Question 1

The contemporary status of the free will-determinism debate in psychology is best characterized as

Accepted Answer

A) abandoned due to its irrelevance to the discipline 
B) focused on physiological determinants of intentions 
C) resolved in favor of determinism due to recent advances in technology and neuroimaging tools 
D) resolved in favor of free will due to recent advances in technology and neuroimaging tools 
A) abandoned due to its irrelevance to the discipline 
B) focused on physiological determinants of intentions 
C) resolved in favor of determinism due to recent advances in technology and neuroimaging tools 
D) resolved in favor of free will due to recent advances in technology and neuroimaging tools B

Question 2

The term a posteriori refers to

Accepted Answer

A) that which is derived from experience 
B) the study of problem solving 
C) self-evident truths known through intuition 
D) the nature of being 
A) that which is derived from experience 
B) the study of problem solving 
C) self-evident truths known through intuition 
D) the nature of being A

Question 3

According to the text, the method of _________ is surely the most common method of assessing truth.

Accepted Answer

A) rationalism 
B) authority 
C) empiricism 
D) pragmatism 
A) rationalism 
B) authority 
C) empiricism 
D) pragmatism B

Question 4

Psychological determinism is the belief that

Accepted Answer

A) there are causes, known or unknown, for every behavior or experience 
B) some events may really be random 
C) humans freely determine their own choices 
D) all of the above 
A) there are causes, known or unknown, for every behavior or experience 
B) some events may really be random 
C) humans freely determine their own choices 
D) all of the above

Question 5

According to Kuhn, a shift in scientific view marked by a radical new and more successful organization of the world is

Accepted Answer

A) normal science 
B) a paradigm 
C) a scientific revolution 
D) all of the above 
A) normal science 
B) a paradigm 
C) a scientific revolution 
D) all of the above

Question 6

Observational evidence alone does not warrant a universal conclusion. Thus, though every observed swan is white, there is no basis for saying that all swans are white. Such a contention is found in the work of an important philosopher of science by the name of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) Thomas S. Kuhn 
B) Paul Feyerabend 
C) Karl Popper 
D) William James 
A) Thomas S. Kuhn 
B) Paul Feyerabend 
C) Karl Popper 
D) William James

Question 7

The final cause, according to Aristotle, refers to

Accepted Answer

A) that which immediately sets a thing in motion 
B) the shape or identifying features of an object of interest 
C) the purpose or end for which a thing was intended 
D) free will 
A) that which immediately sets a thing in motion 
B) the shape or identifying features of an object of interest 
C) the purpose or end for which a thing was intended 
D) free will

Question 8

According to idealism

Accepted Answer

A) material reality is the basis of all science 
B) language is the basis of all science 
C) the mental world or the world of experience is the basis of all science 
D) science studies only the physical world 
A) material reality is the basis of all science 
B) language is the basis of all science 
C) the mental world or the world of experience is the basis of all science 
D) science studies only the physical world

Question 9

The idea that there are many separate real things (e.g., a real mind, a real body, a real God, a real material world, and so on) is most consistent with

Accepted Answer

A) attributive pluralism 
B) ontological pluralism 
C) epiphenomenalism 
D) interactionism 
A) attributive pluralism 
B) ontological pluralism 
C) epiphenomenalism 
D) interactionism

Question 10

According to Popper, a theory should

Accepted Answer

A) survive over time 
B) be falsifiable 
C) have intuitive appeal 
D) meet an aesthetic criterion 
A) survive over time 
B) be falsifiable 
C) have intuitive appeal 
D) meet an aesthetic criterion

Question 11

Psychogenic emergentism is the belief that

Accepted Answer

A) psyche is instilled in the organism at one point in time 
B) psyche develops with the developing biological organism 
C) the instilled psyche is identical with the conscious adult 
D) all of the above 
A) psyche is instilled in the organism at one point in time 
B) psyche develops with the developing biological organism 
C) the instilled psyche is identical with the conscious adult 
D) all of the above

Question 12

An airplane could be constructed of appropriate materials and have an adequate propulsion system, but if the wing or some other part were not shaped appropriately, the plane would not fly. The importance of the shape of the plane is close in meaning to Aristotle's ________ cause.

Accepted Answer

A) material 
B) final 
C) teleological 
D) formal 
A) material 
B) final 
C) teleological 
D) formal

Question 13

The term paradigm as used by _____ refers to ______.

Accepted Answer

A) Popper . . . anarchy in science 
B) Kuhn . . . conventional ways of solving problems 
C) Feyerabend . . . normal science 
D) Desartes . . . the hypothetico-deductive method 
A) Popper . . . anarchy in science 
B) Kuhn . . . conventional ways of solving problems 
C) Feyerabend . . . normal science 
D) Desartes . . . the hypothetico-deductive method

Question 14

Knowledge, according to empiricism, is based on facts presented through

Accepted Answer

A) observation and experience 
B) intuition 
C) instinct 
D) authority 
A) observation and experience 
B) intuition 
C) instinct 
D) authority

Question 15

The nativist believes that perceptual abilities

Accepted Answer

A) are learned or derived from experience 
B) are learned through interaction with others 
C) learned after birth are relatively unimportant 
D) are operational from birth 
A) are learned or derived from experience 
B) are learned through interaction with others 
C) learned after birth are relatively unimportant 
D) are operational from birth

Question 16

Materialism is the belief that

Accepted Answer

A) mind is the primary material of the universe 
B) matter makes up everything 
C) mind interacts with material 
D) all of the above 
A) mind is the primary material of the universe 
B) matter makes up everything 
C) mind interacts with material 
D) all of the above

Question 17

Which of the following has argued for an anarchistic epistemology marked by the belief that there is no such thing as a unified and unchanging scientific method.

