Question 1

Which of the following is a correct element of alternation of generations?

Accepted Answer

A) The sporophyte is haploid and produces gametes. 
B) The sporophyte is diploid and produces spores. 
C) The gametophyte is haploid and produces spores. 
D) The gametophyte is diploid and produces gametes. 
E) Two spores unite to form a zygote. 
A) The sporophyte is haploid and produces gametes. 
B) The sporophyte is diploid and produces spores. 
C) The gametophyte is haploid and produces spores. 
D) The gametophyte is diploid and produces gametes. 
E) Two spores unite to form a zygote.

Question 2

Which group is the most diverse of the seedless vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

A) club mosses 
B) horsetails 
C) ferns 
D) ginkgoes 
A) club mosses 
B) horsetails 
C) ferns 
D) ginkgoes

Question 3

Which set contains the most closely related terms?

Accepted Answer

A) megasporangium,megaspore,pollen,ovule 
B) microsporangium,microspore,egg,ovary 
C) megasporangium,megaspore,egg,ovule 
D) microsporangium,microspore,carpel,ovary 
A) megasporangium,megaspore,pollen,ovule 
B) microsporangium,microspore,egg,ovary 
C) megasporangium,megaspore,egg,ovule 
D) microsporangium,microspore,carpel,ovary

Question 4

An important fossil fuel is coal,much of which was formed when

Accepted Answer

A) northern-latitude bogs accumulated peat. 
B) ancient angiosperms got buried under volcanic ash. 
C) huge gymnosperms were flooded by an inland sea. 
D) extensive forests of seedless vascular plants were buried and compressed. 
E) All of these answers apply. 
A) northern-latitude bogs accumulated peat. 
B) ancient angiosperms got buried under volcanic ash. 
C) huge gymnosperms were flooded by an inland sea. 
D) extensive forests of seedless vascular plants were buried and compressed. 
E) All of these answers apply.

Question 5

The closest relatives of the familiar pine and spruce trees are

Accepted Answer

A) ferns,horsetails,lycophytes,and club mosses. 
B) hornworts,liverworts,and mosses. 
C) gnetophytes,cycads,and ginkgoes. 
D) elms,maples,and aspens. 
A) ferns,horsetails,lycophytes,and club mosses. 
B) hornworts,liverworts,and mosses. 
C) gnetophytes,cycads,and ginkgoes. 
D) elms,maples,and aspens.

Question 6

What evidence do paleobotanists look for that indicates the movement of plants from water to land?

Accepted Answer

A) waxy cuticle to increase evaporation from leaves 
B) vascular tissue to conduct water and sugars 
C) sporopollenin to inhibit evaporation from leaves 
D) remnants of chloroplasts from photosynthesizing cells 
E) loss of structures that produce spores 
A) waxy cuticle to increase evaporation from leaves 
B) vascular tissue to conduct water and sugars 
C) sporopollenin to inhibit evaporation from leaves 
D) remnants of chloroplasts from photosynthesizing cells 
E) loss of structures that produce spores

Question 7

Molecular phylogenies show all land plants are a monophyletic group.This suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) there were many different transitions from aquatic to terrestrial habitats. 
B) wind-pollinated plants arose first. 
C) land plants have undergone a diversification since they first colonized terrestrial habitats. 
D) there was a single transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats. 
A) there were many different transitions from aquatic to terrestrial habitats. 
B) wind-pollinated plants arose first. 
C) land plants have undergone a diversification since they first colonized terrestrial habitats. 
D) there was a single transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats.

Question 8

Because they are morphologically simple,Psilotophyta have traditionally been thought to be a basal group in the radiation of land plants.Molecular phylogenies have challenged this hypothesis and support the alternative hypothesis that

Accepted Answer

A) they are the sister group to the seed plants. 
B) they represent a grade rather than a monophyletic group. 
C) they have lost complex structures in this lineage. 
D) they represent a lineage that forms a monophyletic group with Lycophyta. 
A) they are the sister group to the seed plants. 
B) they represent a grade rather than a monophyletic group. 
C) they have lost complex structures in this lineage. 
D) they represent a lineage that forms a monophyletic group with Lycophyta.

