Question 1

Tree species richness is greatest in temperate

Accepted Answer

A)  North America 
B)  Eastern Asia 
C)  Europe 
D)  Richness is equal in all these areas 
A)  North America 
B)  Eastern Asia 
C)  Europe 
D)  Richness is equal in all these areas B

Question 2

Mammal species richness in the U.S. is highest in the

Accepted Answer

A)  Northeast 
B)  Southeast 
C)  Northwest 
D)  Southwest 
A)  Northeast 
B)  Southeast 
C)  Northwest 
D)  Southwest D

Question 3

The peninsular effect increases species richness on peninsulas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Bird species richness is highest in

Accepted Answer

A)  Canada 
B)  The U.S. 
C)  Costa Rica 
A)  Canada 
B)  The U.S. 
C)  Costa Rica

Question 5

Just 17 countries are home to nearly 80% of all known species. Such countries are known as _______________ countries.

Accepted Answer

A)  Megadiversity 
B)  Endemic 
C)  Crisis ecoregion 
D)  Last of the wild 
E)  Metadiversity 
A)  Megadiversity 
B)  Endemic 
C)  Crisis ecoregion 
D)  Last of the wild 
E)  Metadiversity

Question 6

The conservation strategy that protects low vulnerability areas and areas of low irreplacibility is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  Megadiversity countries 
B)  Biodiversity hot spots 
C)  Endemic areas 
D)  Last of the wild 
E)  Crisis ecoregions 
A)  Megadiversity countries 
B)  Biodiversity hot spots 
C)  Endemic areas 
D)  Last of the wild 
E)  Crisis ecoregions

Question 7

34 "hot spots" on Earth, occupying only 2-3% of the Earth's surface, contain what percent of the world's total of endemic plant species?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  50 
C)  75 
D)  80 
E)  95 
A)  20 
B)  50 
C)  75 
D)  80 
E)  95

Question 8

The correlation between the numbers of insect species on British tree species and the evolutionary age of these trees in Britain supports which hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Species area 
B)  Species time 
C)  Species energy 
D)  Intermediate disturbance 
E)  Natural enemies 
A)  Species area 
B)  Species time 
C)  Species energy 
D)  Intermediate disturbance 
E)  Natural enemies

Question 9

Which evidence supports the species energy hypothesis to explain polar-equatorial gradients in species richness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lake Baikal contains more species of benthic invertebrates than Great Slave Lake 
B)  There is a strong polar-equatorial gradient in marine species richness 
C)  Disturbed areas support more species than undisturbed areas 
D)  Tropical areas have a greater land mass than temperate areas 
E)  The greatest number of tree species in the U.S. are in the hot, moist southeast 
A)  Lake Baikal contains more species of benthic invertebrates than Great Slave Lake 
B)  There is a strong polar-equatorial gradient in marine species richness 
C)  Disturbed areas support more species than undisturbed areas 
D)  Tropical areas have a greater land mass than temperate areas 
E)  The greatest number of tree species in the U.S. are in the hot, moist southeast

Question 10

Which of the following methods of targeting areas for conservation targets the number of endemic species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Megadiversity 
B)  Crisis ecoregions 
C)  Biodiversity hotspots 
D)  Hyperendemicism 
E)  Last of the wild 
A)  Megadiversity 
B)  Crisis ecoregions 
C)  Biodiversity hotspots 
D)  Hyperendemicism 
E)  Last of the wild

Question 11

An increase in the amount of winter rain in California would increase biodiversity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following biodiversity hot spots contains most plant species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tropical Andes 
B)  Madagascar 
C)  Philippines 
D)  Caribbean 
E)  Indo-Burma 
A)  Tropical Andes 
B)  Madagascar 
C)  Philippines 
D)  Caribbean 
E)  Indo-Burma

Question 13

Which of the following species was the competitive dominant on the rocky shores of Washington State and which was preyed on most by Pisaster starfish?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chitons 
B)  Mussels 
C)  Barnacles 
D)  Whelks 
E)  Bivalves 
A)  Chitons 
B)  Mussels 
C)  Barnacles 
D)  Whelks 
E)  Bivalves

Question 14

Climatically similar areas in different parts of the world always have the same number of species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The idea that society should protect representatives of major habitats under severe threat is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  Megadiversity hot spots 
B)  Endemic ecoregions 
C)  Crisis ecoregions 
D)  Call of the wild 
E)  Last of the wild 
A)  Megadiversity hot spots 
B)  Endemic ecoregions 
C)  Crisis ecoregions 
D)  Call of the wild 
E)  Last of the wild

Question 16

Climate change may change the number of individuals of many different species present in a community but is unlikely to change the number of species present.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Many factors affect species richness. At what scale are predation and other biotic invertebrates most important?

