Question 1

The defecation reflex involves

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic nerves. 
B)  relaxation of both the internal and external anal sphincters. 
C)  conscious control of both the internal and external anal sphincters. 
D)  relaxation of the ileocecal valve to move feces into the rectum. 
E)  parasympathetic nerve control from sacral nerves. 
A)  sympathetic nerves. 
B)  relaxation of both the internal and external anal sphincters. 
C)  conscious control of both the internal and external anal sphincters. 
D)  relaxation of the ileocecal valve to move feces into the rectum. 
E)  parasympathetic nerve control from sacral nerves.

Question 2

A blockage of the ducts from the parotid glands would

Accepted Answer

A)  occur when too much protein is ingested. 
B)  cause mumps. 
C)  interfere with carbohydrate digestion in the mouth. 
D)  prevent emulsification of lipids. 
E)  inhibit the secretion of saliva from other glands. 
A)  occur when too much protein is ingested. 
B)  cause mumps. 
C)  interfere with carbohydrate digestion in the mouth. 
D)  prevent emulsification of lipids. 
E)  inhibit the secretion of saliva from other glands.

Question 3

Match the gastric phase on the left (1-3) with the correct description on the right (4-6):
1) intestinal phase 4. prepares stomach for arrival of food
2) gastric phase 5. stomach empties and decreases secretions
3) cephalic phase 6. stomach secretes juice and mixes food into chyme

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 4; 2 and 5; 3 and 6 
B)  1 and 6; 2 and 4; 3 and 5 
C)  1 and 5; 2 and 4; 3 and 6 
D)  1 and 6; 2 and 5; 3 and 4 
E)  1 and 5; 2 and 6; 3 and 4 
A)  1 and 4; 2 and 5; 3 and 6 
B)  1 and 6; 2 and 4; 3 and 5 
C)  1 and 5; 2 and 4; 3 and 6 
D)  1 and 6; 2 and 5; 3 and 4 
E)  1 and 5; 2 and 6; 3 and 4

Question 4

Sucrose is hydrolyzed by sucrase into glucose and

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  lactose. 
C)  fructose. 
D)  maltose. 
E)  galactose. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  lactose. 
C)  fructose. 
D)  maltose. 
E)  galactose.

Question 5

Complexes of fatty acids, monoglycerides, and bile salts are called

Accepted Answer

A)  chylomicrons. 
B)  countertransporters. 
C)  vesicles. 
D)  micelles. 
E)  varicosities. 
A)  chylomicrons. 
B)  countertransporters. 
C)  vesicles. 
D)  micelles. 
E)  varicosities.

Question 6

Which of the following has an association with the fetal umbilical vein?

Accepted Answer

A)  falciform ligament 
B)  greater omentum 
C)  mesentery proper 
D)  lesser omentum 
E)  diaphragm 
A)  falciform ligament 
B)  greater omentum 
C)  mesentery proper 
D)  lesser omentum 
E)  diaphragm

Question 7

Identify the incorrect pairing.

Accepted Answer

A)  gallbladder; stores bile 
B)  esophagus; transports material to stomach 
C)  pancreas; secretes amylases 
D)  liver; produces intrinsic factor 
E)  stomach; has an alkaline lining 
A)  gallbladder; stores bile 
B)  esophagus; transports material to stomach 
C)  pancreas; secretes amylases 
D)  liver; produces intrinsic factor 
E)  stomach; has an alkaline lining

Question 8

The basic functional units of the liver are the

Accepted Answer

A)  hepatocytes. 
B)  stellate macrophages. 
C)  lobules. 
D)  portal areas. 
E)  bile canaliculi. 
A)  hepatocytes. 
B)  stellate macrophages. 
C)  lobules. 
D)  portal areas. 
E)  bile canaliculi.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a component of the portal triad found at the edges of a liver lobule?

Accepted Answer

A)  hepatic artery 
B)  bile duct 
C)  central vein 
D)  hepatic portal vein 
A)  hepatic artery 
B)  bile duct 
C)  central vein 
D)  hepatic portal vein

Question 10

The movement of nutrients from the digestive tract lumen across the epithelium is called

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical digestion. 
B)  absorption. 
C)  secretion. 
D)  reabsorption. 
E)  ingestion. 
A)  chemical digestion. 
B)  absorption. 
C)  secretion. 
D)  reabsorption. 
E)  ingestion.

Question 11

Which is not part of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)  cecum 
B)  sigmoid colon 
C)  ileum 
D)  transverse colon 
E)  rectum 
A)  cecum 
B)  sigmoid colon 
C)  ileum 
D)  transverse colon 
E)  rectum

Question 12

The oral mucosa has ________ epithelium.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple squamous 
B)  stratified squamous 
C)  pseudostratified 
D)  stratified columnar 
E)  transitional 
A)  simple squamous 
B)  stratified squamous 
C)  pseudostratified 
D)  stratified columnar 
E)  transitional

Question 13

An obstruction of the bile duct often results in

Accepted Answer

A)  undigested fat in the feces. 
B)  a decrease in production of pancreatic juice. 
C)  inability to digest protein. 
D)  cirrhosis of the liver. 
E)  hepatitis. 
A)  undigested fat in the feces. 
B)  a decrease in production of pancreatic juice. 
C)  inability to digest protein. 
D)  cirrhosis of the liver. 
E)  hepatitis.

