Question 1

What are recommendations for preventing insulin shock for the dental patient who is going to have intravenous sedation for a dental procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maintain their usual insulin dose prior to the appointment. 
B)  Supplement with intravenous glucose during the procedure. 
C)  Skip their normal meal (fast) prior to the appointment. 
D)  a and b 
E)  b and c 
A)  Maintain their usual insulin dose prior to the appointment. 
B)  Supplement with intravenous glucose during the procedure. 
C)  Skip their normal meal (fast) prior to the appointment. 
D)  a and b 
E)  b and c E

Question 2

(A/An)__% increased risk of infection postoperatively following surgical procedures has been reported if fasting blood glucose level rises to above 230 mg/100 mL.

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  40 
C)  60 
D)  80 
A)  20 
B)  40 
C)  60 
D)  80 D

Question 3

What are recommendations to prevent insulin shock during a routine dental appointment in a patient with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Skip their usual insulin dose prior to the appointment. 
B)  Schedule a morning appointment. 
C)  Skip their normal meal (fast) prior to the appointment. 
D)  a and b 
E)  b and c 
A)  Skip their usual insulin dose prior to the appointment. 
B)  Schedule a morning appointment. 
C)  Skip their normal meal (fast) prior to the appointment. 
D)  a and b 
E)  b and c B

Question 4

Which of the following types of human insulin are used at meals for type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  lispro and aspart 
B)  lente 
C)  ultralente 
D)  a and b 
A)  lispro and aspart 
B)  lente 
C)  ultralente 
D)  a and b

Question 5

The relative risk that patients with diabetes will require amputation of an extremity because of diabetic complications is more than ___ times that of normal persons.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40

Question 6

Which of the following medications is an incretin?

Accepted Answer

A)  nateglinide (Starlix) 
B)  exenatide (Byetta) 
C)  metformin (Glucophage) 
D)  acarbose (Precose) 
A)  nateglinide (Starlix) 
B)  exenatide (Byetta) 
C)  metformin (Glucophage) 
D)  acarbose (Precose)

Question 7

The American Diabetes Association recommends screening tests for diabetes mellitus for all persons who are __ years of age and older.

Accepted Answer

A)  35 
B)  45 
C)  55 
D)  65 
A)  35 
B)  45 
C)  55 
D)  65

Question 8

Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with the clinical presentation of type 2 diabetes,in contrast to type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  acute onset 
B)  polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia 
C)  insulin receptor defects 
D)  ketoacidosis 
A)  acute onset 
B)  polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia 
C)  insulin receptor defects 
D)  ketoacidosis

Question 9

Adults with uncontrolled diabetes have more severe manifestations of periodontal disease than do adults without diabetes.As a group,patients with controlled diabetes appear to have more severe periodontal disease than do those without it,but the differences are not great.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true, the second statement is false. 
D)  The first statement is false, the second statement is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true, the second statement is false. 
D)  The first statement is false, the second statement is true.

Question 10

Which of the following is the leading cause of death in patients with type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  stroke 
B)  renal failure 
C)  heart attack 
D)  hypertension 
A)  stroke 
B)  renal failure 
C)  heart attack 
D)  hypertension

Question 11

Which of the following is the major reason why the prevalence of diabetes mellitus has increased more than six-fold in the United States over the past 40 years?

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing population 
B)  increasing life expectancy 
C)  increasing epidemic of obesity 
D)  increasing number of affected persons who are having children who will pass on the disease 
A)  increasing population 
B)  increasing life expectancy 
C)  increasing epidemic of obesity 
D)  increasing number of affected persons who are having children who will pass on the disease

Question 12

Sulfonylurea drugs are members of which of the following classes of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin sensitizer 
B)  insulin secretagogue 
C)  drugs that slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the gut 
D)  incretins 
A)  insulin sensitizer 
B)  insulin secretagogue 
C)  drugs that slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the gut 
D)  incretins

