Question 1

Edema may occur when

Accepted Answer

A)  the plasma concentration of protein is reduced. 
B)  capillary hydrostatic pressure is elevated. 
C)  capillary endothelium permeability goes up. 
D)  the plasma concentration of protein is reduced and capillary endothelium permeability goes up. 
E)  the plasma concentration of protein is reduced, capillary hydrostatic pressure is elevated, and the capillary endothelium permeability goes up. 
A)  the plasma concentration of protein is reduced. 
B)  capillary hydrostatic pressure is elevated. 
C)  capillary endothelium permeability goes up. 
D)  the plasma concentration of protein is reduced and capillary endothelium permeability goes up. 
E)  the plasma concentration of protein is reduced, capillary hydrostatic pressure is elevated, and the capillary endothelium permeability goes up.

Question 2

In the bone marrow, new blood cells must enter the circulation through

Accepted Answer

A)  arterioles. 
B)  continuous capillaries. 
C)  fenestrated capillaries. 
D)  sinusoidal capillaries. 
E)  venules. 
A)  arterioles. 
B)  continuous capillaries. 
C)  fenestrated capillaries. 
D)  sinusoidal capillaries. 
E)  venules.

Question 3

Branches of the thoracic aorta include all of the following except the ________ arteries.

Accepted Answer

A)  basilar 
B)  superior phrenic 
C)  esophageal 
D)  bronchial 
E)  intercostal 
A)  basilar 
B)  superior phrenic 
C)  esophageal 
D)  bronchial 
E)  intercostal

Question 4

The ________ is the kidney's sole blood supply.

Accepted Answer

A)  celiac trunk 
B)  abdominal aorta 
C)  hepatic artery 
D)  renal artery 
E)  superior mesenteric artery 
A)  celiac trunk 
B)  abdominal aorta 
C)  hepatic artery 
D)  renal artery 
E)  superior mesenteric artery

Question 5

Blood pressure is determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  measuring the size of the pulse. 
B)  listening carefully to the pulse. 
C)  estimating the pressure needed to close off an artery with an external pressure cuff. 
D)  estimating the degree of turbulence in a partly closed vessel. 
E)  measuring the force of contraction of the left ventricle. 
A)  measuring the size of the pulse. 
B)  listening carefully to the pulse. 
C)  estimating the pressure needed to close off an artery with an external pressure cuff. 
D)  estimating the degree of turbulence in a partly closed vessel. 
E)  measuring the force of contraction of the left ventricle.

Question 6

Which of these is not a short-term response to a decrease in blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  release of EPO 
B)  increase in heart rate 
C)  increase in heart contractility 
D)  peripheral vasoconstriction 
E)  release of epinephrine and norepinephrine 
A)  release of EPO 
B)  increase in heart rate 
C)  increase in heart contractility 
D)  peripheral vasoconstriction 
E)  release of epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 7

Fear can result in

Accepted Answer

A)  increased stimulation of the cardioinhibitory center by higher brain centers. 
B)  increased stimulation of the cardioacceleratory center by higher brain centers. 
C)  decreased heart rate. 
D)  decreased blood pressure. 
E)  parasympathetic stimulation. 
A)  increased stimulation of the cardioinhibitory center by higher brain centers. 
B)  increased stimulation of the cardioacceleratory center by higher brain centers. 
C)  decreased heart rate. 
D)  decreased blood pressure. 
E)  parasympathetic stimulation.

Question 8

Figure 21-2 Veins
  
Use Figure 21-2 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the vein labeled "9."

Accepted Answer

A)  axillary 
B)  brachial 
C)  cephalic 
D)  basilic 
E)  median cubital 
A)  axillary 
B)  brachial 
C)  cephalic 
D)  basilic 
E)  median cubital

Question 9

Blood from the dorsal venous arch is drained by the ________ vein(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  small saphenous 
B)  great saphenous 
C)  posterior tibial 
D)  small saphenous and great saphenous 
E)  posterior tibial and great saphenous 
A)  small saphenous 
B)  great saphenous 
C)  posterior tibial 
D)  small saphenous and great saphenous 
E)  posterior tibial and great saphenous

Question 10

The lower part of the large intestine including the rectum receives blood from the

Accepted Answer

A)  celiac trunk. 
B)  inferior mesenteric artery. 
C)  internal iliac artery. 
D)  abdominal aorta. 
E)  external iliac artery. 
A)  celiac trunk. 
B)  inferior mesenteric artery. 
C)  internal iliac artery. 
D)  abdominal aorta. 
E)  external iliac artery.

