Question 1

Describe the process outlined by Kandel by which classical conditioning occurs in Aplysia californica?​

Accepted Answer

Calcium influx due to the arrival of an

Question 2

Kayla is presenting a business plan to her bank,hoping to get a loan.As her stress levels increase,it is likely that her performance will​

Accepted Answer

A) continue to increase. 
B) become steadily worse. 
C) decrease at first, but after her stress reaches a certain point, she will overcome it enough to improve. 
D) increase at first, but after her stress reaches a certain point, she will begin to perform more poorly. 
A) continue to increase. 
B) become steadily worse. 
C) decrease at first, but after her stress reaches a certain point, she will overcome it enough to improve. 
D) increase at first, but after her stress reaches a certain point, she will begin to perform more poorly.

Question 3

The output cells of the cerebellum receive _________ input from _________ cells.​

Accepted Answer

A) excitatory; granule 
B) inhibitory; granule 
C) excitatory; Purkinje 
D) inhibitory; Purkinje 
A) excitatory; granule 
B) inhibitory; granule 
C) excitatory; Purkinje 
D) inhibitory; Purkinje

Question 4

The Schaffer collateral pathway connects​

Accepted Answer

A) the dentate gyrus and Ammon's horn of the hippocampus. 
B) association cortex and the hippocampus. 
C) the CA3 and CA1 areas of Ammon's horn. 
D) the hippocampus and the hypothalamus. 
A) the dentate gyrus and Ammon's horn of the hippocampus. 
B) association cortex and the hippocampus. 
C) the CA3 and CA1 areas of Ammon's horn. 
D) the hippocampus and the hypothalamus.

Question 5

Tom is on the telephone trying to help his girlfriend reinstall her operating system after her computer crashed.In order to provide his girlfriend with the right instructions,Tom must access his _________ memory.​

Accepted Answer

A) procedural 
B) episodic 
C) autobiographical 
D) explicit 
A) procedural 
B) episodic 
C) autobiographical 
D) explicit

Question 6

Which of the following processes is an example of associative learning?

Accepted Answer

A) habituation 
B)  sensitization​ 
C) classical conditioning 
D) fixed action patterns 
A) habituation 
B)  sensitization​ 
C) classical conditioning 
D) fixed action patterns

Question 7

Describe the changes in brain activity during the processing of memories that occur in old age.​

Accepted Answer

Even in healthy aging,parts of the brain

Question 8

Temporary inactivation of the red nucleus prevents​

Accepted Answer

A) conditioned responding, but not learning. 
B) both conditioned responding and learning. 
C) neither conditioned responding nor learning. 
D) learning, but not conditioned responding. 
A) conditioned responding, but not learning. 
B) both conditioned responding and learning. 
C) neither conditioned responding nor learning. 
D) learning, but not conditioned responding.

Question 9

Long-term potentiation (LTP)​

Accepted Answer

A) always involves the neurotransmitter glutamate, and only occurs in the hippocampus. 
B) always involves the neurotransmitter glutamate, and occurs in many areas of the central nervous system. 
C) involves a variety of neurotransmitters, but only occurs in the hippocampus. 
D) involves a variety of neurotransmitters, and occurs in many areas of the central nervous system. 
A) always involves the neurotransmitter glutamate, and only occurs in the hippocampus. 
B) always involves the neurotransmitter glutamate, and occurs in many areas of the central nervous system. 
C) involves a variety of neurotransmitters, but only occurs in the hippocampus. 
D) involves a variety of neurotransmitters, and occurs in many areas of the central nervous system.

Question 10

-What fiber pathway is indicated in this illustration by the number 8?​

Accepted Answer

A) the perforant pathway 
B) the fornix 
C) the mossy fiber pathway 
D) the climbing fiber pathway 
A) the perforant pathway 
B) the fornix 
C) the mossy fiber pathway 
D) the climbing fiber pathway

Question 11

You walk into a room and see someone you know you've met before,but you have no idea when or where you met this person.Which of the following phenomena can best explain this?​

Accepted Answer

A) retrograde amnesia 
B) Alzheimer's disease 
C) source amnesia 
D) faulty short-term memory 
A) retrograde amnesia 
B) Alzheimer's disease 
C) source amnesia 
D) faulty short-term memory

Question 12

In response to stressful events,the amygdala​

Accepted Answer

A) remains silent. 
B) experiences long-term excitation. 
C) experiences long-term inhibition 
D) experiences enhanced activity followed by a refractory period. 
A) remains silent. 
B) experiences long-term excitation. 
C) experiences long-term inhibition 
D) experiences enhanced activity followed by a refractory period.

