Question 1

Cell differentiation can be defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  ​protein synthesis. 
B)  ​different cell lineages expressing different subsets of their genes during development. 
C)  ​all cell lineages expressing the same genes during development. 
D)  ​different cell lineages expressing all subsets of their genes during development. 
E)  ​different genomes present in different cell lineages. 
A)  ​protein synthesis. 
B)  ​different cell lineages expressing different subsets of their genes during development. 
C)  ​all cell lineages expressing the same genes during development. 
D)  ​different cell lineages expressing all subsets of their genes during development. 
E)  ​different genomes present in different cell lineages.

Question 2

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-repressor protein

Accepted Answer

A) a condensed X chromosome 
B) protein that combines with DNA all along its length 
C) attaches or detaches from operator to regulate transcription 
D) portion of the operon that binds RNA polymerase 
E) genes that induce expression of other genes
F)genes controlling the development of the body plan
G)the mutated form of this gene is associated with breast cancer
H)binding sites on DNA for regulatory proteins that increase transcription rates 
A) a condensed X chromosome 
B) protein that combines with DNA all along its length 
C) attaches or detaches from operator to regulate transcription 
D) portion of the operon that binds RNA polymerase 
E) genes that induce expression of other genes
F)genes controlling the development of the body plan
G)the mutated form of this gene is associated with breast cancer
H)binding sites on DNA for regulatory proteins that increase transcription rates

Question 3

In female mammals, most genes on one of the two X chromosomes are permanently inaccessible, a phenomenon is called __________.

Accepted Answer

X chromoso

Question 4

In prokaryotes, control of gene expression is mainly at the level of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​transcription 
B)  ​transcript processing 
C)  ​transport 
D)  ​translation 
E)  ​post-translation 
A)  ​transcription 
B)  ​transcript processing 
C)  ​transport 
D)  ​translation 
E)  ​post-translation

Question 5

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-histone

Accepted Answer

A) a condensed X chromosome 
B) protein that combines with DNA all along its length 
C) attaches or detaches from operator to regulate transcription 
D) portion of the operon that binds RNA polymerase 
E) genes that induce expression of other genes
F)genes controlling the development of the body plan
G)the mutated form of this gene is associated with breast cancer
H)binding sites on DNA for regulatory proteins that increase transcription rates 
A) a condensed X chromosome 
B) protein that combines with DNA all along its length 
C) attaches or detaches from operator to regulate transcription 
D) portion of the operon that binds RNA polymerase 
E) genes that induce expression of other genes
F)genes controlling the development of the body plan
G)the mutated form of this gene is associated with breast cancer
H)binding sites on DNA for regulatory proteins that increase transcription rates

Question 6

The mosaic effect of X inactivation in calico cat fur can be observed in

Accepted Answer

A)  ​skin color only. 
B)  ​hair color only. 
C)  ​fingernails only. 
D)  ​the location of sweat glands. 
E)  ​all its tissues. 
A)  ​skin color only. 
B)  ​hair color only. 
C)  ​fingernails only. 
D)  ​the location of sweat glands. 
E)  ​all its tissues.

Question 7

The products of genes that are switched on in specific tissues at specific stages of development affect mainly

Accepted Answer

A)  ​gene replication. 
B)  ​gene transcription. 
C)  ​mRNA transcript processing. 
D)  ​translation. 
E)  ​post-translational processing of proteins. 
A)  ​gene replication. 
B)  ​gene transcription. 
C)  ​mRNA transcript processing. 
D)  ​translation. 
E)  ​post-translational processing of proteins.

Question 8

What is the most efficient way to regulate gene expression from the perspective of cellular resources?

Accepted Answer

​From a cellular resource perspective, t

Question 9

Knockout experiments involving __________ genes in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) revealed local controls over gene expression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Knockout experiments involving __________ genes in fruit...

Question 10

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.​
-mRNA processing

Accepted Answer

A) ​influences the amount and kinds of mRNA assembled from structural gene 
B) ​splicing, capping, and adding a poly-A tail 
C) ​nuclear envelope selectively regulates passage of transcripts 
D) ​phosphorylation of translated protein 
E) ​dosage compensation 
A) ​influences the amount and kinds of mRNA assembled from structural gene 
B) ​splicing, capping, and adding a poly-A tail 
C) ​nuclear envelope selectively regulates passage of transcripts 
D) ​phosphorylation of translated protein 
E) ​dosage compensation

Question 11

Post-translational modifications are responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)  ​activation, inhibition, and stabilization of enzymes. 
B)  ​inhibition of enzymes only. 
C)  ​activation, inhibition, and synthesis of enzymes. 
D)  ​synthesis of enzymes and allosteric enzyme control. 
E)  ​synthesis of enzymes only. 
A)  ​activation, inhibition, and stabilization of enzymes. 
B)  ​inhibition of enzymes only. 
C)  ​activation, inhibition, and synthesis of enzymes. 
D)  ​synthesis of enzymes and allosteric enzyme control. 
E)  ​synthesis of enzymes only.

Question 12

As cell lineages use varying subsets of genes during development, they become specialized through a process called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As cell lineages use varying subsets of...

