Question 1

Asexual reproduction results in offspring that are genetically identical to their parent.What type of cell division occurs to generate this type of offspring?

Accepted Answer

A) mitosis 
B) meiosis 
C) A and B in combination 
D) none of the above 
A) mitosis 
B) meiosis 
C) A and B in combination 
D) none of the above

Question 2

What makes sexually reproduced offspring genetically different from their parents?

Accepted Answer

A) genetic recombination during meiosis 
B) fusion of haploid gametes from different parents during fertilization 
C) genetic recombination during mitosis 
D) both A and B 
E) all of the above 
A) genetic recombination during meiosis 
B) fusion of haploid gametes from different parents during fertilization 
C) genetic recombination during mitosis 
D) both A and B 
E) all of the above

Question 3

On a submarine expedition to the ocean bottom,you discover a population of fish that uses a method of reproduction in which female offspring develop from unfertilized eggs.What type of reproduction is this?

Accepted Answer

A) sexual 
B) budding 
C) cloning 
D) parthenogenesis 
E) hermaphroditism 
A) sexual 
B) budding 
C) cloning 
D) parthenogenesis 
E) hermaphroditism

Question 4

In an animal that switches between sexual and asexual reproduction,when is sexual reproduction more likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A) when conditions for survival are favourable 
B) when conditions for survival are unfavourable 
C) neither of the above 
A) when conditions for survival are favourable 
B) when conditions for survival are unfavourable 
C) neither of the above

Question 5

Why are bird eggs more nutrient rich relative to those found in a human?

Accepted Answer

A) The nutrients must sustain development until hatching. 
B) Birds have a longer gestation period than humans and so require more nutrients. 
C) The development of a bird embryo is more complex than the development of a human embryo. 
D) In order to form the calcium carbonate egg shell. 
A) The nutrients must sustain development until hatching. 
B) Birds have a longer gestation period than humans and so require more nutrients. 
C) The development of a bird embryo is more complex than the development of a human embryo. 
D) In order to form the calcium carbonate egg shell.

Question 6

You are assigned to write the report to the Environment Canada to help them decide what level of 17ß-estradiol to permit in sewage output.You do not want to make the level any lower than necessary,because it requires substantial additional money for the extra treatment of sewage.What level of 17ß-estradiol would you suggest is safe to prevent feminization of fish?

Accepted Answer

A) 2)5 ng/l 
B) 5 ng/l 
C) 12.5 ng/l 
D) 25 ng/l 
E) 100 ng/l 
A) 2)5 ng/l 
B) 5 ng/l 
C) 12.5 ng/l 
D) 25 ng/l 
E) 100 ng/l

Question 7

If a woman is unable to release an egg,which of the following reproductive technologies would be best to use?

Accepted Answer

A) Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) 
B) Intrauterine insemination (IUI) 
C) In vitro fertilization (IVF) 
A) Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) 
B) Intrauterine insemination (IUI) 
C) In vitro fertilization (IVF)

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about puberty in humans in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A) On average,puberty occurs at a younger age now than it did 200 years ago. 
B) On average,puberty occurs later in girls with larger fat stores than it does in thin girls. 
C) Puberty is initiated by hormones from the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. 
D) All of the above are true statements about puberty. 
E) Only answers A and B are true. 
A) On average,puberty occurs at a younger age now than it did 200 years ago. 
B) On average,puberty occurs later in girls with larger fat stores than it does in thin girls. 
C) Puberty is initiated by hormones from the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. 
D) All of the above are true statements about puberty. 
E) Only answers A and B are true.

Question 9

By what mechanism does a second male mating with a female gain an advantage in sperm competition in some insects?

Accepted Answer

A) The second male's sperm physically dislodge the first male's sperm and insert themselves in place. 
B) The accessory fluids from the second male's semen is able to displace stored sperm from competing males. 
C) The second male will have larger testes and so produce larger numbers of sperm. 
D) Answers A and B are both correct. 
A) The second male's sperm physically dislodge the first male's sperm and insert themselves in place. 
B) The accessory fluids from the second male's semen is able to displace stored sperm from competing males. 
C) The second male will have larger testes and so produce larger numbers of sperm. 
D) Answers A and B are both correct.