Question 14

The double-layer sheets of serous membrane that support the viscera are called

Accepted Answer

A)  peritoneal sheets. 
B)  mesenteries. 
C)  ascites. 
D)  the diaphragm. 
E)  the dorsal and ventral frenulums. 
A)  peritoneal sheets. 
B)  mesenteries. 
C)  ascites. 
D)  the diaphragm. 
E)  the dorsal and ventral frenulums.

Question 15

Figure 24-1 The Stomach (dissected)
  
Use Figure 24-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the stomach region labeled "12."

Accepted Answer

A)  cardia 
B)  pyloric part 
C)  body 
D)  fundus 
E)  rugae 
A)  cardia 
B)  pyloric part 
C)  body 
D)  fundus 
E)  rugae

Question 16

During the cephalic phase of gastric secretion,

Accepted Answer

A)  the stomach responds to distention. 
B)  secretin inhibits parietal and chief cells. 
C)  CNS sensory or cognitive activation increases neural stimulation of the stomach. 
D)  the intestinal reflex inhibits gastric emptying. 
E)  the gastroileal reflex decreases production of gastric juice. 
A)  the stomach responds to distention. 
B)  secretin inhibits parietal and chief cells. 
C)  CNS sensory or cognitive activation increases neural stimulation of the stomach. 
D)  the intestinal reflex inhibits gastric emptying. 
E)  the gastroileal reflex decreases production of gastric juice.

Question 17

All of the following are true of the intestinal phase of gastric digestion except that it

Accepted Answer

A)  precedes the gastric phase. 
B)  functions to control the rate of gastric emptying. 
C)  involves both neural and endocrine reflexes. 
D)  helps ensure that the functions of the small intestine proceed with relative efficiency. 
E)  begins when chyme enters the small intestine. 
A)  precedes the gastric phase. 
B)  functions to control the rate of gastric emptying. 
C)  involves both neural and endocrine reflexes. 
D)  helps ensure that the functions of the small intestine proceed with relative efficiency. 
E)  begins when chyme enters the small intestine.

Question 18

Figure 24-2 The Wall of the Small Intestine
  
Use Figure 24-2 to answer the following questions:
-Which structure controls the contraction of the muscularis externa?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  8 
C)  9 
D)  10 
E)  11 
A)  2 
B)  8 
C)  9 
D)  10 
E)  11

Question 19

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term pancreatic juice?

Accepted Answer

A)  produced by endocrine tissue 
B)  produced by pancreatic islets 
C)  rich in bile 
D)  rich in insulin and glucagon produced by pancreatic islets 
E)  alkaline mixture of enzymes, water and ions produced by acinar cells 
A)  produced by endocrine tissue 
B)  produced by pancreatic islets 
C)  rich in bile 
D)  rich in insulin and glucagon produced by pancreatic islets 
E)  alkaline mixture of enzymes, water and ions produced by acinar cells

Question 20

The ________ salivary glands are covered by the mucous membrane in the floor of the mouth.

Accepted Answer

A)  mandibular 
B)  sublingual 
C)  lingual 
D)  submandibular 
E)  parotid 
A)  mandibular 
B)  sublingual 
C)  lingual 
D)  submandibular 
E)  parotid

Exam 24: The Digestive System

The defecation reflex involves

A blockage of the ducts from the parotid glands would

Match the gastric phase on the left (1-3) with the correct description on the right (4-6): 1) intestinal phase 4. prepares stomach for arrival of food 2) gastric phase 5. stomach empties and decreases secretions 3) cephalic phase 6. stomach secretes juice and mixes food into chyme

Sucrose is hydrolyzed by sucrase into glucose and

Complexes of fatty acids, monoglycerides, and bile salts are called

Which of the following has an association with the fetal umbilical vein?

Identify the incorrect pairing.

The basic functional units of the liver are the

Which of the following is not a component of the portal triad found at the edges of a liver lobule?

The movement of nutrients from the digestive tract lumen across the epithelium is called

Which is not part of the large intestine?

The oral mucosa has ________ epithelium.

An obstruction of the bile duct often results in

The double-layer sheets of serous membrane that support the viscera are called

Figure 24-1 The Stomach (dissected) Use Figure 24-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the stomach region labeled "12."

During the cephalic phase of gastric secretion,

All of the following are true of the intestinal phase of gastric digestion except that it

Figure 24-2 The Wall of the Small Intestine Use Figure 24-2 to answer the following questions: -Which structure controls the contraction of the muscularis externa?

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term pancreatic juice?

The ________ salivary glands are covered by the mucous membrane in the floor of the mouth.

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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