Question 1

A ________ antigen is an antigen with at least two antigenic determinant sites.

Accepted Answer

A)  complete 
B)  perfect 
C)  mature 
D)  paired 
E)  dipolar 
A)  complete 
B)  perfect 
C)  mature 
D)  paired 
E)  dipolar

Question 2

Changes in the immune system that accompany aging include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  T cells becoming less responsive to antigens. 
B)  fewer cytotoxic T cells responding to infections. 
C)  decreased numbers of T helper cells. 
D)  more efficient secondary responses. 
E)  B cells are less responsive. 
A)  T cells becoming less responsive to antigens. 
B)  fewer cytotoxic T cells responding to infections. 
C)  decreased numbers of T helper cells. 
D)  more efficient secondary responses. 
E)  B cells are less responsive.

Question 3

An important protein in the activation of the alternative pathway of complement activation is

Accepted Answer

A)  properdin. 
B)  interferon. 
C)  histamine. 
D)  fibrin. 
E)  C1. 
A)  properdin. 
B)  interferon. 
C)  histamine. 
D)  fibrin. 
E)  C1.

Question 4

All of the following are characteristics of adaptive defenses except

Accepted Answer

A)  versatility. 
B)  tolerance. 
C)  memory. 
D)  specificity. 
E)  present at birth. 
A)  versatility. 
B)  tolerance. 
C)  memory. 
D)  specificity. 
E)  present at birth.

Question 5

Another term for antibodies is

Accepted Answer

A)  cytokines. 
B)  cytosolic factors. 
C)  interleukins. 
D)  interferons. 
E)  immunoglobulins. 
A)  cytokines. 
B)  cytosolic factors. 
C)  interleukins. 
D)  interferons. 
E)  immunoglobulins.

Question 6

When an antigen is bound to a Class I MHC molecule, it can stimulate a ________ cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  B 
B)  plasma 
C)  helper T 
D)  cytotoxic T 
E)  NK 
A)  B 
B)  plasma 
C)  helper T 
D)  cytotoxic T 
E)  NK

Question 7

Lymphocytes that destroy foreign cells or virus-infected cells are ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma 
B)  B 
C)  helper T 
D)  cytotoxic T 
E)  suppressor T 
A)  plasma 
B)  B 
C)  helper T 
D)  cytotoxic T 
E)  suppressor T

Question 8

Immunity that results from antibodies that pass through the placenta from mother to fetus is called ________ immunity.

Accepted Answer

A)  naturally acquired active 
B)  naturally acquired passive 
C)  artificially acquired active 
D)  artificially acquired passive 
E)  innate 
A)  naturally acquired active 
B)  naturally acquired passive 
C)  artificially acquired active 
D)  artificially acquired passive 
E)  innate

Question 9

Which is not a way that antigen-antibody complexes may cause elimination of the antigen?

Accepted Answer

A)  opsonization 
B)  enhancing phagocytosis 
C)  activation of complement 
D)  neutralization 
E)  sensitization 
A)  opsonization 
B)  enhancing phagocytosis 
C)  activation of complement 
D)  neutralization 
E)  sensitization

Question 10

Immunoglobulins that are most abundant and are responsible for resistance against many viruses, bacteria,and bacterial toxins are

Accepted Answer

A)  IgA. 
B)  IgD. 
C)  IgE. 
D)  IgG. 
E)  IgM. 
A)  IgA. 
B)  IgD. 
C)  IgE. 
D)  IgG. 
E)  IgM.

Question 11

Specialized lymphatic capillaries called lacteals are

Accepted Answer

A)  located primarily in the large intestine. 
B)  necessary for the transport of dietary lipids. 
C)  part of the fenestrated capillary group. 
D)  more numerous than blood capillaries. 
E)  located throughout the body. 
A)  located primarily in the large intestine. 
B)  necessary for the transport of dietary lipids. 
C)  part of the fenestrated capillary group. 
D)  more numerous than blood capillaries. 
E)  located throughout the body.

