Question 1

The main focus in combating loss of biodiversity is

Accepted Answer

A) habitat fragmentation. 
B) habitat destruction. 
C) industrialization. 
D) transportation. 
A) habitat fragmentation. 
B) habitat destruction. 
C) industrialization. 
D) transportation.

Question 2

Figure 55.6  
-In looking at the figure above,what can be said about edge effects?

Accepted Answer

A) Biomass declines sharply along edges of forest fragments. 
B) Biomass increases along the edges of forest fragments. 
C) Species diversity decreases along the edges of forest fragments. 
D) Fragmentation does not affect biomass. 
A) Biomass declines sharply along edges of forest fragments. 
B) Biomass increases along the edges of forest fragments. 
C) Species diversity decreases along the edges of forest fragments. 
D) Fragmentation does not affect biomass.

Question 3

Figure 55.1
Dogs ~43
Bears ~19
Seals ~36
Red Panda ~1
Skunks ~13
Raccoons ~15
Badgers ~10
Weasels ~38
Otters ~8
-Why is it important to preserve the tuataras (see Figure 55.1)?

Accepted Answer

A) The group has very few representatives of its lineage. 
B) The group is particularly sensitive to environmental disturbances. 
C) The group has low genetic diversity. 
D) The group is economically important. 
A) The group has very few representatives of its lineage. 
B) The group is particularly sensitive to environmental disturbances. 
C) The group has low genetic diversity. 
D) The group is economically important.

Question 4

What is the main difference between sustainable development and adaptive management?

Accepted Answer

A) Adaptive management has a more international aspect. 
B) They are both essentially the same thing. 
C) Sustainable development uses resources carefully so they do not decline over time. 
D) Adaptive management is an ongoing process of reevaluating and re-implementing management plans though time. 
A) Adaptive management has a more international aspect. 
B) They are both essentially the same thing. 
C) Sustainable development uses resources carefully so they do not decline over time. 
D) Adaptive management is an ongoing process of reevaluating and re-implementing management plans though time.

Question 5

Erwin and Scott used an insecticidal fog to knock down insects from the top of a L.seemannii tree.The researchers identified over 900 species of beetles among the individuals that fell.Erwin also projected that this entire tree is host to about 600 specialist arthropods.There are approximately 50,000 species of tropical trees.Although it could not be entirely accurate,what would be the best way to estimate the total number of arthropod species?

Accepted Answer

A) Estimate the species density and then multiply by 50,000. 
B) Multiply 900 by 50,000. 
C) Multiply 600 by 50,000. 
D) Divide 900 by 600 and then multiply by 50,000. 
A) Estimate the species density and then multiply by 50,000. 
B) Multiply 900 by 50,000. 
C) Multiply 600 by 50,000. 
D) Divide 900 by 600 and then multiply by 50,000.

Question 6

Figure 55.2  
-Based on how you would go about measuring biodiversity,which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Bacteria are among the easiest to count regarding numbers of different species. 
B) Species in the tropics are much easier to study than species in other biomes. 
C) The easiest animals to study are the insects. 
D) The most intensively studied lineages are vertebrates. 
A) Bacteria are among the easiest to count regarding numbers of different species. 
B) Species in the tropics are much easier to study than species in other biomes. 
C) The easiest animals to study are the insects. 
D) The most intensively studied lineages are vertebrates.

Question 7

Figure 55.2  
-Based on Figure 55.2,what snake antivenom would you administer to a person bitten by a king brown snake?

Accepted Answer

A) taipan 
B) common brown snake 
C) red-bellied black snake 
D) death adder 
E) tiger snake 
A) taipan 
B) common brown snake 
C) red-bellied black snake 
D) death adder 
E) tiger snake

Question 8

A land developer is arguing with a group of ecologists.Of course the land developer wants the most land possible for building houses,but has to compromise by saving some land for animal habitat.The land developer offers 20 hectares in evenly distributed but isolated 1-hectare portions.The ecologists keep arguing for one 20 hectare area to remain intact.Why are the ecologists making this proposal?

