, females are less able to tolerate heat than males because

Inherited human adaptations include all of the following except

What Is Physical Anthropology?

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: The Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominid Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and Biology

Filters

Exam 5: Biology in the Present: Living People

Functional adaptations in humans during their lifetimes are usually associated with ________ .

Relative to people with a history of living in temperate climates, the Inuit and other cold-adapted populations

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach categorized humans into the following races

Results from anthropomorphic measurements of Turkana pastoralists indicate long limbs.This suggests which of the following?

Which of the following can lead to cardiovascular disease?

While conducting a study on hypoxia among individuals living in the Peruvian Andes, you have been able to show that individuals in the population have likely suffered hypoxia and/or resided there for long periods of time.You know this because

Children living at high altitudes develop a larger chest cavity by adulthood than children living at lower altitudes.This is an example of

________ states that heat-adapted mammals will have long limbs, which maximize the body's surface area.

Infancy ends

Reports show that in the last forty years, the average weight of six- to eleven-year-old children has gone from 65 to 74 pounds.We know that

The life stage of senescence in humans is characterized by

The strength and mass of bone

Which of the following is key to maintaining internal homeostasis?

Sweating evolved in humans as a response to what?

For women with very low body weight, high amounts of exercise can result in

How does human life history (prenatal stage, infancy, childhood, juvenile stage, adolescence, adulthood, old age) shed light on the interaction between genes and environment?

Franz Boas

Research has shown that human growth and development

According to the text, females are less able to tolerate heat than males because

Inherited human adaptations include all of the following except

What Is Physical Anthropology?

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: The Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominid Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and Biology

Filters