Question 1

Why do infants and young children quickly have respiratory distress in acute and chronic alterations of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

A) They have a widened, shorter airway. 
B) There is a defect in their sucking ability. 
C) The gag reflex increases mucus production. 
D) Mucus and edema obstruct small airways. 
A) They have a widened, shorter airway. 
B) There is a defect in their sucking ability. 
C) The gag reflex increases mucus production. 
D) Mucus and edema obstruct small airways.

Question 2

Abdominal thrusts (the Heimlich maneuver)are recommended for airway obstruction in children older than:

Accepted Answer

A) 1 year. 
B) 4 years. 
C) 8 years. 
D) 12 years. 
A) 1 year. 
B) 4 years. 
C) 8 years. 
D) 12 years.

Question 3

The parent of a toddler calls the nurse,asking about croup.What is a distinguishing manifestation of spasmodic croup?

Accepted Answer

A) Wheezing is heard audibly. 
B) It has a harsh, barky cough. 
C) It is bacterial in nature. 
D) The child has a high fever. 
A) Wheezing is heard audibly. 
B) It has a harsh, barky cough. 
C) It is bacterial in nature. 
D) The child has a high fever.

Question 4

Asthma in infants is usually triggered by:

Accepted Answer

A) Medications. 
B) A viral infection. 
C) Exposure to cold air. 
D) Allergy to dust or dust mites. 
A) Medications. 
B) A viral infection. 
C) Exposure to cold air. 
D) Allergy to dust or dust mites.

Question 5

Skin testing for tuberculosis (the Mantoux test)is recommended:

Accepted Answer

A) Every year for all children older than 2 years. 
B) Every year for all children older than 10 years. 
C) Every 2 years for all children starting at age 1 year. 
D) Periodically for children who reside in high-prevalence regions. 
A) Every year for all children older than 2 years. 
B) Every year for all children older than 10 years. 
C) Every 2 years for all children starting at age 1 year. 
D) Periodically for children who reside in high-prevalence regions.

Question 6

Parents have understood teaching about prevention of childhood otitis media if they make which statement?

Accepted Answer

A) "We will only prop the bottle during the daytime feedings." 
B) "Breastfeeding will be discontinued after 4 months of age." 
C) "We will place the child flat right after feedings." 
D) "We will be sure to keep immunizations up to date." 
A) "We will only prop the bottle during the daytime feedings." 
B) "Breastfeeding will be discontinued after 4 months of age." 
C) "We will place the child flat right after feedings." 
D) "We will be sure to keep immunizations up to date."

Question 7

An infant has developed staphylococcal pneumonia.Nursing care of the child with pneumonia includes which of the following? (Select all that apply).

Accepted Answer

A) Cluster care to conserve energy 
B) Round-the-clock administration of antitussive agents 
C) Strict intake and output to avoid congestive heart failure 
D) Administration of antibiotics 
E) Placement in a mist tent 
A) Cluster care to conserve energy 
B) Round-the-clock administration of antitussive agents 
C) Strict intake and output to avoid congestive heart failure 
D) Administration of antibiotics 
E) Placement in a mist tent

Question 8

Which vitamin supplements are necessary for children with cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Vitamin C and calcium 
B) Vitamins B6 and B12 
C) Magnesium 
D) Vitamins A, D, E, and K 
A) Vitamin C and calcium 
B) Vitamins B6 and B12 
C) Magnesium 
D) Vitamins A, D, E, and K

Question 9

b-Adrenergic agonists and methylxanthines are often prescribed for a child with an asthma attack.What is their action?

Accepted Answer

A) Liquefy secretions 
B) Dilate the bronchioles 
C) Reduce inflammation of the lungs 
D) Reduce infection 
A) Liquefy secretions 
B) Dilate the bronchioles 
C) Reduce inflammation of the lungs 
D) Reduce infection

Question 10

The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health care professional if the infant:

Accepted Answer

A) Becomes fussy. 
B) Has a cough. 
C) Has a fever over 99° F. 
D) Shows signs of an earache. 
A) Becomes fussy. 
B) Has a cough. 
C) Has a fever over 99° F. 
D) Shows signs of an earache.

