Question 1

Compared with P cells,M cells have​

Accepted Answer

A) smaller, slower axons. 
B) smaller receptive fields. 
C) the ability to respond to subtle contrast. 
D) the ability to respond to color. 
A) smaller, slower axons. 
B) smaller receptive fields. 
C) the ability to respond to subtle contrast. 
D) the ability to respond to color.

Question 2

The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)​

Accepted Answer

A) does not show an antagonistic center-surround organization. 
B)  shows antagonistic center-surround organization that has the same strength as that found in the retina.​ 
C)  shows antagonistic center-surround organization that is weaker than that found in the retina. 
D) shows antagonistic center-surround organization that is stronger than that found in the retina. 
A) does not show an antagonistic center-surround organization. 
B)  shows antagonistic center-surround organization that has the same strength as that found in the retina.​ 
C)  shows antagonistic center-surround organization that is weaker than that found in the retina. 
D) shows antagonistic center-surround organization that is stronger than that found in the retina.

Question 3

Which of the following involves a binocular depth cue?​

Accepted Answer

A) texture gradient 
B) relative size 
C) retinal disparity 
D) perspective (parallel lines converge at the horizon) 
A) texture gradient 
B) relative size 
C) retinal disparity 
D) perspective (parallel lines converge at the horizon)

Question 4

At the level of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN),input from the two eyes in humans is​

Accepted Answer

A) kept completely separate. 
B) kept separate in the magnocellular layers, but not in the parvocellular layers. 
C) kept separate in the parvocellular layers, but not in the magnocellular layers. 
D) mingled in all layers. 
A) kept completely separate. 
B) kept separate in the magnocellular layers, but not in the parvocellular layers. 
C) kept separate in the parvocellular layers, but not in the magnocellular layers. 
D) mingled in all layers.

Question 5

Tears shed in response to emotional events _________ tears shed while peeling onions.​

Accepted Answer

A) contain more protein than 
B) contain more glucose than 
C) contain less water than 
D) have the same composition as 
A) contain more protein than 
B) contain more glucose than 
C) contain less water than 
D) have the same composition as

Question 6

The cell bodies of bipolar,amacrine,and horizontal cells are located in the _________ layer.​

Accepted Answer

A) inner nuclear 
B) outer nuclear 
C) inner plexiform 
D) outer plexiform 
A) inner nuclear 
B) outer nuclear 
C) inner plexiform 
D) outer plexiform

Question 7

While recording from a bipolar cell with a off-center surround-on receptive field,you observe a hyperpolarization in your cell.The stimulus that most likely triggered this response is light that covered​

Accepted Answer

A) the surround, but not the center. 
B) the center, but not the surround. 
C) half of the center and half of the surround. 
D) the entire receptive field. 
A) the surround, but not the center. 
B) the center, but not the surround. 
C) half of the center and half of the surround. 
D) the entire receptive field.

Question 8

Cell bodies of the photoreceptors are located in the _________ area.​

Accepted Answer

A) inner nuclear 
B) outer nuclear 
C) inner plexiform 
D) outer plexiform 
A) inner nuclear 
B) outer nuclear 
C) inner plexiform 
D) outer plexiform

Question 9

The majority of human ganglion cells are _________ cells.​

Accepted Answer

A) P 
B) M 
C) A 
D) K 
A) P 
B) M 
C) A 
D) K

Question 10

The trichromatic theory of color vision is based on _________ and best explains the processing of color at the level of the _________.​

Accepted Answer

A) the existence of three types of cones; retina 
B) the existence of three types of cones; primary visual cortex 
C) antagonistic center-surround receptive fields; retina 
D) antagonistic center-surround receptive fields; primary visual cortex 
A) the existence of three types of cones; retina 
B) the existence of three types of cones; primary visual cortex 
C) antagonistic center-surround receptive fields; retina 
D) antagonistic center-surround receptive fields; primary visual cortex

Question 11

The amplitude of a light wave is encoded as _____________,while the wavelength of a light wave is encoded as ___________________.​

Accepted Answer

A) brightness; color 
B) color; brightness 
C) saturation; reflection 
D) hue; saturation 
A) brightness; color 
B) color; brightness 
C) saturation; reflection 
D) hue; saturation

Question 12

Anthony has dark brown eyes,and his sister Samantha has green eyes.It is likely that​

Accepted Answer

A) Anthony's aqueous humor has a different composition than Samantha's. 
B) Anthony's irises contain a denser blood supply than Samantha's. 
C) Samantha's irises contain more melanin than Anthony's. 
D) Anthony's irises contain more melanin than Samantha's. 
A) Anthony's aqueous humor has a different composition than Samantha's. 
B) Anthony's irises contain a denser blood supply than Samantha's. 
C) Samantha's irises contain more melanin than Anthony's. 
D) Anthony's irises contain more melanin than Samantha's.

