Question 1

Select the disorder that best matches each the following statements.​
-This disorder is also known as trisomy 21.

Accepted Answer

A) ​galactosemia 
B) ​Turner syndrome 
C) progeria 
D) ​hemophilia A 
E) ​Down syndrome 
A) ​galactosemia 
B) ​Turner syndrome 
C) progeria 
D) ​hemophilia A 
E) ​Down syndrome

Question 2

Match the cause with the disorder.​
-red-green color blindness

Accepted Answer

A) ​autosomal recessive inheritance; lactose metabolism is blocked 
B) ​nondisjunction of the twenty-first chromosomal pair 
C) ​X-linked recessive inheritance 
D) ​nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes 
A) ​autosomal recessive inheritance; lactose metabolism is blocked 
B) ​nondisjunction of the twenty-first chromosomal pair 
C) ​X-linked recessive inheritance 
D) ​nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes

Question 3

What is the sex chromosome composition of a person with Klinefelter syndrome?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​XXX 
B)  ​XO 
C)  ​XXY 
D)  ​XYY 
E)  ​YY 
A)  ​XXX 
B)  ​XO 
C)  ​XXY 
D)  ​XYY 
E)  ​YY

Question 4

How many genes are involved in determining skin color?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​1 
B)  ​2 
C)  ​10 
D)  ​20 
E)  ​more than 100 
A)  ​1 
B)  ​2 
C)  ​10 
D)  ​20 
E)  ​more than 100

Question 5

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.​
-SLC24A5

Accepted Answer

A) ​3n; generally sterile 
B) ​a chromosome segment is permanently transferred to a nonhomologous chromosome 
C) ​(2n - 1); a zygote deprived of a chromosome 
D) ​a repeat of a particular DNA sequence in the same chromosome or in nonhomologous ones 
E) ​(2n + 1); three chromosomes of the same kind are present in a set of chromosomes
F)​a piece of the chromosome is inadvertently left out during the repair process
G)​encodes a transport protein in melanosome membranes
H)​a chromosome segment that has been cut out and rejoined at the same place, but backward 
A) ​3n; generally sterile 
B) ​a chromosome segment is permanently transferred to a nonhomologous chromosome 
C) ​(2n - 1); a zygote deprived of a chromosome 
D) ​a repeat of a particular DNA sequence in the same chromosome or in nonhomologous ones 
E) ​(2n + 1); three chromosomes of the same kind are present in a set of chromosomes
F)​a piece of the chromosome is inadvertently left out during the repair process
G)​encodes a transport protein in melanosome membranes
H)​a chromosome segment that has been cut out and rejoined at the same place, but backward

Question 6

What is the sex chromosome composition of a person with Turner syndrome?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​XXX 
B)  ​XO 
C)  ​XXY 
D)  ​XYY 
E)  ​YY 
A)  ​XXX 
B)  ​XO 
C)  ​XXY 
D)  ​XYY 
E)  ​YY

Question 7

The potential causes of chromosomal aberrations include​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​viruses only. 
B)  ​radiation only. 
C)  ​a set of specific chemicals. 
D)  ​viruses and radiation only. 
E)  ​viruses, radiation, and various chemicals. 
A)  ​viruses only. 
B)  ​radiation only. 
C)  ​a set of specific chemicals. 
D)  ​viruses and radiation only. 
E)  ​viruses, radiation, and various chemicals.

Question 8

Answer the following questions in reference to the five items listed below.​
-The normal sperm cell of species X carries 11 chromosomes. Following nondisjunction in the formation of secondary spermatocytes and their subsequent fertilization of normal ova, some of the zygotes will have 21 chromosomes, and the remainder will have how many chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) ​12 
B) ​23 
C) ​24 
D) ​46 
E) ​47 
A) ​12 
B) ​23 
C) ​24 
D) ​46 
E) ​47

Question 9

Select the best process listed below for each of the following statements. Note that you need to know that the sequence of amino acids directly reflects the sequence of genes that coded for their placement.​
-The nucleotide sequences of homologous regions of DNA of two species are AATGCCCCGTTA and AATGCCCCGCTTA. If this is not the result of a nucleotide base-pair addition, then it is most likely the result of this.

Accepted Answer

A) ​inversion 
B) ​deletion 
C) ​gene duplication 
D) ​translocation 
E) ​addition 
A) ​inversion 
B) ​deletion 
C) ​gene duplication 
D) ​translocation 
E) ​addition

Question 10

Males tend to be affected in greater numbers by X-linked recessive genetic disorders than are females because​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​females have two dominant genes for the disorder. 
B)  ​males have only one X chromosome. 
C)  ​males have a double dose of the gene. 
D)  ​Y chromosomes are not as strong as X chromosomes. 
E)  ​females have only one X chromosome. 
A)  ​females have two dominant genes for the disorder. 
B)  ​males have only one X chromosome. 
C)  ​males have a double dose of the gene. 
D)  ​Y chromosomes are not as strong as X chromosomes. 
E)  ​females have only one X chromosome.

Question 11

Who is a carrier of an X-linked trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​homozygous dominant female 
B)  ​heterozygous female 
C)  ​homozygous recessive female 
D)  ​homozygous male 
E)  ​heterozygous male 
A)  ​homozygous dominant female 
B)  ​heterozygous female 
C)  ​homozygous recessive female 
D)  ​homozygous male 
E)  ​heterozygous male

Question 12

The failure of chromosomes to separate during mitosis or meiosis is called

Accepted Answer

A)  ​genetic displacement. 
B)  ​trisomy. 
C)  ​crossing over. 
D)  ​nondisjunction. 
E)  ​disjunction. 
A)  ​genetic displacement. 
B)  ​trisomy. 
C)  ​crossing over. 
D)  ​nondisjunction. 
E)  ​disjunction.

