Question 1

MATCHING
Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation.
-Fewer RNA polymerase enzymes are produced.

Accepted Answer

A) Transcription is up-regulated 
B) Transcription is down-regulated 
C) Translation is up-regulated 
D) Translation is down-regulated 
A) Transcription is up-regulated 
B) Transcription is down-regulated 
C) Translation is up-regulated 
D) Translation is down-regulated

Question 2

Which of the following is true of rRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) It is made up of base pairs. 
B) It carries amino acids. 
C) It is not translated. 
D) It helps transcribe DNA. 
A) It is made up of base pairs. 
B) It carries amino acids. 
C) It is not translated. 
D) It helps transcribe DNA.

Question 3

The expression of most genes is regulated by

Accepted Answer

A) internal signals only. 
B) external signals only. 
C) both internal and external signals. 
D) neither internal nor external signals. 
A) internal signals only. 
B) external signals only. 
C) both internal and external signals. 
D) neither internal nor external signals.

Question 4

In humans the tRNA with the anticodon AAU carries the amino acid leucine.In plants,this tRNA

Accepted Answer

A) would not have an anticodon. 
B) would not carry an amino acid. 
C) would carry the same amino acid. 
D) would carry a different amino acid. 
A) would not have an anticodon. 
B) would not carry an amino acid. 
C) would carry the same amino acid. 
D) would carry a different amino acid.

Question 5

A human gene put into a plant cell will

Accepted Answer

A) not produce a protein. 
B) produce a plant protein. 
C) produce the same protein produced in a human cell. 
D) produce a hybrid protein consisting of both human and plant components. 
A) not produce a protein. 
B) produce a plant protein. 
C) produce the same protein produced in a human cell. 
D) produce a hybrid protein consisting of both human and plant components.

Question 6

As transcription begins,RNA polymerase binds to a segment of a gene called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) promoter. 
B) intron. 
C) start codon. 
D) anticodon. 
A) promoter. 
B) intron. 
C) start codon. 
D) anticodon.

Question 7

If a strand of DNA has the sequence CGTAA,the RNA made from this molecule will have the sequence

Accepted Answer

A) CGTAA. 
B) GCUTT. 
C) TAGCC. 
D) GCAUU. 
A) CGTAA. 
B) GCUTT. 
C) TAGCC. 
D) GCAUU.

Question 8

What makes liver cells different from heart cells of the same organism?

Accepted Answer

A) These cell types have different genes. 
B) These cell types express different genes. 
C) These cell types have a different DNA sequence. 
D) These cell types mutated from a stem cell to produce new cell types. 
A) These cell types have different genes. 
B) These cell types express different genes. 
C) These cell types have a different DNA sequence. 
D) These cell types mutated from a stem cell to produce new cell types.

Question 9

Which of the following codons does NOT code for an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A) UGA 
B) AUG 
C) GAU 
D) UAG 
A) UGA 
B) AUG 
C) GAU 
D) UAG

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

A) Every individual has a different genetic code. 
B) Each codon in the genetic code specifies only one amino acid. 
C) The genetic code is redundant. 
D) The same genetic code can be applied to virtually every organism on Earth. 
A) Every individual has a different genetic code. 
B) Each codon in the genetic code specifies only one amino acid. 
C) The genetic code is redundant. 
D) The same genetic code can be applied to virtually every organism on Earth.

Question 11

MATCHING
Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation.
-Fewer tRNA molecules are produced.

Accepted Answer

A) Transcription is up-regulated 
B) Transcription is down-regulated 
C) Translation is up-regulated 
D) Translation is down-regulated 
A) Transcription is up-regulated 
B) Transcription is down-regulated 
C) Translation is up-regulated 
D) Translation is down-regulated

Question 12

Which of the following codons codes for the same amino acid as the codon AGU?

Accepted Answer

A) AGA 
B) CGU 
C) UCA 
D) GCU 
A) AGA 
B) CGU 
C) UCA 
D) GCU

Question 13

In bacteria,the antibiotic erythromycin prevents ribosomes from functioning.The most likely reason that bacteria die from treatment with erythromycin is because the antibiotic

Accepted Answer

A) inhibits transcription. 
B) inhibits translation. 
C) causes the wrong bases to be added to the growing mRNA strand. 
D) causes the wrong amino acids to be bound to the tRNA strands. 
A) inhibits transcription. 
B) inhibits translation. 
C) causes the wrong bases to be added to the growing mRNA strand. 
D) causes the wrong amino acids to be bound to the tRNA strands.

Question 14

A mutation occurs in the promoter of a protein-encoding gene.How might this mutation affect the production of the protein encoded by the gene?

Accepted Answer

A) The mRNA made from this gene would exhibit the same mutation and,therefore,would not fold or function properly. 
B) The protein made from the promoter would have a different amino acid sequence and,therefore,would not function properly. 
C) The promoter might not be recognized by RNA polymerase,so the enzyme would be unable to attach to the promoter and start transcription. 
D) The start codon would be missing from the mRNA made from this gene,so the mRNA could not be translated. 
A) The mRNA made from this gene would exhibit the same mutation and,therefore,would not fold or function properly. 
B) The protein made from the promoter would have a different amino acid sequence and,therefore,would not function properly. 
C) The promoter might not be recognized by RNA polymerase,so the enzyme would be unable to attach to the promoter and start transcription. 
D) The start codon would be missing from the mRNA made from this gene,so the mRNA could not be translated.

