Exam 16: Collective Behavior, Social Movements, and Social Change

__________ movements seek limited change in some aspect of people's behavior.

Contrast collective behavior with other forms of organizational behavior.

Collective behavior tends to be __________.

Hare Krishna, Scientology, the Unification Church, and the Divine Light Mission are all examples of __________ movements.

__________ can arise in response to events that people believe are beyond their control, such as a major disruption in the economy. Although they are relatively rare, they receive massive media coverage because they evoke strong feelings of fear in readers and viewers.

Once a rumor begins to circulate, it seldom stops unless compelling information comes out that disproves the rumor or makes it obsolete.

Explain what Kai Erikson meant when he referred to a "new species of trouble" in the form of new forms of environmental problems.

A(n) __________ is a number of people who share an interest in a specific idea or issue but who are not in one another's immediate vicinity.

__________ theory focuses on the ability of members of a social movement to acquire resources and mobilize people in order to advance their cause.

Discuss the dynamics of collective behavior; that is, when are people most likely to act collectively, how do attitudes and behavior correlate with each other, and why might some people be more likely to act in a group than alone?​

In cities that provide opportunities for protests to be heard within local government, there is less social unrest and there are fewer public disruptions.

To reinforce the existing generalized belief, an inciting incident or dramatic event         must occur. This is the __________ condition of value-added theory.

Explain the relative deprivation theory of social movements.

All people who experience discontent or relative deprivation will eventually join a social movement of some type.

From the perspective of __________, individuals with similar characteristics or attitudes seek others who are similar with whom they can express their predispositions to behave and feel in different ways.

Some emergent norms give people a shared conviction that they may disregard ordinary rules such as waiting in line, taking turns, or treating a speaker courteously. These are termed __________ norms.

From the perspective of political opportunity theory, social movements__________.

According to sociologist Robert Park, social unrest is transmitted by a process of __________, in which one person's discontent is communicated to another, who, in turn, reflects the discontent back to the first person.

For a movement to develop, there must be a clear statement of the problem and a shared view of its causes, effects, and possible solutions. This illustrates the value-added condition of __________.

In the 1960s, African American students and sympathetic whites used sit-ins to call attention to racial injustice and demand social change. When these protests escalated into violent confrontations, these groups became __________ crowds.