Question 13

A visual interneuron's receptive field is defined as the​

Accepted Answer

A) portion of the visual field to which the interneuron responds. 
B) group of photoreceptors providing the interneuron with input. 
C) combination of the interneuron and the cells with which it communicates. 
D) location on the retina where light affects the interneuron's activity. 
A) portion of the visual field to which the interneuron responds. 
B) group of photoreceptors providing the interneuron with input. 
C) combination of the interneuron and the cells with which it communicates. 
D) location on the retina where light affects the interneuron's activity.

Question 14

Which of the following features do not contribute to the protection of the human eye?​

Accepted Answer

A) the bony orbits 
B) tears 
C) the placement of the eyes toward the front 
D) blinking 
A) the bony orbits 
B) tears 
C) the placement of the eyes toward the front 
D) blinking

Question 15

Color constancy may be maintained in part by the activity of neurons located in Area​

Accepted Answer

A) MT. 
B) MST. 
C) V4. 
D) IT. 
A) MT. 
B) MST. 
C) V4. 
D) IT.

Question 16

Astigmatism usually occurs when the​

Accepted Answer

A) eye is elongated. 
B) eye is shortened. 
C) cornea is misshapen. 
D) lens becomes clouded. 
A) eye is elongated. 
B) eye is shortened. 
C) cornea is misshapen. 
D) lens becomes clouded.

Question 17

The majority of the axons in the optic tracts project to the​

Accepted Answer

A) suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. 
B) superior colliculus. 
C) inferior colliculus. 
D) thalamus. 
A) suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. 
B) superior colliculus. 
C) inferior colliculus. 
D) thalamus.

Question 18

A condition in which both eyes do not focus on an object together is known as​

Accepted Answer

A) amblyopia. 
B) myopia. 
C) hyperopia. 
D) presbyopia. 
A) amblyopia. 
B) myopia. 
C) hyperopia. 
D) presbyopia.

Question 19

Cataracts occur when the​

Accepted Answer

A) eye is elongated. 
B) eye is shortened. 
C) cornea is misshapen. 
D) lens becomes clouded. 
A) eye is elongated. 
B) eye is shortened. 
C) cornea is misshapen. 
D) lens becomes clouded.

Question 20

The fovea contains only​

Accepted Answer

A) rods in all animals. 
B) cones in all animals. 
C) rods in primates. 
D) cones in primates. 
A) rods in all animals. 
B) cones in all animals. 
C) rods in primates. 
D) cones in primates.

Compared with P cells,M cells have

The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)

Which of the following involves a binocular depth cue?

At the level of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN),input from the two eyes in humans is

Tears shed in response to emotional events _________ tears shed while peeling onions.

The cell bodies of bipolar,amacrine,and horizontal cells are located in the _________ layer.

While recording from a bipolar cell with a off-center surround-on receptive field,you observe a hyperpolarization in your cell.The stimulus that most likely triggered this response is light that covered

Cell bodies of the photoreceptors are located in the _________ area.

The majority of human ganglion cells are _________ cells.

The trichromatic theory of color vision is based on _ and best explains the processing of color at the level of the _.

The amplitude of a light wave is encoded as _,while the wavelength of a light wave is encoded as _______.

Anthony has dark brown eyes,and his sister Samantha has green eyes.It is likely that

A visual interneuron's receptive field is defined as the

Which of the following features do not contribute to the protection of the human eye?

Color constancy may be maintained in part by the activity of neurons located in Area

Astigmatism usually occurs when the

The majority of the axons in the optic tracts project to the

A condition in which both eyes do not focus on an object together is known as

Cataracts occur when the

The fovea contains only

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Exam 6: Vision