Question 13

Short-term habituation in Aplysia,lasting minutes to several hours,most likely results from​

Accepted Answer

A) the temporary depletion of available neurotransmitter in the motor neuron serving the gill muscle. 
B) the temporary depletion of available neurotransmitter in the presynaptic sensory neuron. 
C) fatigue in the muscles serving the gill. 
D) changes in NMDA glutamate receptors. 
A) the temporary depletion of available neurotransmitter in the motor neuron serving the gill muscle. 
B) the temporary depletion of available neurotransmitter in the presynaptic sensory neuron. 
C) fatigue in the muscles serving the gill. 
D) changes in NMDA glutamate receptors.

Question 14

Long-term potentiation (LTP)is similar to long-term memory in which of the following ways?​

Accepted Answer

A) It requires input to be presented at rates of 2 per second or less. 
B) It occurs only in the hippocampus. 
C) It takes only seconds to develop and lasts indefinitely. 
D) It requires the activity of neurons that release acetylcholine (ACh). 
A) It requires input to be presented at rates of 2 per second or less. 
B) It occurs only in the hippocampus. 
C) It takes only seconds to develop and lasts indefinitely. 
D) It requires the activity of neurons that release acetylcholine (ACh).

Question 15

Purkinje cells in the cerebellum receive direct input from​

Accepted Answer

A) mossy fibers and climbing fibers. 
B) climbing fibers and parallel fibers. 
C) mossy fibers and parallel fibers. 
D) mossy, climbing, and parallel fibers. 
A) mossy fibers and climbing fibers. 
B) climbing fibers and parallel fibers. 
C) mossy fibers and parallel fibers. 
D) mossy, climbing, and parallel fibers.

Question 16

In sensitization in Aplysia,what processes account for the stronger than normal responses of gill motor neurons?​

Accepted Answer

A) extended action potentials in siphon sensory neurons, which result in the release of greater than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons. 
B) extended action potentials in siphon sensory neurons, which result in the release of less than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons. 
C) shortened action potentials in siphon sensory neurons, which result in the release of greater than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons 
D) shortened action potentials in siphon sensory neurons, which result in the release of less than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons. 
A) extended action potentials in siphon sensory neurons, which result in the release of greater than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons. 
B) extended action potentials in siphon sensory neurons, which result in the release of less than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons. 
C) shortened action potentials in siphon sensory neurons, which result in the release of greater than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons 
D) shortened action potentials in siphon sensory neurons, which result in the release of less than normal amounts of neurotransmitter at synapses with gill motor neurons.

Question 17

Climbing fibers synapsing in the cerebellum originate from cells located in the​

Accepted Answer

A) deep cerebellar nuclei. 
B) amygdala. 
C) inferior olive of the medulla. 
D) interpositus nucleus. 
A) deep cerebellar nuclei. 
B) amygdala. 
C) inferior olive of the medulla. 
D) interpositus nucleus.

Question 18

When organisms learn that certain stimuli predict the occurrence of other important stimuli,which of the following processes has probably occurred?

Accepted Answer

A) sensitization 
B)  habituation​ 
C) classical conditioning 
D) extinction 
A) sensitization 
B)  habituation​ 
C) classical conditioning 
D) extinction

Question 19

In addition to the hippocampus itself,damage to which of the following structures might result in anterograde amnesia?​

Accepted Answer

A) the amygdala 
B) the anterior cingulate cortex 
C) the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex 
D) the parahippocampal and rhinal cortices 
A) the amygdala 
B) the anterior cingulate cortex 
C) the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex 
D) the parahippocampal and rhinal cortices

Question 20

Neural recordings by Ojemann and his colleagues showed that​

Accepted Answer

A) we probably have generic memory neurons. 
B) neurons responded differently to the specific type of information being processed. 
C) neurons produce the same level of activity during encoding and retrieval. 
D) neural activity is not correlated with specific memories. 
A) we probably have generic memory neurons. 
B) neurons responded differently to the specific type of information being processed. 
C) neurons produce the same level of activity during encoding and retrieval. 
D) neural activity is not correlated with specific memories.

Describe the process outlined by Kandel by which classical conditioning occurs in Aplysia californica?

