Question 1

What did the Joint Committee on Reconstruction find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blacks were grossly inferior to whites, and should have been left in slavery. 
B)  Southern states were carrying out reconstruction goals to the best of their ability. 
C)  Blacks were being treated very poorly, and Southern whites didn't seem to realize they had lost the war. 
D)  Blacks were being treated poorly, but with additional education they should be able to gain political rights for themselves. 
A)  Blacks were grossly inferior to whites, and should have been left in slavery. 
B)  Southern states were carrying out reconstruction goals to the best of their ability. 
C)  Blacks were being treated very poorly, and Southern whites didn't seem to realize they had lost the war. 
D)  Blacks were being treated poorly, but with additional education they should be able to gain political rights for themselves. C

Question 2

Why did Andrew Johnson veto the Freedmen's Bureau Bill?

Accepted Answer

A)  He did not think that it went far enough in granting rights to blacks. 
B)  He felt it would increase the federal bureaucracy too much. 
C)  He hoped to gain control of the agency for himself, rather than leave it in the hands of Congress. 
D)  He wanted blacks to focus on access to land and jobs, not the vote. 
A)  He did not think that it went far enough in granting rights to blacks. 
B)  He felt it would increase the federal bureaucracy too much. 
C)  He hoped to gain control of the agency for himself, rather than leave it in the hands of Congress. 
D)  He wanted blacks to focus on access to land and jobs, not the vote. B

Question 3

How did some former masters react to the emancipation of their slaves?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some were tremendously hurt and surprised when their slaves chose to run away or leave after freedom. 
B)  Many were hopeful for their slaves' chances in freedom. 
C)  Some whites reacted with violence against slaves. 
D)  Most masters fled the country after the end of the war, so they were not present for emancipation. 
A)  Some were tremendously hurt and surprised when their slaves chose to run away or leave after freedom. 
B)  Many were hopeful for their slaves' chances in freedom. 
C)  Some whites reacted with violence against slaves. 
D)  Most masters fled the country after the end of the war, so they were not present for emancipation. A

Question 4

How did women's suffragists feel about the Fourteenth Amendment?

Accepted Answer

A)  They enthusiastically supported the Fourteenth Amendment, since it offered gains for women. 
B)  Since women couldn't vote, they had no opinion on the Fourteenth Amendment. 
C)  They felt betrayed and angry, since the Fourteenth Amendment included only men. 
D)  They felt that working for black men should be their first priority, and they gladly accepted the terms of the Fourteenth Amendment. 
A)  They enthusiastically supported the Fourteenth Amendment, since it offered gains for women. 
B)  Since women couldn't vote, they had no opinion on the Fourteenth Amendment. 
C)  They felt betrayed and angry, since the Fourteenth Amendment included only men. 
D)  They felt that working for black men should be their first priority, and they gladly accepted the terms of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Question 5

What happened to Circular 13 and Special Field Order # 15?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were both revoked. Land that had been given to blacks was returned to white owners. 
B)  They both served as models for black freedom for the rest of the country. 
C)  They were generally ignored, as northern whites were just as racist as Southerners. 
D)  They continued as they had during the war, but had little effect, since they were of such small scale. 
A)  They were both revoked. Land that had been given to blacks was returned to white owners. 
B)  They both served as models for black freedom for the rest of the country. 
C)  They were generally ignored, as northern whites were just as racist as Southerners. 
D)  They continued as they had during the war, but had little effect, since they were of such small scale.

Question 6

Which of the following is true about racially integrated schools in the South in the decades following Reconstruction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because of limitations to funding, the first schools after Reconstruction were generally integrated, although students attended separate classrooms by race. 
B)  No integrated schools were established immediately after Reconstruction. 
C)  Racially integrated schools faced very high levels of violence from whites. 
D)  Only Upper South states had racially integrated schools. 
A)  Because of limitations to funding, the first schools after Reconstruction were generally integrated, although students attended separate classrooms by race. 
B)  No integrated schools were established immediately after Reconstruction. 
C)  Racially integrated schools faced very high levels of violence from whites. 
D)  Only Upper South states had racially integrated schools.

Question 7

What was the significance of the Election of 1866?

Accepted Answer

A)  Republicans gained two-thirds majorities in both the House and Senate. They could, therefore, override any presidential veto. 
B)  Republicans gained simple majorities in both the House and Senate. They could, therefore, override any presidential veto. 
C)  Democrats gained strength, since Americans saw the impeachment attempt of the president as a political sham. 
D)  A new, independent party, the National Democrats, gained significant amounts of power through the black vote. 
A)  Republicans gained two-thirds majorities in both the House and Senate. They could, therefore, override any presidential veto. 
B)  Republicans gained simple majorities in both the House and Senate. They could, therefore, override any presidential veto. 
C)  Democrats gained strength, since Americans saw the impeachment attempt of the president as a political sham. 
D)  A new, independent party, the National Democrats, gained significant amounts of power through the black vote.

Question 8

Which of the following is not true of Special Field Order #15?