Question 11

Your friend tells you that her baby was dubbed a "blue baby" by hospital staff and that it was born witha "hole in its heart". Provide an explanation to your friend of this phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

A fetus has reduced need for blood flow

Question 12

Compared to arteries, veins

Accepted Answer

A)  are rounder in a sectional cut. 
B)  have more smooth muscle in their tunica media. 
C)  have a pleated endothelium. 
D)  have thinner walls. 
E)  hold their shape better when cut. 
A)  are rounder in a sectional cut. 
B)  have more smooth muscle in their tunica media. 
C)  have a pleated endothelium. 
D)  have thinner walls. 
E)  hold their shape better when cut.

Question 13

The main control of peripheral resistance occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A)  artery. 
B)  arteriole. 
C)  capillary. 
D)  venule. 
E)  vein. 
A)  artery. 
B)  arteriole. 
C)  capillary. 
D)  venule. 
E)  vein.

Question 14

Veins of the brain empty into

Accepted Answer

A)  coronary sinuses. 
B)  dural sinuses. 
C)  the cerebral arterial circle. 
D)  external jugular veins. 
E)  vertebral veins. 
A)  coronary sinuses. 
B)  dural sinuses. 
C)  the cerebral arterial circle. 
D)  external jugular veins. 
E)  vertebral veins.

Question 15

Homeostatic mechanisms in response to blood loss include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  uptake of interstitial fluid due to reduced capillary pressure. 
B)  inhibition of EPO secretion. 
C)  activation of ADH secretion. 
D)  activation of aldosterone secretion. 
E)  increased thirst and water intake. 
A)  uptake of interstitial fluid due to reduced capillary pressure. 
B)  inhibition of EPO secretion. 
C)  activation of ADH secretion. 
D)  activation of aldosterone secretion. 
E)  increased thirst and water intake.

Question 16

The vascular pressure that declines from roughly 35 mm Hg to about 18 mm Hg is the

Accepted Answer

A)  venous pressure. 
B)  capillary hydrostatic pressure. 
C)  diastolic pressure. 
D)  peripheral pressure. 
E)  pulse pressure. 
A)  venous pressure. 
B)  capillary hydrostatic pressure. 
C)  diastolic pressure. 
D)  peripheral pressure. 
E)  pulse pressure.

Question 17

Venoconstriction reduces the diameter of which vessel?

Accepted Answer

A)  artery 
B)  arteriole 
C)  capillary 
D)  venule 
E)  vein 
A)  artery 
B)  arteriole 
C)  capillary 
D)  venule 
E)  vein

Question 18

Stimulation of the aortic baroreceptors reflexively results in

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulation of the cardioaccelerator center in the brain. 
B)  increased sympathetic stimulation of the heart. 
C)  increased activity by the parasympathetic nervous system. 
D)  stimulation of the vasoconstrictive center. 
E)  increased heart rate. 
A)  stimulation of the cardioaccelerator center in the brain. 
B)  increased sympathetic stimulation of the heart. 
C)  increased activity by the parasympathetic nervous system. 
D)  stimulation of the vasoconstrictive center. 
E)  increased heart rate.

Question 19

The most common site of a stroke is the

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior communicating artery. 
B)  anterior cerebral artery. 
C)  posterior communicating artery. 
D)  posterior cerebral artery. 
E)  middle cerebral artery. 
A)  anterior communicating artery. 
B)  anterior cerebral artery. 
C)  posterior communicating artery. 
D)  posterior cerebral artery. 
E)  middle cerebral artery.

Question 20

If a wound overwhelms the clotting mechanism and leads to serious hemorrhage and drop in blood pressure,what compensations does the body have to maintain cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

Acutely, the autonomic nervous system un

Exam 21: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Edema may occur when

In the bone marrow, new blood cells must enter the circulation through

Branches of the thoracic aorta include all of the following except the ________ arteries.

The ________ is the kidney's sole blood supply.

Blood pressure is determined by

Which of these is not a short-term response to a decrease in blood pressure?

Fear can result in

Figure 21-2 Veins Use Figure 21-2 to answer the following questions: -Identify the vein labeled "9."

Blood from the dorsal venous arch is drained by the ________ vein(s).

The lower part of the large intestine including the rectum receives blood from the

Your friend tells you that her baby was dubbed a "blue baby" by hospital staff and that it was born witha "hole in its heart". Provide an explanation to your friend of this phenomenon.

Compared to arteries, veins

The main control of peripheral resistance occurs in the

Veins of the brain empty into

Homeostatic mechanisms in response to blood loss include all of the following except

The vascular pressure that declines from roughly 35 mm Hg to about 18 mm Hg is the

Venoconstriction reduces the diameter of which vessel?

Stimulation of the aortic baroreceptors reflexively results in

The most common site of a stroke is the

If a wound overwhelms the clotting mechanism and leads to serious hemorrhage and drop in blood pressure,what compensations does the body have to maintain cardiac output?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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