Question 10

You are studying two species of birds,both of which form monogamous pairs (one male and one female).In species 1,you find that the eggs in a pair's nest are in fact almost always the offspring of that pair.In species 2,you are surprised to find that many of the eggs in a nest were actually fathered by males of neighboring pairs.Apparently,mating outside of monogamous pairings is widespread in species 2.Given this information,what would be the logical prediction to make before comparing testis size of males of the two species?

Accepted Answer

A) Testes of species 1 are larger than testes of species 2. 
B) Testes of species 2 are larger than testes of species 1. 
C) There is no relationship between this observation and the size of testes. 
A) Testes of species 1 are larger than testes of species 2. 
B) Testes of species 2 are larger than testes of species 1. 
C) There is no relationship between this observation and the size of testes.

Question 11

Which of the following structures in females is analogous in function to the vas deferens in males?

Accepted Answer

A) urethra 
B) oviduct 
C) uterus 
D) cervix 
E) vagina 
A) urethra 
B) oviduct 
C) uterus 
D) cervix 
E) vagina

Question 12

Which of the following hormones are secreted by a developing embryo during pregnancy in humans?

Accepted Answer

A) luteinizing hormone (LH) 
B) progesterone 
C) estradiol 
D) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 
A) luteinizing hormone (LH) 
B) progesterone 
C) estradiol 
D) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 13

Which of the following correctly describes the reproduction of males in Daphnia?

Accepted Answer

A) Daphnia males are produced asexually from unfertilized eggs. 
B) Daphnia males are produced sexually through fertilization of eggs,but are sterile from birth. 
C) Daphnia males are produced from a pseudo-sexual union of two eggs. 
D) Daphnia males are produced asexually,but are sterile from birth. 
A) Daphnia males are produced asexually from unfertilized eggs. 
B) Daphnia males are produced sexually through fertilization of eggs,but are sterile from birth. 
C) Daphnia males are produced from a pseudo-sexual union of two eggs. 
D) Daphnia males are produced asexually,but are sterile from birth.

Question 14

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of events for sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A) mitosis → zygote → meiosis → gametes → embryo 
B) meiosis → zygote → mitosis → gametes → embryo 
C) mitosis → gametes → meiosis → zygote → embryo 
D) meiosis → gametes → mitosis → zygote → embryo 
E) meiosis → gametes → zygote → mitosis → embryo 
A) mitosis → zygote → meiosis → gametes → embryo 
B) meiosis → zygote → mitosis → gametes → embryo 
C) mitosis → gametes → meiosis → zygote → embryo 
D) meiosis → gametes → mitosis → zygote → embryo 
E) meiosis → gametes → zygote → mitosis → embryo

Question 15

Figure 48.1  
-Based on the figure above,showing fetal and adult oxygen-hemoglobin saturation curves,which of the following conclusions is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Curve A represents the adult saturation curve. 
B) Adult saturation occurs at lower partial pressures of oxygen than fetal saturation does. 
C) At 50% saturation,fetal blood will have a higher affinity for oxygen than adult blood will. 
D) As the partial pressure of oxygen increases,adult hemoglobin approaches saturation faster than fetal hemoglobin does. 
E) Answers C and D are both true. 
A) Curve A represents the adult saturation curve. 
B) Adult saturation occurs at lower partial pressures of oxygen than fetal saturation does. 
C) At 50% saturation,fetal blood will have a higher affinity for oxygen than adult blood will. 
D) As the partial pressure of oxygen increases,adult hemoglobin approaches saturation faster than fetal hemoglobin does. 
E) Answers C and D are both true.

