Question 1

A shortcoming of the Theory X leadership approach seems to be that it fails to consider

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological efficiency. 
B)  work efficiency. 
C)  management rights. 
D)  workplace design. 
A)  psychological efficiency. 
B)  work efficiency. 
C)  management rights. 
D)  workplace design.

Question 2

Which type of psychologists studies the behavior of people at work as well as their behavior within the structure and culture of each particular business or company?

Accepted Answer

A)  industrial/organizational 
B)  environmental 
C)  comparative 
D)  sociological 
A)  industrial/organizational 
B)  environmental 
C)  comparative 
D)  sociological

Question 3

Jeff is taking part in a situational judgment test in which he is asked to read through numerous memos,requests,and typical business problems and then take appropriate action.Jeff is being assessed using a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  quality circle test. 
B)  in-basket test. 
C)  management by objectives inventory. 
D)  leaderless group discussion. 
A)  quality circle test. 
B)  in-basket test. 
C)  management by objectives inventory. 
D)  leaderless group discussion.

Question 4

Mandy's favorite subject is economics.If she were to take an interest inventory,her interest would most likely be within which theme area?

Accepted Answer

A)  social 
B)  realistic 
C)  conventional 
D)  investigative 
A)  social 
B)  realistic 
C)  conventional 
D)  investigative

Question 5

Regarding employees who show organizational citizenship,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They contribute to the success of the company in a number of different ways. 
B)  They display "good sportsmanship" in the work setting. 
C)  They tend to be regarded as troublemakers by their fellow employees. 
D)  They keep themselves informed about what is going on in the company. 
A)  They contribute to the success of the company in a number of different ways. 
B)  They display "good sportsmanship" in the work setting. 
C)  They tend to be regarded as troublemakers by their fellow employees. 
D)  They keep themselves informed about what is going on in the company.

Question 6

Regarding management by objectives,which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Workers choose the specific goals they will meet, although the specific method for reaching this goal is set by executive management team. 
B)  Workers become confused and productivity decreases when workers are required to devise methods for meeting quotas. 
C)  Workers are free to choose within limits how they will achieve their goals. 
D)  Workers tend to get stressed by receiving feedback about their progress toward their goals. 
A)  Workers choose the specific goals they will meet, although the specific method for reaching this goal is set by executive management team. 
B)  Workers become confused and productivity decreases when workers are required to devise methods for meeting quotas. 
C)  Workers are free to choose within limits how they will achieve their goals. 
D)  Workers tend to get stressed by receiving feedback about their progress toward their goals.

Question 7

Assumptions made by Theory X leaders include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Time-and-motion studies and job specialization increase productivity. 
B)  People are industrious, creative, and rewarded by challenging work. 
C)  Workers must be given some degree of freedom and responsibility in completing their work. 
D)  All of these statements describe Theory X leadership. 
A)  Time-and-motion studies and job specialization increase productivity. 
B)  People are industrious, creative, and rewarded by challenging work. 
C)  Workers must be given some degree of freedom and responsibility in completing their work. 
D)  All of these statements describe Theory X leadership.

Question 8

Which of the following are defined by groups of people and their activities or interrelationships,such as sporting events or business meetings?

Accepted Answer

A)  physical environments 
B)  social environments 
C)  behavioral settings 
D)  territorial settings 
A)  physical environments 
B)  social environments 
C)  behavioral settings 
D)  territorial settings

Question 9

Natural settings,such as forests and beaches,as well as environments built by humans,such as buildings,ships,and cities,would be classified by environmental psychologists as

Accepted Answer

A)  physical environments. 
B)  social environments. 
C)  behavioral settings. 
D)  territorial settings. 
A)  physical environments. 
B)  social environments. 
C)  behavioral settings. 
D)  territorial settings.

Question 10

Personnel psychology is a branch of

Accepted Answer

A)  industrial-organizational psychology concerned with the testing, selection, and promotion of employees. 
B)  comparative psychology concerned with the difference in work efficiency and psychological efficiency. 
C)  social psychology concerned with developing agentic leadership styles. 
D)  applied psychology concerned with consumer preferences and marketing strategies. 
A)  industrial-organizational psychology concerned with the testing, selection, and promotion of employees. 
B)  comparative psychology concerned with the difference in work efficiency and psychological efficiency. 
C)  social psychology concerned with developing agentic leadership styles. 
D)  applied psychology concerned with consumer preferences and marketing strategies.

Question 11

Higher job satisfaction cultivates positive moods,which are associated with all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  increased absenteeism. 
B)  increased creative problem-solving. 
C)  more cooperation. 
D)  better performance. 
A)  increased absenteeism. 
B)  increased creative problem-solving. 
C)  more cooperation. 
D)  better performance.