Question 11

The nurse is caring for a child with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)associated with sepsis.Nursing actions should include:

Accepted Answer

A) Force fluids. 
B) Monitor pulse oximetry. 
C) Institute seizure precautions. 
D) Encourage a high-protein diet. 
A) Force fluids. 
B) Monitor pulse oximetry. 
C) Institute seizure precautions. 
D) Encourage a high-protein diet.

Question 12

The nurse is caring for a child with carbon monoxide (CO2)poisoning associated with smoke inhalation.What is essential in this child's care?

Accepted Answer

A) Monitor pulse oximetry. 
B) Monitor arterial blood gases. 
C) Administer oxygen if respiratory distress develops. 
D) Administer oxygen if child's lips become bright, cherry red. 
A) Monitor pulse oximetry. 
B) Monitor arterial blood gases. 
C) Administer oxygen if respiratory distress develops. 
D) Administer oxygen if child's lips become bright, cherry red.

Question 13

A nurse is conducting an in-service on asthma.Which statement is the most descriptive of bronchial asthma?

Accepted Answer

A) There is heightened airway reactivity. 
B) There is decreased resistance in the airway. 
C) The single cause of asthma is an allergic hypersensitivity. 
D) It is inherited. 
A) There is heightened airway reactivity. 
B) There is decreased resistance in the airway. 
C) The single cause of asthma is an allergic hypersensitivity. 
D) It is inherited.

Question 14

An 18-month-old child is seen in the clinic with AOM.Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)is prescribed.Which statement made by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the instructions?

Accepted Answer

A) "I should administer all the prescribed medication." 
B) "I should continue medication until the symptoms subside." 
C) "I will immediately stop giving medication if I notice a change in hearing." 
D) "I will stop giving medication if fever is still present in 24 hours." 
A) "I should administer all the prescribed medication." 
B) "I should continue medication until the symptoms subside." 
C) "I will immediately stop giving medication if I notice a change in hearing." 
D) "I will stop giving medication if fever is still present in 24 hours."

Question 15

The earliest recognizable clinical manifestation of cystic fibrosis (CF)is:

Accepted Answer

A) Meconium ileus. 
B) History of poor intestinal absorption. 
C) Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stools. 
D) Recurrent pneumonia and lung infections. 
A) Meconium ileus. 
B) History of poor intestinal absorption. 
C) Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stools. 
D) Recurrent pneumonia and lung infections.

Question 16

A parent whose two school-age children have asthma asks the nurse in what sports,if any,they can participate.The nurse should recommend:

Accepted Answer

A) Soccer. 
B) Running. 
C) Swimming. 
D) Basketball. 
A) Soccer. 
B) Running. 
C) Swimming. 
D) Basketball.

Question 17

Which information should the nurse teach workers at a day care center about respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?

Accepted Answer

A) RSV is transmitted through particles in the air. 
B) RSV can live on skin or paper for up to a few seconds after contact. 
C) RSV can survive on nonporous surfaces for about 60 minutes. 
D) Frequent hand washing can decrease the spread of the virus. 
A) RSV is transmitted through particles in the air. 
B) RSV can live on skin or paper for up to a few seconds after contact. 
C) RSV can survive on nonporous surfaces for about 60 minutes. 
D) Frequent hand washing can decrease the spread of the virus.

Question 18

A child has a chronic,nonproductive cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration.This suggests:

Accepted Answer

A) Asthma. 
B) Pneumonia. 
C) Bronchiolitis. 
D) Foreign body in the trachea. 
A) Asthma. 
B) Pneumonia. 
C) Bronchiolitis. 
D) Foreign body in the trachea.

Question 19

A child is diagnosed with influenza,probably type A disease.Management includes:

Accepted Answer

A) Clear liquid diet for hydration. 
B) Aspirin to control fever. 
C) Amantadine hydrochloride to reduce symptoms. 
D) Antibiotics to prevent bacterial infection. 
A) Clear liquid diet for hydration. 
B) Aspirin to control fever. 
C) Amantadine hydrochloride to reduce symptoms. 
D) Antibiotics to prevent bacterial infection.

