Question 1

According to recent research findings, REM sleep appears to be necessary to

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain one's mental health. 
B)  guard against serious psychological disturbances. 
C)  prepare us for dealing with anxiety-arousing events. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  maintain one's mental health. 
B)  guard against serious psychological disturbances. 
C)  prepare us for dealing with anxiety-arousing events. 
D)  all of the above

Question 2

Which of the following conclusions has been supported by the results of REM sleep research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Depriving someone of REM sleep leads to severe psychological disturbances. 
B)  Reduced REM sleep is associated with emotional disorders. 
C)  Greater than average amounts of REM sleep indicate psychological problems. 
D)  Without REM sleep it is impossible to perform stressful tasks. 
A)  Depriving someone of REM sleep leads to severe psychological disturbances. 
B)  Reduced REM sleep is associated with emotional disorders. 
C)  Greater than average amounts of REM sleep indicate psychological problems. 
D)  Without REM sleep it is impossible to perform stressful tasks.

Question 3

Participants in the "hidden observer" demonstrations placed their arms in painfully cold water. Researchers found that highly hypnotized participants

Accepted Answer

A)  reported experiencing no pain. 
B)  could only experience pain after the experimenter told them they could. 
C)  left their arm in the water, but reported through their "hidden observer" that the experience was painful. 
D)  experienced no pain while hypnotized, but recalled the pain after the hypnosis was over. 
A)  reported experiencing no pain. 
B)  could only experience pain after the experimenter told them they could. 
C)  left their arm in the water, but reported through their "hidden observer" that the experience was painful. 
D)  experienced no pain while hypnotized, but recalled the pain after the hypnosis was over.

Question 4

Many of the research findings in support of Freud's theory of humor can also be explained by the fact that people find ________ funny.

Accepted Answer

A)  incongruity 
B)  all forms of humor 
C)  what others laugh at to be 
D)  what society tells them to laugh at to be 
A)  incongruity 
B)  all forms of humor 
C)  what others laugh at to be 
D)  what society tells them to laugh at to be

Question 5

"Posthypnotic amnesia" refers to the hypnotic subjects' inability to recall

Accepted Answer

A)  whether or not they have been hypnotized. 
B)  what happened under hypnosis. 
C)  what happened under hypnosis when the hypnotist tells them they cannot remember. 
D)  events that happen after hypnosis. 
A)  whether or not they have been hypnotized. 
B)  what happened under hypnosis. 
C)  what happened under hypnosis when the hypnotist tells them they cannot remember. 
D)  events that happen after hypnosis.

Question 6

According to the textbook, the many theories of hypnosis can be roughly placed along a continuum depending on how they deal with the question of what is

Accepted Answer

A)  posthypnotic amnesia. 
B)  the hypnotic trance. 
C)  the motivation behind hypnosis. 
D)  modifiability of susceptibility. 
A)  posthypnotic amnesia. 
B)  the hypnotic trance. 
C)  the motivation behind hypnosis. 
D)  modifiability of susceptibility.

Question 7

In one dream study, researchers compared the dreams of Palestinian children who lived in the Gaza Strip where they had experienced years of violence with children living in the more peaceful Galilee area. The findings from dream reports revealed that

Accepted Answer

A)  children living under constant stress had fewer dreams. 
B)  the dreams of children living under constant stress included more threatening events. 
C)  those who received suggestions prior to sleep had more threatening events in their dreams regardless of living circumstances. 
D)  both a and b 
A)  children living under constant stress had fewer dreams. 
B)  the dreams of children living under constant stress included more threatening events. 
C)  those who received suggestions prior to sleep had more threatening events in their dreams regardless of living circumstances. 
D)  both a and b

Question 8

After a tragic event, like Hurricane Katrina, people often make jokes about the tragedy. Freud might explain this behavior in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  denial. 
B)  symbolic expression of hostility. 
C)  reaction formation. 
D)  tension reduction. 
A)  denial. 
B)  symbolic expression of hostility. 
C)  reaction formation. 
D)  tension reduction.

Question 9

According to Freud, a good joke teller should

Accepted Answer

A)  get to the punch line quickly. 
B)  get people to relax as the punch line approaches. 
C)  build tension in the audience as the joke is told. 
D)  avoid jokes with hostile or aggressive content. 
A)  get to the punch line quickly. 
B)  get people to relax as the punch line approaches. 
C)  build tension in the audience as the joke is told. 
D)  avoid jokes with hostile or aggressive content.

