Exam 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Twelve-year-old Heather has a smaller head circumference and less gray matter thickness than typical children of her same age,sex,and size.It is most likely that​ 

Brandon and Jacob are identical twins.However,Brandon had a finger damaged in an accident,so even if you couldn't tell them apart from a distance,once you saw the finger you knew who was who.This difference is a characteristic of their​ 

Which of the following is the best definition of a gene?​ 

The _______ hypothesis suggests that the cognitive resources a person possesses may offset age-related decreases in functioning​ 

Experience strengthens existing synapses when​ 

Axons growing toward the optic chiasm are directed contralaterally or ipsilaterally by​ 

Describe what it means to be an imprinted gene.​

Cells that develop into neurons and glia originate in the​ 

(see Figure 5.17)​ -Boxes a-d illustrate several influences on growing axons that help them reach their target cells.Briefly describe the process illustrated in each box. a. ______________________________________________________________ b. ______________________________________________________________ c. ______________________________________________________________ d. ______________________________________________________________​

The passing along of genes that are physically close to one another on the same chromosome is known as​ 

The completion of myelination​ 

Alternative versions of a particular gene are known as 

Rosa Hoekstra and her colleagues (2007,p.372)reported that "individual differences in endorsement on autistic traits show substantial heritability (57%)." Define heritability,and discuss the proper use of the concept and the implications of Hoekstra et al.'s statement.​

During which stage of development do new neurons form connections with other neurons?​ 

Hubel and Wiesel's research with vision in kittens demonstrated that experience has _________ effects on the organization of the visual cortex _________.​ 

(see Figure 5.15)​ -This figure illustrates an important step in the process of neural development. Briefly describe the process depicted here.​

Myelination occurs in 

Guidepost cells release chemicals that 

Robert and Megan are brother and sister,and both have type O blood.They know that their mother has type A blood,but they don't know their father's blood type.Using what they know about their own blood types and their mother's,they know that their father's blood type​ 

A recessive gene allele​