Accepted Answer

A)  Continent 
B)  Region 
C)  Local population 
D)  Landscape 
E)  Realm 
A)  Continent 
B)  Region 
C)  Local population 
D)  Landscape 
E)  Realm

Question 18

Trees have been present in Britain only for the last _____ years.

Accepted Answer

A)  1000 
B)  5000 
C)  13,000 
D)  23,000 
E)  38,000 
A)  1000 
B)  5000 
C)  13,000 
D)  23,000 
E)  38,000

Question 19

The guild of insects attacking bracken fern varies remarkably across the globe. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beetle richness increases as fly richness decreases 
B)  Butterfly and moth richness decreases as wasp diversity increases 
C)  The numbers of species of all taxa is much higher in the tropics than in temperate areas 
D)  The number of species of all taxa is lowest in New Guinea 
E)  There is no evidence of complimentary taxonomic changes in guild formation from one area to another 
A)  Beetle richness increases as fly richness decreases 
B)  Butterfly and moth richness decreases as wasp diversity increases 
C)  The numbers of species of all taxa is much higher in the tropics than in temperate areas 
D)  The number of species of all taxa is lowest in New Guinea 
E)  There is no evidence of complimentary taxonomic changes in guild formation from one area to another

Question 20

Disturbances can affect species diversity. Maximal species diversity is often found after _________ sized disturbances.

Accepted Answer

A)  No 
B)  Small 
C)  Intermediate 
D)  Large 
A)  No 
B)  Small 
C)  Intermediate 
D)  Large

Exam 18: Species Richness Patterns

Tree species richness is greatest in temperate

Mammal species richness in the U.S. is highest in the

The peninsular effect increases species richness on peninsulas.

Bird species richness is highest in

Just 17 countries are home to nearly 80% of all known species. Such countries are known as _______________ countries.

The conservation strategy that protects low vulnerability areas and areas of low irreplacibility is known as

34 "hot spots" on Earth, occupying only 2-3% of the Earth's surface, contain what percent of the world's total of endemic plant species?

The correlation between the numbers of insect species on British tree species and the evolutionary age of these trees in Britain supports which hypothesis?

Which evidence supports the species energy hypothesis to explain polar-equatorial gradients in species richness?

Which of the following methods of targeting areas for conservation targets the number of endemic species?

An increase in the amount of winter rain in California would increase biodiversity.

Which of the following biodiversity hot spots contains most plant species?

Which of the following species was the competitive dominant on the rocky shores of Washington State and which was preyed on most by Pisaster starfish?

Climatically similar areas in different parts of the world always have the same number of species.

The idea that society should protect representatives of major habitats under severe threat is known as

Climate change may change the number of individuals of many different species present in a community but is unlikely to change the number of species present.

Many factors affect species richness. At what scale are predation and other biotic invertebrates most important?

Trees have been present in Britain only for the last _____ years.

The guild of insects attacking bracken fern varies remarkably across the globe. Which of the following statements is true?

Disturbances can affect species diversity. Maximal species diversity is often found after _________ sized disturbances.

An Introduction to Ecology

Population Genetics

Natural Selection, Speciation, and Extinction

Behavioral Ecology

Temperature

Water

Nutrients

Demographic Techniques and Population Patterns

Life Tables and Demography

Population Growth

Competition and Coexistence

Facilitation

Predation

Herbivory

Parasitism

Population Regulation

Species Diversity

Species Richness and Community Services

Succession

Island Biogeography

Terrestrial Biomes

Marine Biomes

Freshwater Biomes

Food Webs and Energy Flow

Biomass Production

Biogeochemical Cycles

Filters