Accepted Answer

A) There really is no difference;they should both work equally well. 
B) The isolated hectare plots are better because they spread out the habitat. 
C) The isolated plots are more vulnerable to edge effects. 
D) The large plot will create more inbreeding in many species. 
A) There really is no difference;they should both work equally well. 
B) The isolated hectare plots are better because they spread out the habitat. 
C) The isolated plots are more vulnerable to edge effects. 
D) The large plot will create more inbreeding in many species.

Question 9

Ecosystems services include processes that increase the quality of the abiotic environment.Which of the following processes would not fall under this category?

Accepted Answer

A) Keystone predators have a marked effect on species diversity. 
B) Green plants produce the oxygen we breathe. 
C) The presence of land plants builds soil. 
D) The presence of diverse wetlands helps in flood control. 
A) Keystone predators have a marked effect on species diversity. 
B) Green plants produce the oxygen we breathe. 
C) The presence of land plants builds soil. 
D) The presence of diverse wetlands helps in flood control.

Question 10

If the last remaining population of a particular bird species were all highly related,which type of diversity would be of greatest concern when planning to keep the species from going extinct?

Accepted Answer

A) genetic diversity 
B) species diversity 
C) ecosystem diversity 
D) Both A and B 
E) Both B and C 
A) genetic diversity 
B) species diversity 
C) ecosystem diversity 
D) Both A and B 
E) Both B and C

Question 11

Figure 55.7  
-In looking at the species-area plot in the figure above,what can be concluded?

Accepted Answer

A) Number of bird species increases linearly with island area. 
B) Number of bird species is different on various islands. 
C) Diversity is independent from island area. 
D) Number of bird species increases exponentially with island area. 
A) Number of bird species increases linearly with island area. 
B) Number of bird species is different on various islands. 
C) Diversity is independent from island area. 
D) Number of bird species increases exponentially with island area.

Question 12

Figure 55.1
Dogs ~43
Bears ~19
Seals ~36
Red Panda ~1
Skunks ~13
Raccoons ~15
Badgers ~10
Weasels ~38
Otters ~8
-Environmental sequencing has brought to light what crucial finding?

Accepted Answer

A) Genetic diversity is highest in the most complex ecosystems. 
B) Genetic diversity is very difficult to detect in small ecosystems. 
C) Even the world's simplest ecosystems contain an enormous amount of genetic diversity. 
D) Individual diversity is as important as ecosystem diversity. 
A) Genetic diversity is highest in the most complex ecosystems. 
B) Genetic diversity is very difficult to detect in small ecosystems. 
C) Even the world's simplest ecosystems contain an enormous amount of genetic diversity. 
D) Individual diversity is as important as ecosystem diversity.

Question 13

Figure 55.7  
-Based on the species-area plot in the figure above,if habitable area on an island were reduced from 10,000 km² to 1,000 km²,roughly what percentage of the species would disappear?

Accepted Answer

A) 0)3% 
B) 3% 
C) 30% 
D) 60% 
A) 0)3% 
B) 3% 
C) 30% 
D) 60%

Question 14

While travelling in the Alps,you come across a butterfly that you cannot identify.You quickly find out that it is a new species.Which of the following is NOT a step in understanding the biodiversity of this new species?

Accepted Answer

A) naming and describing the species 
B) measuring general physiology of the species 
C) looking at what other species are related to the new species 
D) assessing the species' geographic range 
E) understanding the species' ecology 
A) naming and describing the species 
B) measuring general physiology of the species 
C) looking at what other species are related to the new species 
D) assessing the species' geographic range 
E) understanding the species' ecology

Question 15

How can biodiversity affect the way we decontaminate industrial sites?

Accepted Answer

A) Bacteria have been found to be able to detoxify certain chemicals;perhaps there are more. 
B) Trees produce sawdust,which can be used to soak up chemicals. 
C) Species evolving in contaminated areas could adapt and detoxify the area. 
D) None of the answers given is correct. 
A) Bacteria have been found to be able to detoxify certain chemicals;perhaps there are more. 
B) Trees produce sawdust,which can be used to soak up chemicals. 
C) Species evolving in contaminated areas could adapt and detoxify the area. 
D) None of the answers given is correct.

Question 16

Figure 55.2  
-During the inventory of bacterial genes present in the Sargasso Sea,a research team concluded that at least 1800 bacterial species were discovered.Based on what you know about this area,what would expect to see in coral reef waters?