Kayla is presenting a business plan to her bank,hoping to get a loan.As her stress levels increase,it is likely that her performance will

The output cells of the cerebellum receive _ input from _ cells.

The Schaffer collateral pathway connects

Tom is on the telephone trying to help his girlfriend reinstall her operating system after her computer crashed.In order to provide his girlfriend with the right instructions,Tom must access his _________ memory.

Which of the following processes is an example of associative learning?

Describe the changes in brain activity during the processing of memories that occur in old age.

Temporary inactivation of the red nucleus prevents

Long-term potentiation (LTP)

-What fiber pathway is indicated in this illustration by the number 8?

You walk into a room and see someone you know you've met before,but you have no idea when or where you met this person.Which of the following phenomena can best explain this?

In response to stressful events,the amygdala

Short-term habituation in Aplysia,lasting minutes to several hours,most likely results from

Long-term potentiation (LTP)is similar to long-term memory in which of the following ways?

Purkinje cells in the cerebellum receive direct input from

In sensitization in Aplysia,what processes account for the stronger than normal responses of gill motor neurons?

Climbing fibers synapsing in the cerebellum originate from cells located in the

When organisms learn that certain stimuli predict the occurrence of other important stimuli,which of the following processes has probably occurred?

In addition to the hippocampus itself,damage to which of the following structures might result in anterograde amnesia?

Neural recordings by Ojemann and his colleagues showed that

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: the Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis and Motivation

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Hemispheric Asymmetry, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

Exam 12: Learning and Memory

Describe the process outlined by Kandel by which classical conditioning occurs in Aplysia californica?​

Kayla is presenting a business plan to her bank,hoping to get a loan.As her stress levels increase,it is likely that her performance will​

The output cells of the cerebellum receive _________ input from _________ cells.​

The Schaffer collateral pathway connects​

Tom is on the telephone trying to help his girlfriend reinstall her operating system after her computer crashed.In order to provide his girlfriend with the right instructions,Tom must access his _________ memory.​

Which of the following processes is an example of associative learning?

Describe the changes in brain activity during the processing of memories that occur in old age.​

Temporary inactivation of the red nucleus prevents​

Long-term potentiation (LTP)​

-What fiber pathway is indicated in this illustration by the number 8?​

You walk into a room and see someone you know you've met before,but you have no idea when or where you met this person.Which of the following phenomena can best explain this?​

In response to stressful events,the amygdala​

Short-term habituation in Aplysia,lasting minutes to several hours,most likely results from​

Long-term potentiation (LTP)is similar to long-term memory in which of the following ways?​

Purkinje cells in the cerebellum receive direct input from​

In sensitization in Aplysia,what processes account for the stronger than normal responses of gill motor neurons?​

Climbing fibers synapsing in the cerebellum originate from cells located in the​

When organisms learn that certain stimuli predict the occurrence of other important stimuli,which of the following processes has probably occurred?

In addition to the hippocampus itself,damage to which of the following structures might result in anterograde amnesia?​

Neural recordings by Ojemann and his colleagues showed that​

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: the Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis and Motivation

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Hemispheric Asymmetry, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

Describe the process outlined by Kandel by which classical conditioning occurs in Aplysia californica?

Kayla is presenting a business plan to her bank,hoping to get a loan.As her stress levels increase,it is likely that her performance will

The output cells of the cerebellum receive _ input from _ cells.

The Schaffer collateral pathway connects

Tom is on the telephone trying to help his girlfriend reinstall her operating system after her computer crashed.In order to provide his girlfriend with the right instructions,Tom must access his _________ memory.

Describe the changes in brain activity during the processing of memories that occur in old age.

Temporary inactivation of the red nucleus prevents

Long-term potentiation (LTP)

-What fiber pathway is indicated in this illustration by the number 8?

You walk into a room and see someone you know you've met before,but you have no idea when or where you met this person.Which of the following phenomena can best explain this?

In response to stressful events,the amygdala

Short-term habituation in Aplysia,lasting minutes to several hours,most likely results from

Long-term potentiation (LTP)is similar to long-term memory in which of the following ways?

Purkinje cells in the cerebellum receive direct input from

In sensitization in Aplysia,what processes account for the stronger than normal responses of gill motor neurons?

Climbing fibers synapsing in the cerebellum originate from cells located in the

In addition to the hippocampus itself,damage to which of the following structures might result in anterograde amnesia?

Neural recordings by Ojemann and his colleagues showed that