Question 1

Drinking is initiated when​

Accepted Answer

A) aldosterone reaches the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT). 
B) aldosterone reaches the subfornical organ. 
C) angiotensin II reaches the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT). 
D) angiotensin II reaches the subfornical organ. 
A) aldosterone reaches the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT). 
B) aldosterone reaches the subfornical organ. 
C) angiotensin II reaches the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT). 
D) angiotensin II reaches the subfornical organ.

Question 2

Dr.Sanders was excited to observe the effects of leptin on her obese laboratory mice and began to explore ways that leptin could be used to help people lose weight.It is likely that Dr.Sanders will​

Accepted Answer

A) be equally successful with humans as with mice, once the side effects of leptin are controlled. 
B) not be successful with humans, because humans do not make leptin. 
C) not be successful with humans, because obese humans are already producing high amounts of leptin and adding more would not help them lose weight. 
D) not be successful with humans, because obese humans do not have receptors for leptin. 
A) be equally successful with humans as with mice, once the side effects of leptin are controlled. 
B) not be successful with humans, because humans do not make leptin. 
C) not be successful with humans, because obese humans are already producing high amounts of leptin and adding more would not help them lose weight. 
D) not be successful with humans, because obese humans do not have receptors for leptin.

Question 3

Most excess sodium and water in the body are excreted by​

Accepted Answer

A) the intestines. 
B) the kidneys. 
C) perspiring. 
D) respiration. 
A) the intestines. 
B) the kidneys. 
C) perspiring. 
D) respiration.

Question 4

The Guinness Book of World Records no longer maintains a record for fasting,due to the medical dangers involved.However,in 1971,they included a man,Mr.A.B.,who went 382 days without food.Based on what you know about the normal storage of fat in the human body,it should be apparent that Mr.A.B.​

Accepted Answer

A) was morbidly obese at the beginning of his fast. 
B) was probably slightly overweight at the beginning of his fast. 
C) would only lose fat, not muscle, as a result of his fast. 
D) must have had a severe case of insulin resistance at the beginning of his fast. 
A) was morbidly obese at the beginning of his fast. 
B) was probably slightly overweight at the beginning of his fast. 
C) would only lose fat, not muscle, as a result of his fast. 
D) must have had a severe case of insulin resistance at the beginning of his fast.

Question 5

Hypovolemic thirst results from​

Accepted Answer

A) increases in blood pressure. 
B) decreases in blood volume. 
C) feelings of a dry mouth. 
D) decreases in intracellular fluid levels. 
A) increases in blood pressure. 
B) decreases in blood volume. 
C) feelings of a dry mouth. 
D) decreases in intracellular fluid levels.

Question 6

Shivering and blood vessel constriction​

Accepted Answer

A) dissipate heat in ectotherms. 
B) dissipate heat in endotherms. 
C) generate and conserve heat in ectotherms. 
D) generate and conserve heat in endotherms. 
A) dissipate heat in ectotherms. 
B) dissipate heat in endotherms. 
C) generate and conserve heat in ectotherms. 
D) generate and conserve heat in endotherms.

Question 7

Medications used to treat high blood pressure include _________ because they _________ blood volume.​

Accepted Answer

A) antidiuretics; increase 
B) antidiuretics; reduce 
C) diuretics; increase 
D) diuretics; reduce 
A) antidiuretics; increase 
B) antidiuretics; reduce 
C) diuretics; increase 
D) diuretics; reduce

Question 8

Temperature-insensitive neurons in the posterior hypothalamus​

Accepted Answer

A) play no role in the maintenance of core temperature. 
B) increase their firing rate when temperature reaches a set point. 
C) maintain a fairly steady firing rate. 
D) increase their firing rate when core temperature increases. 
A) play no role in the maintenance of core temperature. 
B) increase their firing rate when temperature reaches a set point. 
C) maintain a fairly steady firing rate. 
D) increase their firing rate when core temperature increases.

Question 9

Vomiting and diarrhea may be life threatening when _________ sodium levels lead to_________ blood pressure.​

Accepted Answer

A) reduced; low 
B) reduced; high 
C) increased; low 
D) increased; high 
A) reduced; low 
B) reduced; high 
C) increased; low 
D) increased; high

Question 10

Fevers due to illness​

Accepted Answer

A) have no benefit and should be reduced immediately through the use of medication. 
B) represent a failure of the body's temperature control system. 
C) result from a resetting of the body's temperature set point. 
D) occur when the body's set point is exceeded. 
A) have no benefit and should be reduced immediately through the use of medication. 
B) represent a failure of the body's temperature control system. 
C) result from a resetting of the body's temperature set point. 
D) occur when the body's set point is exceeded.

Question 11

(see Figure 9.6)
  
-Responses to warmer core temperatures are coordinated by the ____________________, labeled number ____________________,and responses to cooler core temperature are coordinated by the ____________________,labeled number ____________________.​

Accepted Answer

preoptic a

Question 12

A particular value defended by a regulatory system,such as body weight or core temperature,is known as​

Accepted Answer

A) motivation. 
B) a set point. 
C) homeostasis. 
D) drive. 
A) motivation. 
B) a set point. 
C) homeostasis. 
D) drive.