Question 9

A little mustard plant named Arabidopsis thaliana is best known for its

Accepted Answer

A) medicinal properties against heart disease. 
B) ability to bind soil along stream banks. 
C) exceptional production of oxygen in photosynthesis. 
D) production of ethanol as a fuel. 
E) use in laboratories as a model for studying plant processes. 
A) medicinal properties against heart disease. 
B) ability to bind soil along stream banks. 
C) exceptional production of oxygen in photosynthesis. 
D) production of ethanol as a fuel. 
E) use in laboratories as a model for studying plant processes.

Question 10

What is true about the genus Sphagnum?

Accepted Answer

A) It is an economically important liverwort. 
B) It grows in extensive mats in grassland areas. 
C) It is used by gardeners as a fertilizer. 
D) It accumulates to form coal and is burned as a fuel. 
E) It is an important carbon sink,reducing atmospheric CO₂. 
A) It is an economically important liverwort. 
B) It grows in extensive mats in grassland areas. 
C) It is used by gardeners as a fertilizer. 
D) It accumulates to form coal and is burned as a fuel. 
E) It is an important carbon sink,reducing atmospheric CO₂.

Question 11

To perform this study,the researchers needed to count

Accepted Answer

A) the number of red flowers. 
B) the number of pink and white flowers. 
C) the number of hummingbirds. 
D) the number of hawk moths. 
E) All of these answers apply. 
A) the number of red flowers. 
B) the number of pink and white flowers. 
C) the number of hummingbirds. 
D) the number of hawk moths. 
E) All of these answers apply.

Question 12

Plant systematists working with angiosperm DNA have determined that

Accepted Answer

A) dicots appear to have developed from more than one ancestor. 
B) dicots are not really angiosperms. 
C) monocots are not really angiosperms. 
D) monocots appear to have developed from more than one ancestor. 
A) dicots appear to have developed from more than one ancestor. 
B) dicots are not really angiosperms. 
C) monocots are not really angiosperms. 
D) monocots appear to have developed from more than one ancestor.

Question 13

Which of these time intervals,based on plant fossils,came last (most recently)?

Accepted Answer

A) extensive growth of gymnosperm forests 
B) Silurian-Devonian explosion with fossils of plant lineages that contain most of the major morphological innovations 
C) colonization of land by early liverworts and mosses 
D) rise and diversification of angiosperms 
E) carboniferous swamps with giant horsetails and lycophytes 
A) extensive growth of gymnosperm forests 
B) Silurian-Devonian explosion with fossils of plant lineages that contain most of the major morphological innovations 
C) colonization of land by early liverworts and mosses 
D) rise and diversification of angiosperms 
E) carboniferous swamps with giant horsetails and lycophytes

Question 14

Which of the following is true of stomata?

Accepted Answer

A) Stomata occur in all land plants and define them as a monophyletic group. 
B) Stomata open to allow gas exchange and close to decrease water loss. 
C) Stomata occur in all land plants and are the same as pores. 
D) Stomata open to increase both water absorption and gas exchange. 
A) Stomata occur in all land plants and define them as a monophyletic group. 
B) Stomata open to allow gas exchange and close to decrease water loss. 
C) Stomata occur in all land plants and are the same as pores. 
D) Stomata open to increase both water absorption and gas exchange.

Question 15

Which of the following is true about food webs?

Accepted Answer

A) Herbivores convert energy directly from the Sun into chemical energy. 
B) Carnivores eat herbivores and other carnivores. 
C) Producers produce energy from eating plant material. 
D) Herbivores are the base of food webs. 
E) All of the above are true. 
A) Herbivores convert energy directly from the Sun into chemical energy. 
B) Carnivores eat herbivores and other carnivores. 
C) Producers produce energy from eating plant material. 
D) Herbivores are the base of food webs. 
E) All of the above are true.

Question 16

What is characteristic of xylem cells that are mature?

Accepted Answer

A) They have only primary walls made of cellulose. 
B) They have only secondary walls made of lignin. 
C) They contain cytoplasm at maturity. 
D) They have both primary and secondary walls. 
E) All of these answers apply. 
A) They have only primary walls made of cellulose. 
B) They have only secondary walls made of lignin. 
C) They contain cytoplasm at maturity. 
D) They have both primary and secondary walls. 
E) All of these answers apply.

