Exam 19: A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

The elevation of the water table ________.

Topography dominated by depressions formed by the collapse of caves is termed a ________.

A regular kitchen sponge has ________ porosity but ________ permeability.

Groundwater ________.

A periodic explosive eruption of steam and water from within the ground up through the surface is termed a(n)________.

Rates of groundwater flow are ________ than stream flow because the water ________.

Imagine that some of the wells around a city have begun to show elevated levels of a toxic substance.Without knowing what the toxic substance is,how can you determine what the source of the chemicals might be?

Karst terrain could form in areas where the metamorphic rock ________ is prevalent because the rock contains the mineral ________.

Why does an artesian well flow without pumping?

The hydraulic gradient in Darcy's Law is essentially the same as which of the following?

Hard water results from relatively high concentrations of dissolved ________.

Which list correctly orders the three types of subsurface water from shallowest to deepest?

A(n)________ aquifer is more likely to be contaminated than a(n)________ aquifer.

The majority of caves are formed by the dissolution of bedrock ________.

You are performing a dye trace study in which you add some dye to a recharge area of the Norton Aquifer and monitor various wells drilled into the aquifer to watch for the dye to appear.You have determined that the discharge of groundwater in the Norton Aquifer is 7.5 ´ 10-⁷ m/s,and you are monitoring wells at distances of 0.5 m (Well A),2 m (Well B),and 100 m (Well C)from the recharge area.When do you expect the dye to appear at each well site?

If a material is porous,it ________.

The figure below shows the Ogallala and Dakota aquifers along with interlayered shale deposits.What likely occurred in the area to produce the alternating shale and sandstone layers?

In many areas with karst terrain,people use sinkholes as places to dump garbage.What effect might this practice have on the groundwater supply?

Rock or sediment between the water table and the land surface represents a(n)________.

You are attempting to calculate the discharge of groundwater in the Marshak Aquifer.The measured the height of the water table in Well A is 300 m and 175 m in Well B,and the wells are 15,000 m apart.The Marshak Aquifer is composed of fine-grained sandstone with a hydraulic conductivity of 3 ´ 10-⁵ m/s,and a cross-sectional area of 2 m².Calculate the discharge of the Marshak Aquifer.