Accepted Answer

A) slightly greater genetic diversity 
B) slightly smaller genetic diversity 
C) equal genetic diversity 
D) markedly greater genetic diversity 
E) markedly smaller genetic diversity 
A) slightly greater genetic diversity 
B) slightly smaller genetic diversity 
C) equal genetic diversity 
D) markedly greater genetic diversity 
E) markedly smaller genetic diversity

Question 17

Which of the following is the true statement regarding species diversity and taxonomic diversity?

Accepted Answer

A) Species diversity measures the relative frequency of all alleles present in a species. 
B) In taxonomic diversity,the evolutionary relationships of species in a lineage are important. 
C) In species diversity,the numbers of animals in a particular lineage is important. 
D) The variety of species in a given area represents taxonomic diversity. 
A) Species diversity measures the relative frequency of all alleles present in a species. 
B) In taxonomic diversity,the evolutionary relationships of species in a lineage are important. 
C) In species diversity,the numbers of animals in a particular lineage is important. 
D) The variety of species in a given area represents taxonomic diversity.

Question 18

On Easter Island,data show that it was once covered by massive palm trees.How can an ecosystem collapse from removal of just one species of large tree?

Accepted Answer

A) Without large trees,soil erosion increases and reduces productivity. 
B) Species of plants needing shade no longer have it. 
C) Large trees are habitats for many species. 
D) Humans use the trees as a resource. 
E) All of the above apply. 
A) Without large trees,soil erosion increases and reduces productivity. 
B) Species of plants needing shade no longer have it. 
C) Large trees are habitats for many species. 
D) Humans use the trees as a resource. 
E) All of the above apply.

Exam 55: Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

The main focus in combating loss of biodiversity is

Figure 55.6 -In looking at the figure above,what can be said about edge effects?

Figure 55.1 Dogs ~43 Bears ~19 Seals ~36 Red Panda ~1 Skunks ~13 Raccoons ~15 Badgers ~10 Weasels ~38 Otters ~8 -Why is it important to preserve the tuataras (see Figure 55.1)?

What is the main difference between sustainable development and adaptive management?

Figure 55.2 -Based on how you would go about measuring biodiversity,which of the following is true?

Figure 55.2 -Based on Figure 55.2,what snake antivenom would you administer to a person bitten by a king brown snake?

Ecosystems services include processes that increase the quality of the abiotic environment.Which of the following processes would not fall under this category?

If the last remaining population of a particular bird species were all highly related,which type of diversity would be of greatest concern when planning to keep the species from going extinct?

Figure 55.7 -In looking at the species-area plot in the figure above,what can be concluded?

Figure 55.1 Dogs ~43 Bears ~19 Seals ~36 Red Panda ~1 Skunks ~13 Raccoons ~15 Badgers ~10 Weasels ~38 Otters ~8 -Environmental sequencing has brought to light what crucial finding?

Figure 55.7 -Based on the species-area plot in the figure above,if habitable area on an island were reduced from 10,000 km² to 1,000 km²,roughly what percentage of the species would disappear?

While travelling in the Alps,you come across a butterfly that you cannot identify.You quickly find out that it is a new species.Which of the following is NOT a step in understanding the biodiversity of this new species?

How can biodiversity affect the way we decontaminate industrial sites?

Figure 55.2 -During the inventory of bacterial genes present in the Sargasso Sea,a research team concluded that at least 1800 bacterial species were discovered.Based on what you know about this area,what would expect to see in coral reef waters?

Which of the following is the true statement regarding species diversity and taxonomic diversity?

On Easter Island,data show that it was once covered by massive palm trees.How can an ecosystem collapse from removal of just one species of large tree?

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Lipids, membranes, and the First Cells

Inside the Cell

Cell-Cell Interactions

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation

Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Analyzing and Engineering Genes

Genomics

Principles of Development

An Introduction to Animal Development

An Introduction to Plant Development

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolutionary Processes

Speciation

Phylogenies and the History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Green Algae and Land Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animals

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

Viruses

Plant Form and Function

Water and Sugar Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Sensory Systems, signals, and Responses

Plant Reproduction

Animal Form and Function

Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange and Circulation

Electrical Signals in Animals

Animal Sensory Systems and Movement

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Reproduction

The Immune System in Animals

An Introduction to Ecology

Behavioural Ecology

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

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