Question 1

Can wealth legitimately be spread equally among the people of a nation according to any theory of justice we have discussed?

Accepted Answer

The question of whether wealth can legitimately be spread equally among the people of a nation according to any theory of justice is a complex and contentious issue.

From a utilitarian perspective, the goal of maximizing overall happiness and well-being may justify redistributing wealth to achieve greater equality. However, this approach may also raise concerns about the potential disincentives for productivity and innovation.

On the other hand, a Rawlsian theory of justice may argue for redistributive policies to address systemic inequalities and ensure a more fair distribution of resources. This approach prioritizes the needs of the least advantaged members of society and aims to create a more equitable distribution of wealth.

From a libertarian perspective, however, the idea of forcibly redistributing wealth may be seen as a violation of individual property rights and personal freedom. This approach emphasizes the importance of voluntary exchanges and limited government intervention in economic matters.

Ultimately, the question of whether wealth can legitimately be spread equally among the people of a nation according to any theory of justice is a matter of ongoing debate and may depend on the specific values and principles underlying each theory. There is no one-size-fits-all answer, and different theories of justice may lead to different conclusions about the legitimacy of equal wealth distribution.

Question 2

According to Robert Nozick,property rights exist prior to any social arrangements and are morally antecedent to any legislative decisions that a society might make.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

John Rawls's second principle of justice states that insofar as inequalities are permitted -- that is,insofar as it is compatible with justice for some jobs or positions to bring greater rewards than others -- these positions must be open to all.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Compare and contrast how Mill and Nozick would explain why stealing is wrong.

Accepted Answer

John Stuart Mill and Robert Nozick have

Question 5

According to Locke,

Accepted Answer

A) individuals are morally entitled to take other people's property. 
B) property is a moral right. 
C) individuals are not morally entitled to the products of their labor. 
D) property acquisition is a duty. 
A) individuals are morally entitled to take other people's property. 
B) property is a moral right. 
C) individuals are not morally entitled to the products of their labor. 
D) property acquisition is a duty.

Question 6

According to Mill,to say that I have a right to something is to say that I have a valid claim on society to protect me in the possession of that thing,either by force of law or through education and opinion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The difference principle of Rawls states

Accepted Answer

A) we are all created equal. 
B) inequalities are only justified if they benefit the least advantaged. 
C) we all deserve the same. 
D) some do deserve more than others. 
A) we are all created equal. 
B) inequalities are only justified if they benefit the least advantaged. 
C) we all deserve the same. 
D) some do deserve more than others.

Question 8

For utilitarians,justice is an independent moral standard distinct from their general principle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

How would Rawls view an inheritance from a family member?

Accepted Answer

John Rawls, an American political philos

Question 10

Many philosophers believe (as Aristotle did) that we are required,as a formal principle of justice,to treat similar cases alike except where there is some relevant difference.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Talk of justice and injustice typically focuses on four related moral ideas.Explain what two of them are.

Accepted Answer

Two of the related moral ideas that are

Question 12

Thanks to changes in the tax system,in recent years income in the United States has become more equal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

According to John Stuart Mill,what does it mean to say that a person has a right to something?

Accepted Answer

According to John Stuart Mill, a promine

Question 14

Mill justified utilitarianism from rival perspectives when he argued

Accepted Answer

A) that without utilitarianism to provide a determinate standard of justice,one is always left with a plethora of competing principles of justice,all of which seem to have plausibility but are mutually incompatible. 
B) that social utility is irrelevant to issues of justice. 
C) against worker participation. 
D) that only utilitarianism itself,as a normative theory,can provide an answer to the question: What economic system will bring more good to society than any other system? 
A) that without utilitarianism to provide a determinate standard of justice,one is always left with a plethora of competing principles of justice,all of which seem to have plausibility but are mutually incompatible. 
B) that social utility is irrelevant to issues of justice. 
C) against worker participation. 
D) that only utilitarianism itself,as a normative theory,can provide an answer to the question: What economic system will bring more good to society than any other system?

Question 15

Libertarians reject inheritance as a legitimate means of acquiring wealth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

John Isbister in "Income Distribution" argues that pay differentials are necessary to acknowledge capability,work and talent differences.What's a strong objection to his belief?

Accepted Answer

A strong objection to John Isbister's be

Question 17

The veil of ignorance assures us that people in the original position will be

Accepted Answer

A) difficult to come to agreement. 
B) impartial. 
C) biased. 
D) forgiving. 
A) difficult to come to agreement. 
B) impartial. 
C) biased. 
D) forgiving.