Question 20

Decongestant nose drops are recommended for a 10-month-old infant with an upper respiratory tract infection.Instructions for nose drops should include:

Accepted Answer

A) Avoiding use for more than 3 days. 
B) Keeping drops to use again for nasal congestion. 
C) Administering drops until nasal congestion subsides. 
D) Administering drops after feedings and at bedtime. 
A) Avoiding use for more than 3 days. 
B) Keeping drops to use again for nasal congestion. 
C) Administering drops until nasal congestion subsides. 
D) Administering drops after feedings and at bedtime.

Exam 40: Respiratory Dysfunction

Why do infants and young children quickly have respiratory distress in acute and chronic alterations of the respiratory system?

Abdominal thrusts (the Heimlich maneuver)are recommended for airway obstruction in children older than:

The parent of a toddler calls the nurse,asking about croup.What is a distinguishing manifestation of spasmodic croup?

Asthma in infants is usually triggered by:

Skin testing for tuberculosis (the Mantoux test)is recommended:

Parents have understood teaching about prevention of childhood otitis media if they make which statement?

An infant has developed staphylococcal pneumonia.Nursing care of the child with pneumonia includes which of the following? (Select all that apply).

Which vitamin supplements are necessary for children with cystic fibrosis?

b-Adrenergic agonists and methylxanthines are often prescribed for a child with an asthma attack.What is their action?

The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health care professional if the infant:

The nurse is caring for a child with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)associated with sepsis.Nursing actions should include:

The nurse is caring for a child with carbon monoxide (CO2)poisoning associated with smoke inhalation.What is essential in this child's care?

A nurse is conducting an in-service on asthma.Which statement is the most descriptive of bronchial asthma?

An 18-month-old child is seen in the clinic with AOM.Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)is prescribed.Which statement made by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the instructions?

The earliest recognizable clinical manifestation of cystic fibrosis (CF)is:

A parent whose two school-age children have asthma asks the nurse in what sports,if any,they can participate.The nurse should recommend:

Which information should the nurse teach workers at a day care center about respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?

A child has a chronic,nonproductive cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration.This suggests:

A child is diagnosed with influenza,probably type A disease.Management includes:

Decongestant nose drops are recommended for a 10-month-old infant with an upper respiratory tract infection.Instructions for nose drops should include:

21st Century Maternity Nursing

Community Care: the Family and Culture

Assessment and Health Promotion

Reproductive System Concerns

Infertility,contraception,and Abortion

Genetics, conception, and Fetal Development

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy

Nursing Care of the Family During Pregnancy

Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Assessment of High Risk Pregnancy

Pregnancy at Risk: Preexisting Conditions

Pregnancy at Risk: Gestational Conditions

Labor and Birth Processes

Pain Management

Fetal Assessment During Labor

Nursing Care of the Family During Labor and Birth

Labor and Birth Complications

Maternal Physiologic Changes

Nursing Care of the Family During the Postpartum Period

Transition to Parenthood

Postpartum Complications

Physiologic and Behavioral Adaptations of the Newborn

Nursing Care of the Newborn and Family

Newborn Nutrition and Feeding

The High Risk Newborn

21st Century Pediatric Nursing

Family, social, cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion

Communication, history, and Physical Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management in Children

The Infant and Family

The Toddler and Family

The Preschooler and Family

The School-Age Child and Family

The Adolescent and Family

Chronic Illness, disability, and End-Of-Life Care

Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family

Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Cardiovascular Dysfunction

Hematologic and Immunologic Dysfunction

Genitourinary Dysfunction

Cerebral Dysfunction

Endocrine Dysfunction

Integumentary Dysfunction

Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

Filters

The nurse is caring for a child with carbon monoxide (CO₂)poisoning associated with smoke inhalation.What is essential in this child's care?