Accepted Answer

A)  It set aside some land between Charleston and Jacksonville for former slave use. 
B)  Sherman allowed some of the slaves to use army mules. 
C)  Relative to the freed population of slaves, it affected a very large number of people. 
D)  The order forced former slaves to work in repairing the wartime damages to Southern cities. 
A)  It set aside some land between Charleston and Jacksonville for former slave use. 
B)  Sherman allowed some of the slaves to use army mules. 
C)  Relative to the freed population of slaves, it affected a very large number of people. 
D)  The order forced former slaves to work in repairing the wartime damages to Southern cities.

Question 9

What was true about the provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was intended to make black codes illegal. 
B)  It would have made all minorities and racial groups, if they had been born in America, citizens of the United States. 
C)  It applied to women as well as men, and would have granted universal voting rights to all over the age of 18. 
D)  It was a very weak law, and would have had no effect on blacks in reality. 
A)  It was intended to make black codes illegal. 
B)  It would have made all minorities and racial groups, if they had been born in America, citizens of the United States. 
C)  It applied to women as well as men, and would have granted universal voting rights to all over the age of 18. 
D)  It was a very weak law, and would have had no effect on blacks in reality.

Question 10

Why was there so much violence in the South after Reconstruction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blacks became increasingly frustrated with a lack of political rights, and frequently resorted to violence. 
B)  Blacks were forced to retaliate against initial white violence. 
C)  White Southerners were frustrated by their loss during the Civil War, and resented blacks acquiring freedom and status. 
D)  Confederates never officially disbanded their army, so Southerners continued to fight against the North. 
A)  Blacks became increasingly frustrated with a lack of political rights, and frequently resorted to violence. 
B)  Blacks were forced to retaliate against initial white violence. 
C)  White Southerners were frustrated by their loss during the Civil War, and resented blacks acquiring freedom and status. 
D)  Confederates never officially disbanded their army, so Southerners continued to fight against the North.

Question 11

How did Andrew Johnson's becoming president affect blacks?

Accepted Answer

A)  It didn't affect them. Johnson followed all of Lincoln's plans and initiated none of his own. 
B)  Johnson felt that blacks should not vote or have a role in government, and were vastly inferior to whites. He destroyed many of their hopes. 
C)  Johnson felt that blacks were the social and political equals of whites, and that they should be given the same rights as whites. 
D)  Johnson was president only for a few months, and therefore had little effect . 
A)  It didn't affect them. Johnson followed all of Lincoln's plans and initiated none of his own. 
B)  Johnson felt that blacks should not vote or have a role in government, and were vastly inferior to whites. He destroyed many of their hopes. 
C)  Johnson felt that blacks were the social and political equals of whites, and that they should be given the same rights as whites. 
D)  Johnson was president only for a few months, and therefore had little effect .

Question 12

Who became president after Abraham Lincoln was assassinated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lyndon Johnson 
B)  Andrew Johnson 
C)  John Danielson 
D)  William Sherman 
A)  Lyndon Johnson 
B)  Andrew Johnson 
C)  John Danielson 
D)  William Sherman

Question 13

What was the purpose of the Union Leagues in the South?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were racist white organizations designed to stop blacks from gaining rights. 
B)  They were interracial organizations working for racial harmony. 
C)  They were social and sometimes political organizations, in which blacks often played a prominent role. 
D)  They were business organizations for blacks. 
A)  They were racist white organizations designed to stop blacks from gaining rights. 
B)  They were interracial organizations working for racial harmony. 
C)  They were social and sometimes political organizations, in which blacks often played a prominent role. 
D)  They were business organizations for blacks.

Question 14

Which of the following was a black college established after the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A)  Morehouse 
B)  Hampton 
C)  Cheyney University 
D)  Wilberforce University 
A)  Morehouse 
B)  Hampton 
C)  Cheyney University 
D)  Wilberforce University

Question 15

Which black man was selected from South Carolina to participate in the 1864 Republican National Convention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Frederick Douglass 
B)  Earl Little 
C)  Robert Smalls 
D)  Booker T. Washington 
A)  Frederick Douglass 
B)  Earl Little 
C)  Robert Smalls 
D)  Booker T. Washington

Question 16

Why did many oppose the land bill Thaddeus Stevens introduced in Congress in late 1865?

Accepted Answer

A)  They felt that it was too mild a punishment for Confederate officers. 
B)  They felt that property rights of Southerners were more important than granting land to blacks. 
C)  They felt that taking away land already owned by blacks was unfair. 
D)  They didn't want land taken away from their states, which would make them unpopular politically. 
A)  They felt that it was too mild a punishment for Confederate officers. 
B)  They felt that property rights of Southerners were more important than granting land to blacks. 
C)  They felt that taking away land already owned by blacks was unfair. 
D)  They didn't want land taken away from their states, which would make them unpopular politically.

Question 17

How was Lincoln changing his opinion of blacks shortly before he was assassinated?

Accepted Answer

A)  He suggested that perhaps some blacks who were educated or veterans should be able to vote. 
B)  He thought that not only should all blacks be free, but also that they should enjoy the same political and social rights as whites. 
C)  He thought that the federal government should give each freed black "forty acres and a mule." 
D)  He was really not changing his mind at all. He was always more concerned with the Southern states than the black people in them. 
A)  He suggested that perhaps some blacks who were educated or veterans should be able to vote. 
B)  He thought that not only should all blacks be free, but also that they should enjoy the same political and social rights as whites. 
C)  He thought that the federal government should give each freed black "forty acres and a mule." 
D)  He was really not changing his mind at all. He was always more concerned with the Southern states than the black people in them.

Question 18

What do Fisk, Hampton, Tougaloo, and Avery Colleges have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  They all began as all-white colleges, and changed to black institutions after the war. 
B)  They had nothing in common. Each was founded at different times, by different people, for different reasons. 
C)  They only taught literature and writing to blacks. 
D)  They were black schools established by religious organizations, along with the Freedmen's Bureau, after the Civil War. 
A)  They all began as all-white colleges, and changed to black institutions after the war. 
B)  They had nothing in common. Each was founded at different times, by different people, for different reasons. 
C)  They only taught literature and writing to blacks. 
D)  They were black schools established by religious organizations, along with the Freedmen's Bureau, after the Civil War.

Question 19

Why did the Freedmen's Bureau try to get blacks to sign labor contracts with white landowners?

Accepted Answer

A)  They thought that action was in the best interests of blacks. 
B)  They were pressing for economic stability in the area, which needed labor to produce crops. 
C)  They hoped to break the spirit of the South, by showing how blacks could become economically independent. 
D)  The Freedmen's Bureau had absolutely no role in helping blacks with labor contracts. 
A)  They thought that action was in the best interests of blacks. 
B)  They were pressing for economic stability in the area, which needed labor to produce crops. 
C)  They hoped to break the spirit of the South, by showing how blacks could become economically independent. 
D)  The Freedmen's Bureau had absolutely no role in helping blacks with labor contracts.

Question 20

What were the terms of Johnson's reconstruction plan?

Accepted Answer

A)  Johnson never came up with his own reconstruction plan. He simply accepted the one offered by Congress. 
B)  The Confederate states had to formally accept the Thirteenth Amendment, and repudiate Confederate war debts. 
C)  Johnson hoped to achieve civil and political rights for blacks. 
D)  Johnson wanted the South to pay reparations to the North, and to pay each slave for their lifetimes of labor. 
A)  Johnson never came up with his own reconstruction plan. He simply accepted the one offered by Congress. 
B)  The Confederate states had to formally accept the Thirteenth Amendment, and repudiate Confederate war debts. 
C)  Johnson hoped to achieve civil and political rights for blacks. 
D)  Johnson wanted the South to pay reparations to the North, and to pay each slave for their lifetimes of labor.

Exam 12: The Meaning of Freedom: the Promise of Reconstruction

What did the Joint Committee on Reconstruction find?

Why did Andrew Johnson veto the Freedmen's Bureau Bill?

How did some former masters react to the emancipation of their slaves?

How did women's suffragists feel about the Fourteenth Amendment?

What happened to Circular 13 and Special Field Order # 15?

Which of the following is true about racially integrated schools in the South in the decades following Reconstruction?

What was the significance of the Election of 1866?

Which of the following is not true of Special Field Order #15?

What was true about the provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

Why was there so much violence in the South after Reconstruction?

How did Andrew Johnson's becoming president affect blacks?

Who became president after Abraham Lincoln was assassinated?

What was the purpose of the Union Leagues in the South?

Which of the following was a black college established after the Civil War?

Which black man was selected from South Carolina to participate in the 1864 Republican National Convention?

Why did many oppose the land bill Thaddeus Stevens introduced in Congress in late 1865?

How was Lincoln changing his opinion of blacks shortly before he was assassinated?

What do Fisk, Hampton, Tougaloo, and Avery Colleges have in common?

Why did the Freedmen's Bureau try to get blacks to sign labor contracts with white landowners?

What were the terms of Johnson's reconstruction plan?

Africa

Middle Passage

Black People in Colonial North America

Rising Expectations: African Americans and the Struggle for Independence

African Americans in the New Nation, 1783-1820

Life in the Cotton Kingdom

Free Black People in Antebellum America

Opposition to Slavery

Let Your Motto Be Resistance

And Black People Were at the Heart of It

Liberation: African Americans and the Civil War

The Meaning of Freedom: the Failure of Reconstruction, 1868-1877

White Supremacy Triumphant: African Americans in the South in the Late Nineteenth Century

Black Southerners Challenge White Supremacy

Conciliation, Agitation, and Migration: African Americans in the Early Twentieth Century

African Americans and the 1920s

Black Protests, the Great Depression, and the New Deal

Meanings of Freedom: Culture and Society in the 1930s and 1940s

The World War Ii Era and the Seeds of a Revolution, 1936-1948

The Freedom Movement

Black Nationalism, Black Power, Black Arts, 1965-1976

African Americans at the Millennium

The Triumph of Black Politics: 1980 to the Present

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