Question 13

Figure 10.1
  
-When cells stop responding to normal controls over growth and division they

Accepted Answer

A)  ​begin to form a tumor. 
B)  ​produce a malignancy. 
C)  ​start to die. 
D)  ​kill surrounding cells. 
E)  ​produce scar tissue. 
A)  ​begin to form a tumor. 
B)  ​produce a malignancy. 
C)  ​start to die. 
D)  ​kill surrounding cells. 
E)  ​produce scar tissue.

Question 14

Transcription factors bind directly to

Accepted Answer

A)  ​new polypeptide chains. 
B)  ​DNA. 
C)  ​RNA . 
D)  ​final proteins. 
E)  ​enhancers. 
A)  ​new polypeptide chains. 
B)  ​DNA. 
C)  ​RNA . 
D)  ​final proteins. 
E)  ​enhancers.

Question 15

The position of a cell within an embryo during embryonic development determines

Accepted Answer

A)  which genes will be knocked out. 
B)  the gender of the embryo. 
C)  whether the cell will ​differentiate. 
D)  which master genes are turned on. 
E)  ​whether maternal mRNAs will be translated. 
A)  which genes will be knocked out. 
B)  the gender of the embryo. 
C)  whether the cell will ​differentiate. 
D)  which master genes are turned on. 
E)  ​whether maternal mRNAs will be translated.

Question 16

Which statement about promoters is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​They are long sequences in DNA. 
B)  ​They are locations in DNA where regulatory proteins do not gather. 
C)  ​They control transcription. 
D)  ​They are associated with all genes. 
E)  ​They slow the rate of transcription. 
A)  ​They are long sequences in DNA. 
B)  ​They are locations in DNA where regulatory proteins do not gather. 
C)  ​They control transcription. 
D)  ​They are associated with all genes. 
E)  ​They slow the rate of transcription.

Question 17

Repressor proteins do not

Accepted Answer

A)  ​prevent binding of RNA polymerase to DNA. 
B)  eliminates the need for lactose-metabolizing enzymes when lactose is not present. 
C)  ​inactivate operon genes when their products are not required. 
D)  ​bind to sets of operators. 
E)  ​increase transcription rates. 
A)  ​prevent binding of RNA polymerase to DNA. 
B)  eliminates the need for lactose-metabolizing enzymes when lactose is not present. 
C)  ​inactivate operon genes when their products are not required. 
D)  ​bind to sets of operators. 
E)  ​increase transcription rates.

Question 18

Mutation in an A group gene in Arabidopsis thaliana affects development in its flower's

Accepted Answer

A)  ​first whorl only. 
B)  ​second whorl only. 
C)  ​third whorl only. 
D)  ​first and second whorls. 
E)  ​second and third whorls. 
A)  ​first whorl only. 
B)  ​second whorl only. 
C)  ​third whorl only. 
D)  ​first and second whorls. 
E)  ​second and third whorls.

Question 19

A gene can be silenced by the addition of what to a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A)  -CH₃ 
B)  ​-COOH 
C)  ​-OH 
D)  ​-NH₂ 
E)  ​-PO4-3 
A)  -CH₃ 
B)  ​-COOH 
C)  ​-OH 
D)  ​-NH₂ 
E)  ​-PO4-3

Question 20

The obvious advantage of the lactose operon is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  ​allows bacteria to survive in the presence of lactose. 
B)  ​cause the DNA regions that contain the operator to twist or loop. 
C)  ​enables bacteria to make lactose only in the presence of the proper enzymes. 
D)  ​negates the need for milk in the diet of adult humans. 
E)  ​enables glucose to substitute for lactose in the diet of lactose intolerant persons. 
A)  ​allows bacteria to survive in the presence of lactose. 
B)  ​cause the DNA regions that contain the operator to twist or loop. 
C)  ​enables bacteria to make lactose only in the presence of the proper enzymes. 
D)  ​negates the need for milk in the diet of adult humans. 
E)  ​enables glucose to substitute for lactose in the diet of lactose intolerant persons.

Exam 10: Gene Control

Cell differentiation can be defined as

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -repressor protein

In female mammals, most genes on one of the two X chromosomes are permanently inaccessible, a phenomenon is called __________.

In prokaryotes, control of gene expression is mainly at the level of ____.

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -histone

The mosaic effect of X inactivation in calico cat fur can be observed in

The products of genes that are switched on in specific tissues at specific stages of development affect mainly

What is the most efficient way to regulate gene expression from the perspective of cellular resources?

Knockout experiments involving __________ genes in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) revealed local controls over gene expression.

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.​ -mRNA processing

Post-translational modifications are responsible for

As cell lineages use varying subsets of genes during development, they become specialized through a process called __________.

Figure 10.1 -When cells stop responding to normal controls over growth and division they

Transcription factors bind directly to

The position of a cell within an embryo during embryonic development determines

Which statement about promoters is true?

Repressor proteins do not

Mutation in an A group gene in Arabidopsis thaliana affects development in its flower's

A gene can be silenced by the addition of what to a nucleotide?

The obvious advantage of the lactose operon is that it

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts - Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizating Information About Species

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses - Bacteria - and Archaea

Protists - the Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution - the Invertibrates

Animal Evolution - the Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Filters

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -mRNA processing