Question 16

A physician finds that a 16-year-old male patient,who has a very high-pitched voice and underdeveloped testes,has abnormally low levels of testosterone.What structure(s)might be the reason that this patient is producing such a low level of testosterone? 1. gonads
2) pituitary gland
3) adrenal gland
4) hypothalamus
5) thyroid gland

Accepted Answer

A) #1 only 
B) #1 and #2 only 
C) #1 and #2 and #3 
D) #1 and #2 and #4 
E) #1 and #3 and #5 
A) #1 only 
B) #1 and #2 only 
C) #1 and #2 and #3 
D) #1 and #2 and #4 
E) #1 and #3 and #5

Question 17

Most clams reproduce by releasing gametes into the water,and two gametes must fuse for successful reproduction.Two populations of a single species of clams were both kept under natural light and temperature conditions.The first population was housed separately,one clam per tank.The second population was kept as a group in a single tank.During the normal mid-summer reproductive period,researchers counted an equal number of individuals releasing gametes in both populations.What hypothesis does this experiment disprove?

Accepted Answer

A) Pheromones are necessary for timing gamete release. 
B) Competition for food induces a switch to sexual reproduction. 
C) Light and temperature control gamete release. 
D) Light and temperature control pheromone release. 
A) Pheromones are necessary for timing gamete release. 
B) Competition for food induces a switch to sexual reproduction. 
C) Light and temperature control gamete release. 
D) Light and temperature control pheromone release.

Question 18

Which of the following is a challenge to the hypothesis that certain species of animals produce an unusually large number of sperm in order to increase the probability of conception when females engage in multiple matings?

Accepted Answer

A) Female bats can eject the sperm of certain males after mating. 
B) A female can actively choose which male mates with her last,thus increasing the odds of conception with that male's sperm. 
C) Answers A and B both challenge this hypothesis. 
D) None of the above answers challenges this hypothesis. 
A) Female bats can eject the sperm of certain males after mating. 
B) A female can actively choose which male mates with her last,thus increasing the odds of conception with that male's sperm. 
C) Answers A and B both challenge this hypothesis. 
D) None of the above answers challenges this hypothesis.

Question 19

Which of the following hormones would you use if you want to induce ovulation right away?

Accepted Answer

A) estradiol (estrogen) 
B) progesterone 
C) luteinizing hormones (LH) 
D) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 
A) estradiol (estrogen) 
B) progesterone 
C) luteinizing hormones (LH) 
D) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Exam 48: Animal Reproduction

Asexual reproduction results in offspring that are genetically identical to their parent.What type of cell division occurs to generate this type of offspring?

What makes sexually reproduced offspring genetically different from their parents?

On a submarine expedition to the ocean bottom,you discover a population of fish that uses a method of reproduction in which female offspring develop from unfertilized eggs.What type of reproduction is this?

In an animal that switches between sexual and asexual reproduction,when is sexual reproduction more likely to occur?

Why are bird eggs more nutrient rich relative to those found in a human?

If a woman is unable to release an egg,which of the following reproductive technologies would be best to use?

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about puberty in humans in the United States?

By what mechanism does a second male mating with a female gain an advantage in sperm competition in some insects?

Which of the following structures in females is analogous in function to the vas deferens in males?

Which of the following hormones are secreted by a developing embryo during pregnancy in humans?

Which of the following correctly describes the reproduction of males in Daphnia?

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of events for sexual reproduction?

Figure 48.1 -Based on the figure above,showing fetal and adult oxygen-hemoglobin saturation curves,which of the following conclusions is true?

Which of the following is a challenge to the hypothesis that certain species of animals produce an unusually large number of sperm in order to increase the probability of conception when females engage in multiple matings?

Which of the following hormones would you use if you want to induce ovulation right away?

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Lipids, membranes, and the First Cells

Inside the Cell

Cell-Cell Interactions

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation

Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Analyzing and Engineering Genes

Genomics

Principles of Development

An Introduction to Animal Development

An Introduction to Plant Development

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolutionary Processes

Speciation

Phylogenies and the History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Green Algae and Land Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animals

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

Viruses

Plant Form and Function

Water and Sugar Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Sensory Systems, signals, and Responses

Plant Reproduction

Animal Form and Function

Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange and Circulation

Electrical Signals in Animals

Animal Sensory Systems and Movement

Chemical Signals in Animals

The Immune System in Animals

An Introduction to Ecology

Behavioural Ecology

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Filters