Question 12

In-Text Figure Based Questions
-What type of immunity develops after receiving a vaccine? (Figure 22-17)

Accepted Answer

A)  innate immunity 
B)  naturally acquired active immunity 
C)  artificially acquired active immunity 
D)  naturally acquired passive immunity 
E)  artificially acquired passive immunity 
A)  innate immunity 
B)  naturally acquired active immunity 
C)  artificially acquired active immunity 
D)  naturally acquired passive immunity 
E)  artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 13

Immunoglobulins that are found on the surface of B cells and that may activate antibody production are

Accepted Answer

A)  IgA. 
B)  IgD. 
C)  IgE. 
D)  IgG. 
E)  IgM. 
A)  IgA. 
B)  IgD. 
C)  IgE. 
D)  IgG. 
E)  IgM.

Question 14

The blood-thymus barrier is made up of

Accepted Answer

A)  immature T cells. 
B)  mature T cells. 
C)  macrophages. 
D)  plasma cells. 
E)  epithelial reticular cells. 
A)  immature T cells. 
B)  mature T cells. 
C)  macrophages. 
D)  plasma cells. 
E)  epithelial reticular cells.

Question 15

________ are clusters of lymphatic nodules deep to the epithelial lining of the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

A)  Tonsils 
B)  Adenoids 
C)  Peyer's patches 
D)  Immune complexes 
E)  Lymph glands 
A)  Tonsils 
B)  Adenoids 
C)  Peyer's patches 
D)  Immune complexes 
E)  Lymph glands

Question 16

If the disulfide bonds in IgG were broken, how many peptide chains would be set free?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  1 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  1

Question 17

List and briefly describe the components of the lymphatic system.

Accepted Answer

The lymphatic system consists of (1) lym

Question 18

Autoantibodies are

Accepted Answer

A)  produced by activated T cells. 
B)  produced during an allergic reaction. 
C)  directed against the body's own antigens. 
D)  the first step in immunological competence. 
E)  important in tissue rejection reactions. 
A)  produced by activated T cells. 
B)  produced during an allergic reaction. 
C)  directed against the body's own antigens. 
D)  the first step in immunological competence. 
E)  important in tissue rejection reactions.

Question 19

Lymph fluid enters the venous circulation via the

Accepted Answer

A)  right atrium. 
B)  subclavian veins. 
C)  brachiocephalic trunks. 
D)  jugular veins. 
E)  superior and inferior vena cava. 
A)  right atrium. 
B)  subclavian veins. 
C)  brachiocephalic trunks. 
D)  jugular veins. 
E)  superior and inferior vena cava.

Question 20

Immunity that results from exposure to an antigen in the environment is called ________ immunity.

Accepted Answer

A)  naturally acquired active 
B)  naturally acquired passive 
C)  artificially acquired active 
D)  artificially acquired passive 
E)  innate 
A)  naturally acquired active 
B)  naturally acquired passive 
C)  artificially acquired active 
D)  artificially acquired passive 
E)  innate

Exam 22: The Lymphatic System and Immunity

A ________ antigen is an antigen with at least two antigenic determinant sites.

Changes in the immune system that accompany aging include all of the following except

An important protein in the activation of the alternative pathway of complement activation is

All of the following are characteristics of adaptive defenses except

Another term for antibodies is

When an antigen is bound to a Class I MHC molecule, it can stimulate a ________ cell.

Lymphocytes that destroy foreign cells or virus-infected cells are ________ cells.

Immunity that results from antibodies that pass through the placenta from mother to fetus is called ________ immunity.

Which is not a way that antigen-antibody complexes may cause elimination of the antigen?

Immunoglobulins that are most abundant and are responsible for resistance against many viruses, bacteria,and bacterial toxins are

Specialized lymphatic capillaries called lacteals are

In-Text Figure Based Questions -What type of immunity develops after receiving a vaccine? (Figure 22-17)

Immunoglobulins that are found on the surface of B cells and that may activate antibody production are

The blood-thymus barrier is made up of

________ are clusters of lymphatic nodules deep to the epithelial lining of the small intestine.

If the disulfide bonds in IgG were broken, how many peptide chains would be set free?

List and briefly describe the components of the lymphatic system.

Autoantibodies are

Lymph fluid enters the venous circulation via the

Immunity that results from exposure to an antigen in the environment is called ________ immunity.

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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