Exam 10: Inductive Logic

A cogent argument is one that is both strong and has all true premises.

Symbols list Where necessary, you may use the list below to copy-and-paste symbols into your answer. →;↔;•;~;⋁;\;≠;$;× Suppose that you have an ordinary deck of playing cards. Assuming that you are as likely to draw one card as another, what is the probability that on your next draw you will select a red card or a black card?

When a cause is established by identifying a correlation between two phenomena, the method of residues is being used.

If the probability of S is .25 or 1/4, then the probability of ~S is .25 or 1/4.

Which of the following is the form of an induction by enumeration?

Use the rules of probability to determine the strength of the following argument. In other words, given that the premises are true, how likely is the conclusion? Odds are a million to one that Joe is the one who stole Alexa's car. So, there's no way he did it.

Bayes' theorem can be used when there are more than two hypotheses being compared.

A population must have a high degree of uniformity in order for a random sample to be possible.

Which of Mill's Methods is illustrated in the following passage? If, in your opinion, the conclusion reached indicates that an inadequate hypothesis was employed, explain why and formulate a better hypothesis. After eating lunch at the same restaurant, five people became ill with food poisoning. Inspectors from the Health Department learned the following: Bill had chicken, potato salad, green beans, and tapioca pudding; Alice had the roast duck, tossed salad, asparagus with béarnaise sauce, and the tapioca pudding; Patricia had the beef wellington, Waldorf salad, tapioca pudding, and steamed broccoli; James had lamb, tzadziki, ouzo, and tapioca pudding; and Peter had scallops, a tossed salad, steamed broccoli, and the tapioca pudding. The inspectors concluded that since they all had the tapioca pudding for dessert, it was what caused the outbreak of botulism (food poisoning).

Symbols list Where necessary, you may use the list below to copy-and-paste symbols into your answer. →;↔;•;~;⋁;\;≠;$;× Suppose that you have an ordinary deck of playing cards. Assuming that you are as likely to draw one card as another, what is the probability that on your next draw you will select a heart or a black card?

The fallacy of incomplete evidence is committed when

The tautologies of statement logic have a probability of one.

The probability that p is

A fallacy of incomplete evidence is committed in an argument from authority when the arguer

Symbols list Where necessary, you may use the list below to copy-and-paste symbols into your answer. →;↔;•;~;⋁;\;≠;$;× You have an ordinary deck of cards. You draw one card, do not replace it, and then draw a second card. Each series of draws begins with a full deck. Assuming you are as likely to draw one card as another, find the following probability: P(drawing a red card on the first draw • drawing a black card on the second draw)

When comparing two objects-A and B-to the extent that things (other than A) relevantly similar to B lack the property in question, the analogy between A and B breaks down.

Deductive arguments proceed from the general to the specific while inductive arguments proceed from the specific to the general.

The restricted disjunction rule only applies to disjunctions of statements that are mutually exclusive.

In the statement "62 percent of all Americans with siblings are happy," the population is

In order to be strong, an argument from authority must appeal to what a reliable and relevant source says.