Question 17

How are gymnosperms and angiosperms similar?

Accepted Answer

A) Plants in both groups have flowers and fruits. 
B) Plants in both groups have cones that produce pollen and seeds. 
C) Plants in both groups produce seeds and pollen. 
D) Plants in both groups lack vascular tissue. 
A) Plants in both groups have flowers and fruits. 
B) Plants in both groups have cones that produce pollen and seeds. 
C) Plants in both groups produce seeds and pollen. 
D) Plants in both groups lack vascular tissue.

Question 18

Liverworts,hornworts,and mosses are grouped together as the Bryophytes.Besides not having vascular tissue,what do they all have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) swimming sperm for reproduction 
B) antheridia and archegonia for gamete production 
C) low,sprawling growth habit 
D) ability to desiccate and rehydrate with no ill effects 
E) All of these answers apply. 
A) swimming sperm for reproduction 
B) antheridia and archegonia for gamete production 
C) low,sprawling growth habit 
D) ability to desiccate and rehydrate with no ill effects 
E) All of these answers apply.

Question 19

Why do hummingbirds emigrate from this population of scarlet gilia?

Accepted Answer

A) The flowers probably change their nectar production. 
B) The flowers change from red to white,and the hummingbirds can't see them. 
C) It gets darker on the mountainside,and the hummingbirds migrate to lower elevations where it stays light longer. 
D) There is not enough information presented to answer this question. 
A) The flowers probably change their nectar production. 
B) The flowers change from red to white,and the hummingbirds can't see them. 
C) It gets darker on the mountainside,and the hummingbirds migrate to lower elevations where it stays light longer. 
D) There is not enough information presented to answer this question.

Question 20

Which of these is a major trend in land plant evolution?

Accepted Answer

A) the trend toward smaller size 
B) the trend toward a gametophyte-dominated life cycle 
C) the trend toward a sporophyte-dominated life cycle 
D) the trend toward larger gametophytes 
A) the trend toward smaller size 
B) the trend toward a gametophyte-dominated life cycle 
C) the trend toward a sporophyte-dominated life cycle 
D) the trend toward larger gametophytes

Exam 30: Green Algae and Land Plants

Which of the following is a correct element of alternation of generations?

Which group is the most diverse of the seedless vascular plants?

Which set contains the most closely related terms?

An important fossil fuel is coal,much of which was formed when

The closest relatives of the familiar pine and spruce trees are

What evidence do paleobotanists look for that indicates the movement of plants from water to land?

Molecular phylogenies show all land plants are a monophyletic group.This suggests that

Because they are morphologically simple,Psilotophyta have traditionally been thought to be a basal group in the radiation of land plants.Molecular phylogenies have challenged this hypothesis and support the alternative hypothesis that

A little mustard plant named Arabidopsis thaliana is best known for its

What is true about the genus Sphagnum?

To perform this study,the researchers needed to count

Plant systematists working with angiosperm DNA have determined that

Which of these time intervals,based on plant fossils,came last (most recently)?

Which of the following is true of stomata?

Which of the following is true about food webs?

What is characteristic of xylem cells that are mature?

How are gymnosperms and angiosperms similar?

Liverworts,hornworts,and mosses are grouped together as the Bryophytes.Besides not having vascular tissue,what do they all have in common?

Why do hummingbirds emigrate from this population of scarlet gilia?

Which of these is a major trend in land plant evolution?

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Lipids, membranes, and the First Cells

Inside the Cell

Cell-Cell Interactions

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation

Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Analyzing and Engineering Genes

Genomics

Principles of Development

An Introduction to Animal Development

An Introduction to Plant Development

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolutionary Processes

Speciation

Phylogenies and the History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

An Introduction to Animals

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

Viruses

Plant Form and Function

Water and Sugar Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Sensory Systems, signals, and Responses

Plant Reproduction

Animal Form and Function

Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange and Circulation

Electrical Signals in Animals

Animal Sensory Systems and Movement

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Reproduction

The Immune System in Animals

An Introduction to Ecology

Behavioural Ecology

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Filters