Exam 14: Politics and Power

Anthropologists have observed that the tribal leaders build and maintain power through which of the following?

When the farmers in Costa Rica marched, blocked streets, and held demonstrations to protest inequality and injustice, what were they participating in?

In Bangladesh, over 1,000 youth marched over 100 miles to protest the construction of coal mines. What does this demonstrate?

How did Margaret Mead explain the origins of human violence?

Civil society organizations have become important actors on the world stage. Discuss what they are, where they came from, and how they work.

The political structure of modern countries includes a central government that exercises complete political, military, and economic control of its territory. Modern countries are considered what kind of organization?

The Fatwa Council in Egypt is a form of alternative legal structure used to deal with internal problems and avoid the interference and control of the state legal system. Despite the fact that these structures do not have coercive power that compels adherence to the outcome, individuals seeking redress here generally do observe the results carefully. What is one of the key differences between the fatwa and the court system?

Describe the concept of agency and how it works, and give an example that illustrates this concept.

Adolf Hitler was able to create a powerful unified state in Germany by blaming minorities for the country's problems and promoting the idea of certain German people as different and superior. This made the idea of persecuting minorities and expanding German dominance over Europe seem like a reasonable course of action. What do we call this feeling of belonging and superiority?

What is one of the possible reasons that women in the armed services of the United States are now permitted to be active combatants?

It has sometimes been suggested that violence is endemic to all primates and a consequence of social relations. What have recent studies of other nonhuman primates revealed?

Discuss the framing process and how it works. Provide an example to support your explanation.

Describe the concept of hegemony, what it does, and how it works. Provide an example.

In 2014, police in Ferguson, MO, shot and killed 18-year-old Michael Brown in an incident that evoked nationwide protest. In the ensuing months, social media was employed to powerful effect using the hashtag #blacklivesmatter. The creation of the #blacklivesmatter hashtag helped galvanize support and is an example of what kind of action?

Anthropologists link the origins of the state to the rise of what?

In the United States, most Americans believe that it is wrong to hire family members who may not be qualified for a position. The idea of nepotism, or a family member over a more qualified candidate, seems unthinkable and undoable to many Americans. This is an example of what concept?

What do we call the method by which social movements create shared meanings and definitions that motivate and justify collective action?

The Hadza are a small hunter-gatherer group in Tanzania, where they live much as their ancestors have for thousands of years. They have no tribal or governing hierarchy. What best describes the Hadza?

What can be accurately said about most states today?

What do we call an autonomous political unit composed of a number of villages or communities under the permanent control of a paramount chief?