Question 10

Which statement best summarizes what researchers have found about the changes in frequencies of male and female dream characters at different age levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  The adult pattern of frequencies of dream characters does not emerge until the teenage years. 
B)  The pattern changes for males as they pass through the Oedipus complex. 
C)  The frequencies of male and female characters completely reverse for both males and females as they age from childhood to adulthood. 
D)  The pattern found in adult males and females is also found in samples of children of various ages. 
A)  The adult pattern of frequencies of dream characters does not emerge until the teenage years. 
B)  The pattern changes for males as they pass through the Oedipus complex. 
C)  The frequencies of male and female characters completely reverse for both males and females as they age from childhood to adulthood. 
D)  The pattern found in adult males and females is also found in samples of children of various ages.

Question 11

Hypnotic subjects told that the experimenter's machinery can determine if they are lying or not often fail to show posthypnotic amnesia. This finding is seen as evidence for

Accepted Answer

A)  neodissociation theory. 
B)  psychoanalytic theories of hypnosis. 
C)  sociocognitive theories of hypnosis. 
D)  the "hidden observer" phenomenon. 
A)  neodissociation theory. 
B)  psychoanalytic theories of hypnosis. 
C)  sociocognitive theories of hypnosis. 
D)  the "hidden observer" phenomenon.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the cross-cultural findings when comparing the frequencies of male and female characters in dreams?

Accepted Answer

A)  Although there are a few exceptions, the frequencies found in American samples tend to be found in other cultures as well. 
B)  American and European samples show different frequencies than non?Western samples. 
C)  Male characters tend to show up in dreams more frequently in male?dominated societies. 
D)  Although a consistent pattern is found in the results from different American samples, no clear pattern emerges when looking at studies using participants from other cultures. 
A)  Although there are a few exceptions, the frequencies found in American samples tend to be found in other cultures as well. 
B)  American and European samples show different frequencies than non?Western samples. 
C)  Male characters tend to show up in dreams more frequently in male?dominated societies. 
D)  Although a consistent pattern is found in the results from different American samples, no clear pattern emerges when looking at studies using participants from other cultures.

Question 13

Which statement best summarizes the results of research that presents hostile humor to angry participants?

Accepted Answer

A)  The findings are almost completely consistent with Freud's theory. 
B)  The findings support the Freudian prediction about catharsis, but not the prediction about reducing aggression. 
C)  The findings are mixed, sometimes supporting Freud's predictions, sometimes not. 
D)  The findings are almost completely at odds with Freud's theory. 
A)  The findings are almost completely consistent with Freud's theory. 
B)  The findings support the Freudian prediction about catharsis, but not the prediction about reducing aggression. 
C)  The findings are mixed, sometimes supporting Freud's predictions, sometimes not. 
D)  The findings are almost completely at odds with Freud's theory.

Question 14

Which of the following is true about REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  We are more likely to dream during REM sleep than at any other time during the night. 
B)  Adults spend most of their sleeping hours in REM sleep. 
C)  Muscles are more tense and active during REM sleep than non?REM sleep. 
D)  Only about half of all adults experience REM sleep. 
A)  We are more likely to dream during REM sleep than at any other time during the night. 
B)  Adults spend most of their sleeping hours in REM sleep. 
C)  Muscles are more tense and active during REM sleep than non?REM sleep. 
D)  Only about half of all adults experience REM sleep.

Question 15

Freud identified which defense mechanism as the cornerstone of psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sublimation 
B)  Dreaming 
C)  Repression 
D)  Denial 
A)  Sublimation 
B)  Dreaming 
C)  Repression 
D)  Denial

Question 16

Which of the following do researchers commonly use to measure defense mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-report inventories 
B)  Projective tests 
C)  Behavioral interviews 
D)  Hypnosis 
A)  Self-report inventories 
B)  Projective tests 
C)  Behavioral interviews 
D)  Hypnosis

Question 17

In which of the following circumstances are people more responsive to hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the situation is not defined as hypnosis 
B)  When the participant has not been responsive to hypnosis in the past 
C)  When the cooperation and trust of the participant is established 
D)  Both a and b 
A)  When the situation is not defined as hypnosis 
B)  When the participant has not been responsive to hypnosis in the past 
C)  When the cooperation and trust of the participant is established 
D)  Both a and b

Question 18

The view that deeply hypnotized people experience a division of their consciousness is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  neodissociation theory. 
B)  sociocognitive theory. 
C)  trance theory. 
D)  neonatal theory. 
A)  neodissociation theory. 
B)  sociocognitive theory. 
C)  trance theory. 
D)  neonatal theory.

Question 19

Some male participants in one study were told that they scored high in femininity on a personality test. The investigator then asked the participants to tell stories about pictures in TAT cards. The investigator was studying

Accepted Answer

A)  masculinity and femininity. 
B)  coping strategies. 
C)  aggression. 
D)  defense mechanisms. 
A)  masculinity and femininity. 
B)  coping strategies. 
C)  aggression. 
D)  defense mechanisms.

