Exam 5: Learning

Juanita had an automobile accident on a bridge, and now she becomes very nervous whenever she has to cross any bridge. Which process accounts for this feeling?

How are responses acquired through operant conditioning?

The gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus is called

A secondary reinforce is acquired or learned.

Failure to occasionally pair the conditioned stimulus with the unconditioned stimulus will lead to

If children behave better on Fridays than on other days, you might suspect that the children are given allowances on which schedule of reinforcement?

Acquiring new forms of behaviour by watching and imitating others is called observational learning or

Describe the biological perspective on classical conditioning.

Positive reinforcement tends to ________ the probability of a response; negative reinforcement tends to ________ the probability of a response.

The occurrence of spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning shows that

Tom is in love with Peggy. He now thinks of her when he passes a place where they took a walk, when he hears a song that they listened to together or when he notices an advertisement for a movie at the cinema they visited. Each of these responses is an example of

________ reinforcement is most effective in conditioning a new response; afterward ________ reinforcement is best for maintaining the response.

According to operant conditioning, behaviours change because of the

Which of the following would be an example of learning, according to the definition in the text?

Procedures that strengthen behaviour are termed ________ and procedures that suppress behaviour are termed ________.

The systematic use of learning principles to change behaviour is called

A limitation of punishment is that it

What happens when a conditioned response is extinguished?

Classical conditioning rarely occurs if the conditioned stimulus follows the unconditioned stimulus.

Temper tantrums are usually hard to extinguish because they have been maintained on a