Question 12

Healthy organizations promote well-being by doing all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  expressing sincere gratitude for the efforts of others. 
B)  showing tolerance and respect for the different needs, values, and experiences of others. 
C)  showing a capacity to forgive individuals who make mistakes. 
D)  providing disciplinary actions and mandatory counseling for those who chronically complain or blame others. 
A)  expressing sincere gratitude for the efforts of others. 
B)  showing tolerance and respect for the different needs, values, and experiences of others. 
C)  showing a capacity to forgive individuals who make mistakes. 
D)  providing disciplinary actions and mandatory counseling for those who chronically complain or blame others.

Question 13

Two elements that make Theory Y leadership methods effective are

Accepted Answer

A)  shared leadership and management by objectives. 
B)  time-and-motion studies and task analysis. 
C)  scientific management and variable pay schedules. 
D)  job specialization and task analysis. 
A)  shared leadership and management by objectives. 
B)  time-and-motion studies and task analysis. 
C)  scientific management and variable pay schedules. 
D)  job specialization and task analysis.

Question 14

Regarding increased job satisfaction,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased job satisfaction leads to positive moods, which are associated with more creative problem solving. 
B)  Increased job satisfaction is fostered by Theory X management. 
C)  Increased job satisfaction is not entirely a matter of work conditions. 
D)  Increased job satisfaction usually results in lower training costs and less absenteeism. 
A)  Increased job satisfaction leads to positive moods, which are associated with more creative problem solving. 
B)  Increased job satisfaction is fostered by Theory X management. 
C)  Increased job satisfaction is not entirely a matter of work conditions. 
D)  Increased job satisfaction usually results in lower training costs and less absenteeism.

Question 15

Recent studies suggest that personal interviews can be improved by

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting specific biodata. 
B)  asking each candidate the same questions. 
C)  utilizing the halo effect. 
D)  doing all of these. 
A)  collecting specific biodata. 
B)  asking each candidate the same questions. 
C)  utilizing the halo effect. 
D)  doing all of these.

Question 16

The tendency of interviewers to extend favorable or unfavorable impressions to unrelated aspects of an individual's personality is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the halo effect. 
B)  impression management. 
C)  the critical incidents effect. 
D)  the biodata discrepancy phenomenon. 
A)  the halo effect. 
B)  impression management. 
C)  the critical incidents effect. 
D)  the biodata discrepancy phenomenon.

Question 17

Regarding environments,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Specific environments have a significant impact on one's behavior. 
B)  People have a significant impact on both natural and constructed environments. 
C)  Various behavioral settings place strong demands on people to act in expected ways. 
D)  Ethological psychologists study the relationship between environments and human behavior. 
A)  Specific environments have a significant impact on one's behavior. 
B)  People have a significant impact on both natural and constructed environments. 
C)  Various behavioral settings place strong demands on people to act in expected ways. 
D)  Ethological psychologists study the relationship between environments and human behavior.

Question 18

Offices,locker rooms,church sanctuaries,and classrooms are all

Accepted Answer

A)  territorial markers. 
B)  behavioral settings. 
C)  natural environments. 
D)  personal spaces. 
A)  territorial markers. 
B)  behavioral settings. 
C)  natural environments. 
D)  personal spaces.

Question 19

An in-basket test and leaderless group discussions are examples of __________ tests.

Accepted Answer

A)  quality circle 
B)  vocational interest 
C)  management by objectives 
D)  situational judgment 
A)  quality circle 
B)  vocational interest 
C)  management by objectives 
D)  situational judgment

Question 20

Which of the following would be a topic of special interest to industrial-organizational psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  leadership 
B)  machine design 
C)  job enrichment 
D)  all of these 
A)  leadership 
B)  machine design 
C)  job enrichment 
D)  all of these

Exam 18: A: Applied Psychology

A shortcoming of the Theory X leadership approach seems to be that it fails to consider

Which type of psychologists studies the behavior of people at work as well as their behavior within the structure and culture of each particular business or company?

Jeff is taking part in a situational judgment test in which he is asked to read through numerous memos,requests,and typical business problems and then take appropriate action.Jeff is being assessed using a(n)

Mandy's favorite subject is economics.If she were to take an interest inventory,her interest would most likely be within which theme area?

Regarding employees who show organizational citizenship,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Regarding management by objectives,which of the following statements is TRUE?

Assumptions made by Theory X leaders include which of the following?

Which of the following are defined by groups of people and their activities or interrelationships,such as sporting events or business meetings?

Natural settings,such as forests and beaches,as well as environments built by humans,such as buildings,ships,and cities,would be classified by environmental psychologists as

Personnel psychology is a branch of

Higher job satisfaction cultivates positive moods,which are associated with all of the following EXCEPT

Healthy organizations promote well-being by doing all of the following EXCEPT

Two elements that make Theory Y leadership methods effective are

Regarding increased job satisfaction,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Recent studies suggest that personal interviews can be improved by

The tendency of interviewers to extend favorable or unfavorable impressions to unrelated aspects of an individual's personality is called

Regarding environments,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Offices,locker rooms,church sanctuaries,and classrooms are all

An in-basket test and leaderless group discussions are examples of __________ tests.

Which of the following would be a topic of special interest to industrial-organizational psychologists?

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior