Exam 2: Indigenous Sacred Ways

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Among shamans, medicine power is considered spiritually __________.

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In many indigenous cultures, women are treated differently during their menstrual periods. Why is this the case? Please give examples of how women's menstrual blood is variously regarded and what this indicates about the cultures' perceptions of women's spiritual power or lack thereof.

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In many indigenous cultures, women are treated differently during their menstrual periods due to traditional beliefs and cultural practices surrounding menstruation. In these cultures, menstruation is often seen as a time of spiritual significance and women are regarded as having heightened spiritual power during this time. However, this can also lead to restrictions and taboos being placed on women during their periods.

For example, in some indigenous cultures, women are required to seclude themselves from the community during menstruation, as they are believed to be spiritually powerful and potentially dangerous to others. In some cultures, women are not allowed to participate in certain religious ceremonies or touch sacred objects while menstruating. In other cultures, women are considered to be unclean during their periods and are prohibited from cooking, entering certain areas of the home, or engaging in sexual activity.

These various attitudes towards women's menstrual blood indicate a complex range of beliefs about women's spiritual power. On one hand, menstruation is seen as a time of heightened spiritual power for women, as they are believed to be more in tune with the natural world and the spiritual realm. On the other hand, these beliefs can also lead to women being marginalized and restricted during their periods, as their spiritual power is seen as potentially dangerous or polluting.

Overall, the treatment of women during their menstrual periods in indigenous cultures reflects a complex interplay of beliefs about women's spiritual power and the ways in which these beliefs are used to control and regulate women's behavior.

Indigenous spirituality may be described as __________.

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The religious term that means a model of the origins of the universe is __________.

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Indigenous sacred ways are not static but change with time.

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The Dahomey tradition from West Africa was carried to Haiti by African slaves and called __________.

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A symbol for the unity of all things that many indigenous cultures use is that of the __________.

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Indigenous sensitivities are playing an important role in environmental preservation.

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When indigenous ways were threatened with repression, many of the traditions were practiced __________.

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Approximately how old are shamanic methods estimated to be?

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Indigenous peoples comprise at least 17% of the world's population.

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Shamans focus only on healing physical illness.

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Illustrate the effects of globalization on indigenous people, citing concrete examples drawn from the chapter. How might these effects be mitigated today by more sensitive and self-critical approaches of western scholars, business people, etc. on native populations?

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Despite their geographical diversity, indigenous religions all operate within the same social context.

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Shamans should not be confused with people who use black magic to hurt others, which are known as __________.

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When after a ritual purification, an individual is sent alone to a sacred spot in order to experience a personal connection with the spirits, they are said to undergo a __________.

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Descendants of original inhabitants of lands now controlled by larger political systems are called __________.

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As indigenous peoples mingle with industrialized nations in an increasingly globalized world, indigenous elders seek to convert others to a respect for life rather than to convert to their religious traditions. What strategies might they use to maintain and share their values with people from very different contexts?

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Globalization has helped indigenous sacred ways to grow and thrive.

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Dreamtime refers to the Australian aboriginal understanding of the __________.

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