Exam 7: Ethnicity and Nationalism

According to legend, the Aztecs wandered across what is today Mexico until they came to an island where an eagle was standing on a cactus with a snake in its mouth. According to prophecy, this would be their new home. The Aztecs established their capital city on an island in Lake Texcoco, where tradition says their ancestors found the eagle. What concept about ethnicity does this demonstrate?

The stark contrast between 1987 and 1994 in Bosnia that Tone Bringa found-all four hundred Muslim villagers had fled or been killed-is a powerful illustration of what kind of action?

Identify three things that are used as ethnic boundary markers, and explain in what cultures they are used and how.

Most ethnic groups establish traits that set them apart from others and identify members of their own group. Anthropologists call these ________.

Colonial powers redrew the political boundaries of much of the world to suit their economic needs, without regard to local ethnic groups, politics, or religions. When colonialism ended, these new boundaries often resulted in civil war, ethnic cleansing, and ethnic conflict. In cases such as Yugoslavia, it has also led to ________.

Explain what is meant when we say that a nation is an imagined community, and give an example.

According to the text, what ended 500 years of peace between Bosnian Muslims, Catholic Croats, and Orthodox Christian Serbs in the former Yugoslavia?

What country only exists during the ninety minutes its team plays a soccer match?

What is the primary difference between assimilation and multiculturalism?

As part of a territorial conflict in Bosnia, ethnic Croats expelled, imprisoned, or killed the Muslim people with whom they had lived peacefully for more than 500 years. What concept does this illustrate?

Adolf Hitler rose to power on the basis of a claim to "Aryan supremacy." The Nazi rise to dominance, however, happened largely because the Nazis leveraged and made full use of ________.

In Zimbabwe, guerrilla fighters of different ethnicities turned to Shona spirit mediums to receive the blessing of ancient Shona kings and gain legitimacy and unity in their fight against British colonialism. This allowed them to promote what?

Carlos Murphy is from an Irish Mexican family, and he rides with pride on the Sons of Erin float in the St. Patrick's Day parade and drinks horchata with his Mexican relatives the next day. In these two different ethnic activities, Carlos is:

The Bafokeng people of South Africa formed the corporation known as Royal Bafokeng Nation, Inc. because:

Every year, Americans gather in summer to celebrate Independence Day-the Fourth of July. Parades, fireworks, and hot dogs are all part of this annual ritual. What particular component of ethnicity is embodied in this celebration?

Compare how and why ethnic-making projects in Rwanda and Bosnia have given rise to conflict.

The work of anthropologist Tone Bringa in Bosnia examines the underlying causes of the civil war in what was once called Yugoslavia. Similarly, scholar Mahmood Mamdami studied the Rwandan conflict. What characterized both cases?

The text recounts the problems experienced by the French soccer team in the World Cup including tempers and refusals to practice. The tensions on the French soccer team reflect a deeply held perspective on what being "French" really means and is a window into the problems that surround what concept?

Illegal border crossings in the southwestern United States have led to the enactment of laws to try to stop the influx of immigrants. Sometimes the legal language is written in a manner that signifies "American-ness," using veiled racial markers to clearly identify those who are "in" and those who are "out." This particular kind of demarcation is called ________.

What do we call the deliberate and systematic destruction of an ethnic or religious group?