Question 13

Extracellular fluid includes​

Accepted Answer

A) fluid contained within body cells. 
B) the blood supply, cerebrospinal fluid, and interstitial fluid. 
C) cerebrospinal fluid and the fluid contained within body cells. 
D) interstitial fluid and the fluid contained within body cells. 
A) fluid contained within body cells. 
B) the blood supply, cerebrospinal fluid, and interstitial fluid. 
C) cerebrospinal fluid and the fluid contained within body cells. 
D) interstitial fluid and the fluid contained within body cells.

Question 14

Leptin is produced and secreted by​

Accepted Answer

A) the pancreas. 
B) the pituitary gland. 
C) the arcuate nucleus. 
D) fat cells. 
A) the pancreas. 
B) the pituitary gland. 
C) the arcuate nucleus. 
D) fat cells.

Question 15

What is the most likely relationship between genetics and eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?​

Accepted Answer

A) There is no evidence for a genetic contribution to eating disorders. 
B) Genes probably contribute a great deal to bulimia nervosa, but not to anorexia nervosa. 
C) Some studies have identified a genetic contribution, but others have found no evidence of such a factor. 
D) Eating disorders can be accounted for almost entirely by genetic influences. 
A) There is no evidence for a genetic contribution to eating disorders. 
B) Genes probably contribute a great deal to bulimia nervosa, but not to anorexia nervosa. 
C) Some studies have identified a genetic contribution, but others have found no evidence of such a factor. 
D) Eating disorders can be accounted for almost entirely by genetic influences.

Question 16

Ryan was running his first marathon with a friend,and after drinking a lot of plain water,he dropped out of the race.At the hospital,he was diagnosed with hyponatremia and treated for​

Accepted Answer

A) a wide range of problems resulting from his failure to release ADH. 
B) dehydration of organ tissues, including the brain, due to water moving into the hypertonic blood supply. 
C) a dangerous loss of fluid due to constant urination. 
D) swelling of the brain due to low sodium levels . 
A) a wide range of problems resulting from his failure to release ADH. 
B) dehydration of organ tissues, including the brain, due to water moving into the hypertonic blood supply. 
C) a dangerous loss of fluid due to constant urination. 
D) swelling of the brain due to low sodium levels .

Question 17

If you set your home's thermostat to 68 degrees F,this setting is analogous to your body's​

Accepted Answer

A) motivation. 
B) homeostasis. 
C) set point. 
D) drive state. 
A) motivation. 
B) homeostasis. 
C) set point. 
D) drive state.

Question 18

Risk for hyperthermia is increased when a​

Accepted Answer

A) person has immune system problems. 
B) woman is approaching menopause. 
C) person has a low thyroid condition. 
D) person is using antibiotics. 
A) person has immune system problems. 
B) woman is approaching menopause. 
C) person has a low thyroid condition. 
D) person is using antibiotics.

Question 19

The hot flashes associated with menopause in women probably involve _________levels of _________.

Accepted Answer

A) increased; pyrogens 
B) reduced; estrogens 
C) increased; thyroid hormone 
D) reduced; thyroid hormone. 
A) increased; pyrogens 
B) reduced; estrogens 
C) increased; thyroid hormone 
D) reduced; thyroid hormone.

Question 20

(see Figure 9.18a)​
  
-When levels of leptin are low,cells in the ____________________,labeled number ____________________,use NPY and AgRP to communicate with the ____________________,labeled number ____________________,and the ____________________,labeled number ____________________.​

Accepted Answer

arcuate nucleus,4,paraventricu

Drinking is initiated when

Dr.Sanders was excited to observe the effects of leptin on her obese laboratory mice and began to explore ways that leptin could be used to help people lose weight.It is likely that Dr.Sanders will

Most excess sodium and water in the body are excreted by

The Guinness Book of World Records no longer maintains a record for fasting,due to the medical dangers involved.However,in 1971,they included a man,Mr.A.B.,who went 382 days without food.Based on what you know about the normal storage of fat in the human body,it should be apparent that Mr.A.B.

Hypovolemic thirst results from

Shivering and blood vessel constriction

Medications used to treat high blood pressure include _ because they _ blood volume.

Temperature-insensitive neurons in the posterior hypothalamus

Vomiting and diarrhea may be life threatening when _ sodium levels lead to_ blood pressure.

Fevers due to illness

(see Figure 9.6) -Responses to warmer core temperatures are coordinated by the , labeled number ,and responses to cooler core temperature are coordinated by the ,labeled number .

A particular value defended by a regulatory system,such as body weight or core temperature,is known as

Extracellular fluid includes

Leptin is produced and secreted by

What is the most likely relationship between genetics and eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

Ryan was running his first marathon with a friend,and after drinking a lot of plain water,he dropped out of the race.At the hospital,he was diagnosed with hyponatremia and treated for

If you set your home's thermostat to 68 degrees F,this setting is analogous to your body's

Risk for hyperthermia is increased when a

The hot flashes associated with menopause in women probably involve _levels of _.

(see Figure 9.18a) -When levels of leptin are low,cells in the ,labeled number ,use NPY and AgRP to communicate with the ,labeled number ,and the ,labeled number .

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: the Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Hemispheric Asymmetry, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

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Exam 9: Homeostasis and Motivation