Question 20

Which of the following concepts do sociocognitive theorists often use to explain the behavior of hypnotic subjects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Expectancy 
B)  Motivation 
C)  Concentration 
D)  all of the above 
A)  Expectancy 
B)  Motivation 
C)  Concentration 
D)  all of the above

According to recent research findings, REM sleep appears to be necessary to

Which of the following conclusions has been supported by the results of REM sleep research?

Participants in the "hidden observer" demonstrations placed their arms in painfully cold water. Researchers found that highly hypnotized participants

Many of the research findings in support of Freud's theory of humor can also be explained by the fact that people find ________ funny.

"Posthypnotic amnesia" refers to the hypnotic subjects' inability to recall

According to the textbook, the many theories of hypnosis can be roughly placed along a continuum depending on how they deal with the question of what is

In one dream study, researchers compared the dreams of Palestinian children who lived in the Gaza Strip where they had experienced years of violence with children living in the more peaceful Galilee area. The findings from dream reports revealed that

After a tragic event, like Hurricane Katrina, people often make jokes about the tragedy. Freud might explain this behavior in terms of

According to Freud, a good joke teller should

Which statement best summarizes what researchers have found about the changes in frequencies of male and female dream characters at different age levels?

Hypnotic subjects told that the experimenter's machinery can determine if they are lying or not often fail to show posthypnotic amnesia. This finding is seen as evidence for

Which of the following best describes the cross-cultural findings when comparing the frequencies of male and female characters in dreams?

Which statement best summarizes the results of research that presents hostile humor to angry participants?

Which of the following is true about REM sleep?

Freud identified which defense mechanism as the cornerstone of psychoanalysis?

Which of the following do researchers commonly use to measure defense mechanisms?

In which of the following circumstances are people more responsive to hypnosis?

The view that deeply hypnotized people experience a division of their consciousness is known as

Some male participants in one study were told that they scored high in femininity on a personality test. The investigator then asked the participants to tell stories about pictures in TAT cards. The investigator was studying

Which of the following concepts do sociocognitive theorists often use to explain the behavior of hypnotic subjects?

What Is Personality

Personality Research Methods

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Neo Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

Neo Freudian Theories: Relevant Research

The Trait Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Trait Approach: Relevant Research

The Biological Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Biological Approach: Relevant Research

The Humanistic Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Relevant Research

The Behavioralsocial Learning Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Behavioral Social Learning Approach: Relevant Research

The Cognitive Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Cognitive Approach: Relevant Research

General Questions

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Exam 4: The Freudian Approach: Relevant Research

According to recent research findings, REM sleep appears to be necessary to

Which of the following conclusions has been supported by the results of REM sleep research?

Participants in the "hidden observer" demonstrations placed their arms in painfully cold water. Researchers found that highly hypnotized participants

Many of the research findings in support of Freud's theory of humor can also be explained by the fact that people find ________ funny.

"Posthypnotic amnesia" refers to the hypnotic subjects' inability to recall

According to the textbook, the many theories of hypnosis can be roughly placed along a continuum depending on how they deal with the question of what is

In one dream study, researchers compared the dreams of Palestinian children who lived in the Gaza Strip where they had experienced years of violence with children living in the more peaceful Galilee area. The findings from dream reports revealed that

After a tragic event, like Hurricane Katrina, people often make jokes about the tragedy. Freud might explain this behavior in terms of

According to Freud, a good joke teller should

Which statement best summarizes what researchers have found about the changes in frequencies of male and female dream characters at different age levels?

Hypnotic subjects told that the experimenter's machinery can determine if they are lying or not often fail to show posthypnotic amnesia. This finding is seen as evidence for

Which of the following best describes the cross-cultural findings when comparing the frequencies of male and female characters in dreams?

Which statement best summarizes the results of research that presents hostile humor to angry participants?

Which of the following is true about REM sleep?

Freud identified which defense mechanism as the cornerstone of psychoanalysis?

Which of the following do researchers commonly use to measure defense mechanisms?

In which of the following circumstances are people more responsive to hypnosis?

The view that deeply hypnotized people experience a division of their consciousness is known as

Some male participants in one study were told that they scored high in femininity on a personality test. The investigator then asked the participants to tell stories about pictures in TAT cards. The investigator was studying

Which of the following concepts do sociocognitive theorists often use to explain the behavior of hypnotic subjects?

What Is Personality

Personality Research Methods

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Neo Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

Neo Freudian Theories: Relevant Research

The Trait Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Trait Approach: Relevant Research

The Biological Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Biological Approach: Relevant Research

The Humanistic Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Relevant Research

The Behavioralsocial Learning Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Behavioral Social Learning Approach: Relevant Research

The Cognitive Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Cognitive Approach: Relevant Research

General Questions

Filters