Question 1

Which of the following is True about cause-and-effect relationships in the social world?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most patterns of behavior have a single cause. 
B)  Most patterns of behavior have no cause at all. 
C)  Most patterns of behavior are caused by many factors. 
D)  None of the above is correct. 
A)  Most patterns of behavior have a single cause. 
B)  Most patterns of behavior have no cause at all. 
C)  Most patterns of behavior are caused by many factors. 
D)  None of the above is correct.

Question 2

Which of the following statements describing the link between sociology's methodological approaches and its theoretical approaches is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scientific methodology is most closely linked to structural-functional theory. 
B)  Interpretive methodology is linked to social-conflict theory. 
C)  Critical methodology corresponds to the symbolic-interaction theory. 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  Scientific methodology is most closely linked to structural-functional theory. 
B)  Interpretive methodology is linked to social-conflict theory. 
C)  Critical methodology corresponds to the symbolic-interaction theory. 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 3

A researcher doing participant observation may "break in" to a setting more easily with the help of a:

Accepted Answer

A)  key informant. 
B)  research assistant. 
C)  bigger budget. 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  key informant. 
B)  research assistant. 
C)  bigger budget. 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 4

Imagine that you were going to measure the age of a number of respondents taking part in a survey. As you record the data, you are using the concept "age" as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a theory. 
B)  a hypothesis. 
C)  a variable. 
D)  an axiom. 
A)  a theory. 
B)  a hypothesis. 
C)  a variable. 
D)  an axiom.

Question 5

The variable that causes change in another variable is called the "dependent variable."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A survey is a research method in which subjects respond to a series of items or questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Haphazardly selecting people as they walk down the street is a convenient and useful way to generate a random sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The sociologist who called on his colleagues to be "value-free" was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Karl Marx. 
B)  Emile Durkheim. 
C)  Herbert Spencer. 
D)  Max Weber. 
A)  Karl Marx. 
B)  Emile Durkheim. 
C)  Herbert Spencer. 
D)  Max Weber.

Question 9

A variable that is changed by another variable is called the "independent variable."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Max Weber urged sociologists to strive toward the goal of being value-free.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Drawing conclusions about all of humanity based on research using only males as subjects is the problem called:

Accepted Answer

A)  androcentricity. 
B)  overgeneralization. 
C)  gender blindness. 
D)  using double standards. 
A)  androcentricity. 
B)  overgeneralization. 
C)  gender blindness. 
D)  using double standards.

Question 12

"A statement of a possible relationship between two or more variables" is the definition of which concept?

Accepted Answer

A)  theory 
B)  correlation 
C)  spurious correlation 
D)  hypothesis 
A)  theory 
B)  correlation 
C)  spurious correlation 
D)  hypothesis

Question 13

Which of the following is a way in which people can mislead others with statistics?

Accepted Answer

A)  People select the data they present. 
B)  People interpret the data to lead their readers to a desired conclusion. 
C)  People use graphs to "spin" the truth. 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  People select the data they present. 
B)  People interpret the data to lead their readers to a desired conclusion. 
C)  People use graphs to "spin" the truth. 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 14

The sociological perspective reveals that:

Accepted Answer

A)  "common sense" is usually pretty close to the truth. 
B)  much of what passes for "common sense" in the United States turns out to be at least partly wrong. 
C)  most people in the United States readily see how society shapes our lives. 
D)  "common sense" is not very popular in the United States. 
A)  "common sense" is usually pretty close to the truth. 
B)  much of what passes for "common sense" in the United States turns out to be at least partly wrong. 
C)  most people in the United States readily see how society shapes our lives. 
D)  "common sense" is not very popular in the United States.

Question 15

What is the term for the value that occurs most often in a series of numbers?

Accepted Answer

A)  the mean 
B)  the mode 
C)  the median 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  the mean 
B)  the mode 
C)  the median 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 16

What process involves deciding exactly what is to be measured when assigning value to a variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  operationalization 
B)  reliability 
C)  conceptualization 
D)  validity 
A)  operationalization 
B)  reliability 
C)  conceptualization 
D)  validity

Question 17

Why is it necessary for researchers to understand a good deal about the way of life of the people they are studying? What problems could arise if, say, a researcher started research on the Amish, Korean Americans, or some distinctive other category of people and had no understanding of their way of life?

Accepted Answer

It is necessary for researchers to under

Question 18

Which of the following is True about scientific sociology?

Accepted Answer

A)  It focuses on the meaning people attach to behavior. 
B)  It seeks to bring about desirable social change. 
C)  It favors qualitative data. 
D)  It favors quantitative data. 
A)  It focuses on the meaning people attach to behavior. 
B)  It seeks to bring about desirable social change. 
C)  It favors qualitative data. 
D)  It favors quantitative data.

Question 19

Validity is the quality of measurement gained by actually measuring what you want to measure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Qualitative research has special appeal to investigators who favor which theoretical approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  the structural-functional approach 
B)  the symbolic-interaction approach 
C)  the social-conflict approach 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  the structural-functional approach 
B)  the symbolic-interaction approach 
C)  the social-conflict approach 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Exam 2: Sociological Investigation

Which of the following is True about cause-and-effect relationships in the social world?

Which of the following statements describing the link between sociology's methodological approaches and its theoretical approaches is correct?

A researcher doing participant observation may "break in" to a setting more easily with the help of a:

Imagine that you were going to measure the age of a number of respondents taking part in a survey. As you record the data, you are using the concept "age" as:

The variable that causes change in another variable is called the "dependent variable."

A survey is a research method in which subjects respond to a series of items or questions.

Haphazardly selecting people as they walk down the street is a convenient and useful way to generate a random sample.

The sociologist who called on his colleagues to be "value-free" was:

A variable that is changed by another variable is called the "independent variable."

Max Weber urged sociologists to strive toward the goal of being value-free.

Drawing conclusions about all of humanity based on research using only males as subjects is the problem called:

"A statement of a possible relationship between two or more variables" is the definition of which concept?

Which of the following is a way in which people can mislead others with statistics?

The sociological perspective reveals that:

What is the term for the value that occurs most often in a series of numbers?

What process involves deciding exactly what is to be measured when assigning value to a variable?

Which of the following is True about scientific sociology?

Validity is the quality of measurement gained by actually measuring what you want to measure.

Qualitative research has special appeal to investigators who favor which theoretical approach?

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