Question 18

In Anarchy,State and Utopia,Robert Nozick advocates

Accepted Answer

A) Libertarianism. 
B) Kantianism. 
C) Utilitarianism. 
D) Egoism. 
A) Libertarianism. 
B) Kantianism. 
C) Utilitarianism. 
D) Egoism.

Question 19

According to John Rawls,

Accepted Answer

A) people in the original position choose the principles on the basis of self-interest. 
B) in the original position,people must have full and complete knowledge. 
C) justice forbids any social or economic inequalities. 
D) liberty is of little or no importance compared to equality. 
A) people in the original position choose the principles on the basis of self-interest. 
B) in the original position,people must have full and complete knowledge. 
C) justice forbids any social or economic inequalities. 
D) liberty is of little or no importance compared to equality.

Question 20

Utilitarians are likely to be sympathetic to the argument that steps should be taken to reduce the great disparities of income that characterize our society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Can wealth legitimately be spread equally among the people of a nation according to any theory of justice we have discussed?

According to Robert Nozick,property rights exist prior to any social arrangements and are morally antecedent to any legislative decisions that a society might make.

John Rawls's second principle of justice states that insofar as inequalities are permitted -- that is,insofar as it is compatible with justice for some jobs or positions to bring greater rewards than others -- these positions must be open to all.

Compare and contrast how Mill and Nozick would explain why stealing is wrong.

According to Locke,

According to Mill,to say that I have a right to something is to say that I have a valid claim on society to protect me in the possession of that thing,either by force of law or through education and opinion.

The difference principle of Rawls states

For utilitarians,justice is an independent moral standard distinct from their general principle.

How would Rawls view an inheritance from a family member?

Many philosophers believe (as Aristotle did) that we are required,as a formal principle of justice,to treat similar cases alike except where there is some relevant difference.

Talk of justice and injustice typically focuses on four related moral ideas.Explain what two of them are.

Thanks to changes in the tax system,in recent years income in the United States has become more equal.

According to John Stuart Mill,what does it mean to say that a person has a right to something?

Mill justified utilitarianism from rival perspectives when he argued

Libertarians reject inheritance as a legitimate means of acquiring wealth.

John Isbister in "Income Distribution" argues that pay differentials are necessary to acknowledge capability,work and talent differences.What's a strong objection to his belief?

The veil of ignorance assures us that people in the original position will be

In Anarchy,State and Utopia,Robert Nozick advocates

According to John Rawls,

Utilitarians are likely to be sympathetic to the argument that steps should be taken to reduce the great disparities of income that characterize our society.

The Nature of Morality

Normative Theories of Ethics

The Nature of Capitalism

Corporations

Consumers

The Environment

The Workplace 1: Basic Issues

The Workplace 2: Todays Challenges

Moral Choices Facing Employees

Job Discrimination

Filters

Exam 3: Justice and Economic Distribution

Can wealth legitimately be spread equally among the people of a nation according to any theory of justice we have discussed?

According to Robert Nozick,property rights exist prior to any social arrangements and are morally antecedent to any legislative decisions that a society might make.

John Rawls's second principle of justice states that insofar as inequalities are permitted -- that is,insofar as it is compatible with justice for some jobs or positions to bring greater rewards than others -- these positions must be open to all.

Compare and contrast how Mill and Nozick would explain why stealing is wrong.

According to Locke,

According to Mill,to say that I have a right to something is to say that I have a valid claim on society to protect me in the possession of that thing,either by force of law or through education and opinion.

The difference principle of Rawls states

For utilitarians,justice is an independent moral standard distinct from their general principle.

How would Rawls view an inheritance from a family member?

Many philosophers believe (as Aristotle did) that we are required,as a formal principle of justice,to treat similar cases alike except where there is some relevant difference.

Talk of justice and injustice typically focuses on four related moral ideas.Explain what two of them are.

Thanks to changes in the tax system,in recent years income in the United States has become more equal.

According to John Stuart Mill,what does it mean to say that a person has a right to something?

Mill justified utilitarianism from rival perspectives when he argued

Libertarians reject inheritance as a legitimate means of acquiring wealth.

John Isbister in "Income Distribution" argues that pay differentials are necessary to acknowledge capability,work and talent differences.What's a strong objection to his belief?

The veil of ignorance assures us that people in the original position will be

In Anarchy,State and Utopia,Robert Nozick advocates

According to John Rawls,

Utilitarians are likely to be sympathetic to the argument that steps should be taken to reduce the great disparities of income that characterize our society.

The Nature of Morality

Normative Theories of Ethics

The Nature of Capitalism

Corporations

Consumers

The Environment

The Workplace 1: Basic Issues

The Workplace 2: Todays Challenges

Moral Choices Facing Employees

Job Discrimination

Filters