Question 13

Which of the following is true of retinopathy as a consequence of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the leading cause of blindness in the United States. 
B)  Proliferative retinopathy is most common among patients with type 2 diabetes. 
C)  Cataracts occur at an earlier age and with greater frequency in those with type 1 diabetes. 
D)  a, b, and c 
E)  a and c 
A)  It is the leading cause of blindness in the United States. 
B)  Proliferative retinopathy is most common among patients with type 2 diabetes. 
C)  Cataracts occur at an earlier age and with greater frequency in those with type 1 diabetes. 
D)  a, b, and c 
E)  a and c

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding the dental use of local anesthetic and epinephrine for the patient with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  For most patients with diabetes, routine use of local anesthetic with 1:100,000 epinephrine is contraindicated. 
B)  Epinephrine has a pharmacologic effect that is opposite of insulin. 
C)  In diabetic patients with hypertension, caution may be indicated with use of epinephrine. 
D)  a and b 
E)  b and c 
A)  For most patients with diabetes, routine use of local anesthetic with 1:100,000 epinephrine is contraindicated. 
B)  Epinephrine has a pharmacologic effect that is opposite of insulin. 
C)  In diabetic patients with hypertension, caution may be indicated with use of epinephrine. 
D)  a and b 
E)  b and c

Question 15

Which of the following is the most common cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  heart attack 
B)  gangrene 
C)  stroke 
D)  renal failure 
A)  heart attack 
B)  gangrene 
C)  stroke 
D)  renal failure

Exam 14: Diabetes Mellitus

What are recommendations for preventing insulin shock for the dental patient who is going to have intravenous sedation for a dental procedure?

(A/An)__% increased risk of infection postoperatively following surgical procedures has been reported if fasting blood glucose level rises to above 230 mg/100 mL.

What are recommendations to prevent insulin shock during a routine dental appointment in a patient with diabetes?

Which of the following types of human insulin are used at meals for type 1 diabetes?

The relative risk that patients with diabetes will require amputation of an extremity because of diabetic complications is more than ___ times that of normal persons.

Which of the following medications is an incretin?

The American Diabetes Association recommends screening tests for diabetes mellitus for all persons who are __ years of age and older.

Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with the clinical presentation of type 2 diabetes,in contrast to type 1 diabetes?

Adults with uncontrolled diabetes have more severe manifestations of periodontal disease than do adults without diabetes.As a group,patients with controlled diabetes appear to have more severe periodontal disease than do those without it,but the differences are not great.

Which of the following is the leading cause of death in patients with type 1 diabetes?

Which of the following is the major reason why the prevalence of diabetes mellitus has increased more than six-fold in the United States over the past 40 years?

Sulfonylurea drugs are members of which of the following classes of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes?

Which of the following is true of retinopathy as a consequence of diabetes?

Which of the following is true regarding the dental use of local anesthetic and epinephrine for the patient with diabetes?

Which of the following is the most common cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes?

Patient Evaluation and Risk Assessment

Infective Endocarditis

Hypertension

Ischemic Heart Disease

Cardiac Arrhythmias

Heart Failure or Congestive Heart Failure

Pulmonary Disease

Smoking and Tobacco Use Cessation

Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders

Liver Disease

Gastrointestinal Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Adrenal Insufficiency

Thyroid Diseases

Pregnancy and Breast Feeding

Aids, HIV Infection, and Related Conditions

Allergy

Rheumatologic and Connective Tissue Disorders

Organ and Bone Marrow Transplantation

Disorders of Red Blood Cells

Disorders of White Blood Cells

Acquired Bleeding and Hypercoagulable Disorders

Congenital Bleeding and Hypercoagulable Disorders

Cancer and Oral Care of the Cancer Patient

Neurologic Disorders

Anxiety, eating Disorders, and Behavioral Reactions to Illness

Psychiatric Disorders

Drug and Alcohol Abuse

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