Accepted Answer

A) Paul K. Feyerabend 
B) Thomas Kuhn 
C) Karl Popper 
D) Francis Bacon 
A) Paul K. Feyerabend 
B) Thomas Kuhn 
C) Karl Popper 
D) Francis Bacon

Question 18

Psychogenic identity theory maintains that

Accepted Answer

A) psyche is instilled in the biological substrate at a given point in time 
B) the psychically endowed biological substrate is identical with the conscious adult 
C) the psyche does not change qualitatively across the lifetime of the individual 
D) all of the above 
A) psyche is instilled in the biological substrate at a given point in time 
B) the psychically endowed biological substrate is identical with the conscious adult 
C) the psyche does not change qualitatively across the lifetime of the individual 
D) all of the above

Question 19

The term a priori refers to

Accepted Answer

A) that which is derived from experience 
B) knowledge that is acquired through learning 
C) self-evident truths known through intuition 
D) the nature of being 
A) that which is derived from experience 
B) knowledge that is acquired through learning 
C) self-evident truths known through intuition 
D) the nature of being

Question 20

The view that any design in nature is immanent in nature is found in ___________, whereas the view that any design in nature is the work of a designer is found in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) intrinsic teleology . . . extrinsic teleology 
B) extrinsic teleology . . . intrinsic teleology 
C) intrinsic teleology . . . formal cause 
D) extrinsic teleology . . . formal cause 
A) intrinsic teleology . . . extrinsic teleology 
B) extrinsic teleology . . . intrinsic teleology 
C) intrinsic teleology . . . formal cause 
D) extrinsic teleology . . . formal cause

The contemporary status of the free will-determinism debate in psychology is best characterized as

The term a posteriori refers to

According to the text, the method of _________ is surely the most common method of assessing truth.

Psychological determinism is the belief that

According to Kuhn, a shift in scientific view marked by a radical new and more successful organization of the world is

Observational evidence alone does not warrant a universal conclusion. Thus, though every observed swan is white, there is no basis for saying that all swans are white. Such a contention is found in the work of an important philosopher of science by the name of ____________.

The final cause, according to Aristotle, refers to

According to idealism

The idea that there are many separate real things (e.g., a real mind, a real body, a real God, a real material world, and so on) is most consistent with

According to Popper, a theory should

Psychogenic emergentism is the belief that

An airplane could be constructed of appropriate materials and have an adequate propulsion system, but if the wing or some other part were not shaped appropriately, the plane would not fly. The importance of the shape of the plane is close in meaning to Aristotle's ________ cause.

The term paradigm as used by _ refers to __.

Knowledge, according to empiricism, is based on facts presented through

The nativist believes that perceptual abilities

Materialism is the belief that

Which of the following has argued for an anarchistic epistemology marked by the belief that there is no such thing as a unified and unchanging scientific method.

Psychogenic identity theory maintains that

The term a priori refers to

The view that any design in nature is immanent in nature is found in ___, whereas the view that any design in nature is the work of a designer is found in .

Critical Issues in Historical Studies

Ancient Psychological Thought

The Roman Period and the Middle Ages

The Renaissance

Empiricism, Associationism, and Utilitarianism

Rationalism

Mechanization and Quantification

Naturalism and Humanitarian Reform

Psychophysics and the Formal Founding of Psychology

Developments After the Founding

Functionalism

Behaviorism

Gestalt Psychology

Psychoanalysis

Humanistic Psychologies

Beyond the Systems of Psychology

Prospects for the Twenty-First Century

Filters

Exam 2: Philosophical Issues

The contemporary status of the free will-determinism debate in psychology is best characterized as

The term a posteriori refers to

According to the text, the method of _________ is surely the most common method of assessing truth.

Psychological determinism is the belief that

According to Kuhn, a shift in scientific view marked by a radical new and more successful organization of the world is

Observational evidence alone does not warrant a universal conclusion. Thus, though every observed swan is white, there is no basis for saying that all swans are white. Such a contention is found in the work of an important philosopher of science by the name of ____________.

The final cause, according to Aristotle, refers to

According to idealism

The idea that there are many separate real things (e.g., a real mind, a real body, a real God, a real material world, and so on) is most consistent with

According to Popper, a theory should

Psychogenic emergentism is the belief that

An airplane could be constructed of appropriate materials and have an adequate propulsion system, but if the wing or some other part were not shaped appropriately, the plane would not fly. The importance of the shape of the plane is close in meaning to Aristotle's ________ cause.

The term paradigm as used by _____ refers to ______.

Knowledge, according to empiricism, is based on facts presented through

The nativist believes that perceptual abilities

Materialism is the belief that

Which of the following has argued for an anarchistic epistemology marked by the belief that there is no such thing as a unified and unchanging scientific method.

Psychogenic identity theory maintains that

The term a priori refers to

The view that any design in nature is immanent in nature is found in ___________, whereas the view that any design in nature is the work of a designer is found in ________.

Critical Issues in Historical Studies

Ancient Psychological Thought

The Roman Period and the Middle Ages

The Renaissance

Empiricism, Associationism, and Utilitarianism

Rationalism

Mechanization and Quantification

Naturalism and Humanitarian Reform

Psychophysics and the Formal Founding of Psychology

Developments After the Founding

Functionalism

Behaviorism

Gestalt Psychology

Psychoanalysis

Humanistic Psychologies

Beyond the Systems of Psychology

Prospects for the Twenty-First Century

Filters

The term paradigm as used by _ refers to __.

The view that any design in nature is immanent in nature is found in ___, whereas the view that any design in nature is the work of a designer is found in .