Question 13

A chromosome's gene sequence that was ABCDEFG before modification and ABCDCDEFG afterward is an example of​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​inversion. 
B)  ​deletion. 
C)  ​duplication. 
D)  ​translocation. 
E)  ​aneuploidy. 
A)  ​inversion. 
B)  ​deletion. 
C)  ​duplication. 
D)  ​translocation. 
E)  ​aneuploidy.

Question 14

An X-linked recessive gene (c) produces red-green color blindness. A normal woman whose father was color blind marries a color-blind man.
(a)What are the possible genotypes for the mother of the color-blind man?
(b)What are the possible genotypes for the father of the color-blind man?
(c)What are the chances that the first son will be color blind?
(d)What are the chances that the first daughter will be color blind?

Accepted Answer

(a) Cc or

Question 15

The probability of producing a normal child by two parents who are carriers for an autosomal recessive disorder is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​0% 
B)  ​25% 
C)  ​50% 
D)  ​75% 
E)  ​100% 
A)  ​0% 
B)  ​25% 
C)  ​50% 
D)  ​75% 
E)  ​100%

Question 16

A chromosome's gene sequence that was ABCDEFG before damage and ABFEDCG after is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  ​inversion. 
B)  ​deletion. 
C)  ​duplication. 
D)  ​translocation. 
E)  ​aneuploidy. 
A)  ​inversion. 
B)  ​deletion. 
C)  ​duplication. 
D)  ​translocation. 
E)  ​aneuploidy.

Question 17

Select the best process listed below for each of the following statements. Note that you need to know that the sequence of amino acids directly reflects the sequence of genes that coded for their placement.​
-A small region of a protein from three species is sequenced and found to be as follows:
Species X is alanine, glycine, glycine, threonine, alanine
Species Y is alanine, glycine, threonine, alanine
Species Z is alanine, glycine, glycine, threonine, alanine
The difference in the amino acid sequence of species Y is most likely due to this.

Accepted Answer

A) ​inversion 
B) ​deletion 
C) ​gene duplication 
D) ​translocation 
E) ​addition 
A) ​inversion 
B) ​deletion 
C) ​gene duplication 
D) ​translocation 
E) ​addition

Question 18

A prenatal diagnosis procedure that has recently come into wide use and can be performed earlier than amniocentesis involves sampling the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​yolk sac material 
B)  ​allantois 
C)  ​chorion 
D)  ​yolk sac 
E)  ​umbilical cord 
A)  ​yolk sac material 
B)  ​allantois 
C)  ​chorion 
D)  ​yolk sac 
E)  ​umbilical cord

Question 19

Short index fingers (shorter than the ring finger) are dominant in males and recessive in females, whereas long index fingers (as long as or longer than ring fingers) are dominant in females and recessive in males. Give the F2 genotype and phenotype resulting from the cross of a male with long index fingers with a female with short index fingers.

Accepted Answer

F2: 3/4 males with short finge

Question 20

A transfer of genes between non-homologous chromosomes is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  ​crossing over. 
B)  ​aneuploidy. 
C)  ​trisomy. 
D)  ​translocation. 
E)  ​duplication. 
A)  ​crossing over. 
B)  ​aneuploidy. 
C)  ​trisomy. 
D)  ​translocation. 
E)  ​duplication.

Exam 14: Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Select the disorder that best matches each the following statements.​ -This disorder is also known as trisomy 21.

Match the cause with the disorder.​ -red-green color blindness

What is the sex chromosome composition of a person with Klinefelter syndrome?​

How many genes are involved in determining skin color?​

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.​ -SLC24A5

What is the sex chromosome composition of a person with Turner syndrome?​

The potential causes of chromosomal aberrations include​

Males tend to be affected in greater numbers by X-linked recessive genetic disorders than are females because​

Who is a carrier of an X-linked trait?

The failure of chromosomes to separate during mitosis or meiosis is called

A chromosome's gene sequence that was ABCDEFG before modification and ABCDCDEFG afterward is an example of​

The probability of producing a normal child by two parents who are carriers for an autosomal recessive disorder is ____.

A chromosome's gene sequence that was ABCDEFG before damage and ABFEDCG after is an example of

A prenatal diagnosis procedure that has recently come into wide use and can be performed earlier than amniocentesis involves sampling the _____.

A transfer of genes between non-homologous chromosomes is known as

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts - Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Gene Control

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizating Information About Species

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses - Bacteria - and Archaea

Protists - the Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution - the Invertibrates

Animal Evolution - the Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Filters

Select the disorder that best matches each the following statements. -This disorder is also known as trisomy 21.

Match the cause with the disorder. -red-green color blindness

What is the sex chromosome composition of a person with Klinefelter syndrome?

How many genes are involved in determining skin color?

Choose the most appropriate answer for each. -SLC24A5

What is the sex chromosome composition of a person with Turner syndrome?

The potential causes of chromosomal aberrations include

Males tend to be affected in greater numbers by X-linked recessive genetic disorders than are females because

A chromosome's gene sequence that was ABCDEFG before modification and ABCDCDEFG afterward is an example of