Question 15

Which of the following does NOT take place in the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) transcription 
B) intron removal 
C) replication 
D) translation 
A) transcription 
B) intron removal 
C) replication 
D) translation

Question 16

A gene in a region of DNA that is wound more tightly around proteins in the nucleus will be

Accepted Answer

A) transcribed more often than other genes. 
B) transcribed less often than other genes. 
C) transcribed equally often as any other gene. 
D) digested and recycled to produce new DNA. 
A) transcribed more often than other genes. 
B) transcribed less often than other genes. 
C) transcribed equally often as any other gene. 
D) digested and recycled to produce new DNA.

Question 17

Which RNA molecule brings new amino acids to the growing protein chain in translation?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA 
B) tRNA 
C) rRNA 
D) dRNA 
A) mRNA 
B) tRNA 
C) rRNA 
D) dRNA

Question 18

Which of the lettered arrows in the following diagram of translation indicates a codon?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 19

A mutation that changes the anticodon of a tRNA is generally much more detrimental to a cell than a mutation that changes the codon of an mRNA.Explain why this might be the case.

Accepted Answer

A mutation in an mRNA could result in th

Question 20

Transforming plants with a human gene produces a protein that is identical to the original human protein.Explain how this evidence demonstrates that the genetic code is universal,and list another experiment that could be used to further support this theory.

Accepted Answer

If the genetic code was not universal,th

MATCHING Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation. -Fewer RNA polymerase enzymes are produced.

Which of the following is true of rRNA?

The expression of most genes is regulated by

In humans the tRNA with the anticodon AAU carries the amino acid leucine.In plants,this tRNA

A human gene put into a plant cell will

As transcription begins,RNA polymerase binds to a segment of a gene called a(n)

If a strand of DNA has the sequence CGTAA,the RNA made from this molecule will have the sequence

What makes liver cells different from heart cells of the same organism?

Which of the following codons does NOT code for an amino acid?

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the genetic code?

MATCHING Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation. -Fewer tRNA molecules are produced.

Which of the following codons codes for the same amino acid as the codon AGU?

In bacteria,the antibiotic erythromycin prevents ribosomes from functioning.The most likely reason that bacteria die from treatment with erythromycin is because the antibiotic

A mutation occurs in the promoter of a protein-encoding gene.How might this mutation affect the production of the protein encoded by the gene?

Which of the following does NOT take place in the nucleus?

A gene in a region of DNA that is wound more tightly around proteins in the nucleus will be

Which RNA molecule brings new amino acids to the growing protein chain in translation?

Which of the lettered arrows in the following diagram of translation indicates a codon?

A mutation that changes the anticodon of a tRNA is generally much more detrimental to a cell than a mutation that changes the codon of an mRNA.Explain why this might be the case.

Transforming plants with a human gene produces a protein that is identical to the original human protein.Explain how this evidence demonstrates that the genetic code is universal,and list another experiment that could be used to further support this theory.

The Nature of Science

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

What Genes Are

Evidence for Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

Human Evolution

General Principles of Ecology

Growth of Populations

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

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Exam 9: How Genes Work

MATCHING Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation. -Fewer RNA polymerase enzymes are produced.

Which of the following is true of rRNA?

The expression of most genes is regulated by

In humans the tRNA with the anticodon AAU carries the amino acid leucine.In plants,this tRNA

A human gene put into a plant cell will

As transcription begins,RNA polymerase binds to a segment of a gene called a(n)

If a strand of DNA has the sequence CGTAA,the RNA made from this molecule will have the sequence

What makes liver cells different from heart cells of the same organism?

Which of the following codons does NOT code for an amino acid?

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the genetic code?

MATCHING Identify if the following increase or decrease transcription or translation. -Fewer tRNA molecules are produced.

Which of the following codons codes for the same amino acid as the codon AGU?

In bacteria,the antibiotic erythromycin prevents ribosomes from functioning.The most likely reason that bacteria die from treatment with erythromycin is because the antibiotic

A mutation occurs in the promoter of a protein-encoding gene.How might this mutation affect the production of the protein encoded by the gene?

Which of the following does NOT take place in the nucleus?

A gene in a region of DNA that is wound more tightly around proteins in the nucleus will be

Which RNA molecule brings new amino acids to the growing protein chain in translation?

Which of the lettered arrows in the following diagram of translation indicates a codon?

A mutation that changes the anticodon of a tRNA is generally much more detrimental to a cell than a mutation that changes the codon of an mRNA.Explain why this might be the case.

Transforming plants with a human gene produces a protein that is identical to the original human protein.Explain how this evidence demonstrates that the genetic code is universal,and list another experiment that could be used to further support this theory.

The Nature of Science

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

What Genes Are

Evidence for Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

Human Evolution

General Principles of Ecology

Growth of Populations

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Applying the Science

Filters