Exam 1: Historical Perspectives on Work 1700-1950s

Based on Q. 5 (above), which of the following best describes Russia in the late 1800s?

The economy in the African country of Hypothetica is primarily agricultural. Most of the farms are owned by companies in western Europe or the United States. Local residents are hired on a monthly basis to work on the farms, using high-tech farm machinery. Which of the following concepts that Karl Marx introduced would be best for describing this economic system?

Briefly discuss what Karl Polanyi meant by "the great transformation."

In what way did Adam Smith and Karl Marx have similar views about work relationships in industrial societies, even though their reasons were different?

Which of the following are demonstrated by historical studies?

Health Central is a large hospital where most doctors earn over $200,000 annually, most nurses earn about $65,000 annually, and the cleaning staff are paid the minimum wage. Because they feel they are underpaid, the cleaning staff don't like helping the nurses. For the same reason, the nurses don't like helping out the doctors. A consultant hired to deal with the problem recommends a series of workshops where members of all three groups will meet to learn more about what others do in their jobs. Which of the following social theorists would likely applaud this suggestion?

During the first half of the 1800s, Russia's economy was dominated by agriculture, with powerful landowners profiting from the work done by landless peasants. During the second half of the 1800s, many large factories and railway systems were built by rich individuals and families and large companies. In 1917, the Russian Revolution led to the state (government) taking over ownership of farms, factories, railways, and the rest of the economy. This system stayed in place until 1989. Which of the following best describes Russia in the early 1800s?