Exam 20: Acid-Base Balance

If saliva has a pH of 7.7,arterial blood has a pH of 7.45.That means

The lungs can remove the equivalent of more than this much carbonic acid each day

What term describes the set of processes that the body uses to try to restore balance when acidosis or alkalosis occurs?

Blood in the pulmonary artery has a higher pH than the blood in the pulmonary vein.

Patients with a carbonic acid excess experience

What specifically is the cause of metabolic acidosis? What diseases or conditions can bring this about?

If the sodium bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer pair was to buffer a solution of HCl,more sodium bicarbonate would be produced.

Acidosis occurs when the

The mechanism used by the body to regulate body pH is

Compensation can quickly counteract an abnormal shift in blood pH.

What specifically causes respiratory alkalosis? What diseases or conditions can bring this about?

Hyperventilation would remove more carbonic acid than normal and would cause a drop in blood pH.

Emphysema or pneumonia can lead to respiratory acidosis.

Hyperventilation would remove more carbonic acid than normal and would cause a decrease in the hydrogen ion concentration.

A decrease in breathing rate reduces the amount of carbonic acid removed and causes an increase of hydrogen ions in the blood.

When the carbonic acid-sodium bicarbonate buffer pair buffers lactic acid

The results of metabolic processes usually add

The term fixed acid means

When the kidney secretes a hydrogen ion,it absorbs a sodium ion.

Carbonic acid is the most abundant acid in body fluids.