Exam 17: General Questions

Personality theorists are often influenced by the works of earlier theorists. A good example of this is how

Some psychologists have argued that behavior appears to be stable over time because we often see people in the same situation. These psychologists directly challenge which approach to personality?

One similarity between Jung and Eysenck is that they both identified a personality variable they called

List specific ways in which social learning theory provides a bridge between traditional behaviorism and the more recent cognitive approaches to personality.

Consider the manner in which Freud and those who disagreed with him were viewed by his admirers. Critically evaluate the scientific status of the contributions of the neo-Freudians who broke with Freud and elaborated on his theory.

Which of the following theories contributed most directly to the development of the cognitive approach to understanding personality?

If the humanistic approach to personality is the "third force" in American psychology, what were the first and second forces? Carefully contrast these "forces" by emphasizing their similarities and differences in theory, application, and assessment.

Researchers have found that individual differences in Type A, self-disclosure, and locus of control are all related to

Studies of ___________ indicate that internals and externals typically have different ideas about their role in maintaining physical health.

Which of these personality theorists used the least scientifically-rigorous methods to collect data in support of his theory?

Although it has been around for many years and is one of the most widely used personality tests, many psychologists argue that it lacks evidence for reliability and validity. Which test is this?

One component of Type A that is a relatively strong predictor of health problems is

Contrast cognitive psychotherapy with the approaches of Freud and Rogers. Use the methods of Kelly as an example of cognitive therapy in your discussion. Next, contrast Kelly's approach to psychotherapy and Ellis's approach. What differences are in the goals of each approach?

Although projective tests have been used extensively by psychologists to examine psychoanalytic concepts, they have also been used to study

Compare Kelly's conception of human personality with Freud's view. Discuss the factors that influence personality and any similarities between these two conceptions. How can personal constructs be used to explain personality differences? According to Kelly, how do we make predictions about the world?

Trudy wants to conduct research on individual differences in proneness to depression. If she wants to first discover what researchers have already found out about this question, she should probably look into research on each of the following except one. Which one?

Researchers have examined individual differences in a personality variable in terms of unmitigated communion. What is that variable?

There was a time during the history of personality psychology when studying personality meant comparing the theories of Freud and Jung and Adler. Today, the relative importance of the neo-Freudian theories

List three fundamental ways in which Allport disagreed with Freud. What alternative explanations for adult behavior and personality did he propose? What did Cattell discover concerning the structure of personality using the general process of factor analysis?

Recent research suggests that biology plays an important role in the development of adult personality. Which theorist would probably have the most difficult time accepting this notion?